7,122
edits
Celabrian: Difference between revisions
→Orthography
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
! Alveolar | ! Alveolar | ||
! Postalveolar | ! Postalveolar | ||
! Palatal | ! Palatal<small><sup>1</sup></small> | ||
! Velar<small><sup> | ! Velar<small><sup>2</sup></small> | ||
! Uvular<small><sup> | ! Uvular<small><sup>3</sup></small> | ||
! Glottal<small><sup> | ! Glottal<small><sup>3</sup></small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" | Nasal | ! colspan="2" | Nasal | ||
| Line 118: | Line 118: | ||
| ''z'' /z/ | | ''z'' /z/ | ||
| ''ž'' /ʒ/ | | ''ž'' /ʒ/ | ||
| rowspan="2" | ''j'' /j/<small><sup> | | rowspan="2" | ''j'' /ʝ ~ j/<small><sup>6</sup></small> | ||
| | | | ||
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''h'' /ɦ ~ ʁ/ | | colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ''h'' /ɦ ~ ʁ/ | ||
| Line 132: | Line 132: | ||
! lateral | ! lateral | ||
| | | | ||
| ''ł'' /ɫ/<small><sup> | | ''ł'' /ɫ/<small><sup>4</sup></small> | ||
| ''l'' /l/<small><sup> | | ''l'' /l/<small><sup>5</sup></small> | ||
| | | | ||
| <!--''ľ'' [ʎ]--> | | <!--''ľ'' [ʎ]--> | ||
| Line 143: | Line 143: | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| ''ṙ'' [r]<small><sup> | | ''ṙ'' [r]<small><sup>7</sup></small> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 163: | Line 163: | ||
'''Notes:''' | '''Notes:''' | ||
<small><sup>1</sup></small> Depending on dialect, the palatal obstruents ''ḱ, ǵ, ḳ́, x́, j'' /cʰ, ɟ, cʼ, ç, ʝ/ may be fronted to [t͡ɕʰ, d͡ʑ, t͡ɕʼ, ɕ, ʑ] or even [t͡ʃʰ, d͡ʒ, t͡ʃʼ, ʃ, ʒ] (merging with the corresponding postalveolars). | |||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>2</sup></small> The velar consonants are truly velar when adjacent to front vowels and postvelar otherwise. | ||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>3</sup></small> The guttural consonants ''q, x'', and ''h'' can be pronounced uvular or glottal depending on environment. The allophones are summarized in the table below. When two pronunciations are given, both are allowed but the first is more common. | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center" | {|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:center; text-align:center" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 185: | Line 186: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>4</sup></small> Alveolar [ɫ] before consonants, dental [ɫ̪] otherwise. The dental allophone may instead be pronounced [ð(ˠ)] or [ʁ] depending on dialect. | ||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>5</sup></small> May be palatalized when adjacent to front vowels. | ||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>6</sup></small> Pronounced [ʝ] syllable-initially. Otherwise, pronounced [j]. In non-careful or hypercorrect speech (particularly for speakers of dialects that front palatals), may be pronounced [j] in all environments. | ||
<small><sup> | <small><sup>7</sup></small> Pronounced non-distinctively as [r ~ ɾ] after stops. Otherwise, ''ṙ'' /r/ and ''r'' /ɾ/ are distinct. | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||