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| '''Pandoga''' is a triconsonantal language with an Indic aesthetic.
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| <!--
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| This is a short reminder of the language format policy.
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| I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).
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| II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)
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| III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.
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| ==Introduction==
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| <!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
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| <!-- Example categories/headings:
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| Goals
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| Setting
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| Inspiration
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| <!-- ***Phonology*** -->
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| <!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
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| <!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
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| Vowel inventory
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| Consonant inventory
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| Syllable structure
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| Stress
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| Intonation
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| -->
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| ==Phonology==
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| ===Orthography===
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| ===Consonants===
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| There are 22 consonants in Pandoga (as in Hebrew!)
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| |-
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| ! !! Bilabial !! Labiodental !! Dental !! Alveolar !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal
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| |-
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| | Voiceless stop || '''p''' /p/ || || '''t''' /t̪/ || || '''ṭ''' /ʈ/ || '''c''' /c/ || '''k''' /k/ ||
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| |-
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| | Voiced stop || '''b''' /b/ || || '''d''' /d̪/ || || '''ḍ''' /ɖ/ || '''j''' /ɟ/ || '''g''' /ɡ/ ||
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| |-
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| | Nasal || '''m''' /m/ || || '''n''' /n̪/ || || '''ṇ''' /ɳ/ || || ||
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| |-
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| | Fricative || || || '''s''' /s/ || || '''ṣ''' /ʂ/ || || || '''h''' /h/
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| |-
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| | Voiced fricative || || || '''z''' /z/ || || || || ||
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| |-
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| | Approximant || || '''v''' /ʋ/ || || || || '''y''' /j/ || ||
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| |-
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| | Lateral || || || '''l''' /l/ || || '''ḷ''' /ɺ̢/ || || ||
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| |-
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| | Trill || || || || '''r''' /r/ || || || ||
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| |}
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| ===Vowels===
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| Pandoga has an unusual 5 vowel system:
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! Romanization !! IPA
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| | a || /ɐ/
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| |-
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| | ā || /a:/
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| |-
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| | e || /e:/
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| |-
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| | i || /i/
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| |-
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| | o || /o:/
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| |}
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| ===Prosody===
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| ====Stress====
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| ====Intonation====
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| ===Phonotactics===
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| <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
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| ===Morphophonology===
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| ==Morphology==
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| Pandoga uses roots consisting of three consonants. An example is P-Ṇ-B 'to write':
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| * ''paṇoba'' = writer
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| * ''paṇabeti'' =
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| * ''capṇaboti'' =
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| ===Nouns===
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| Nouns inflect for definiteness and state (absolute/construct) and may include possessive affixes. A sample noun:
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| !''paṇoba'' "writer" !! !! Singular possessor !! Plural possessor
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| |colspan=2| Indefinite
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| |colspan=2| paṇoba
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| |colspan=2| Definite
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| |colspan=2| paṇobahe
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| |-
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| |rowspan=3|Construct
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| |1st person || paṇabora || paṇabaroṇa
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| |-
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| |2nd person || paṇaboda || paṇabadoṇa
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| |-
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| |3rd person
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| |colspan=2 | paṇaba
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| |}
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| Nouns typically fall into three ablaut patterns: a-type, e-type and o-type. ''Paṇoba'' is an o-type noun, where the o becomes an a in the construct state.
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| * ''homa'' (legume) → ''hama''
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| In e-type nouns, the e in the noun becomes an a, but the preceding vowel shifts: a becomes i, ā becomes e, and ō becomes a. If the only vowel in the noun is e, ...
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| [to add later]
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| ===Verbs===
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| Verbs inflect for aspect, number and transitivity, but not tense.
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| There are seven binyanim in Pandoga, as in Hebrew:
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| * PaRoHa = active simple
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| * PaReHa = active intensive
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| * camaPRoHa = active causative
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| * kaPaRHoṇa = reflexive
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| * PiRHota = passive causative
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| * malaPReHa = passive intensive
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| * maPReHa = passive simple
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| The formant "m" in the active causative and passive simple forms turns into an "n" when the next consonant is labial, so the actual forms are "canaproha" and "napreha".
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| The verb forms in the active simple binyan are as follows:
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| * Imperfect participial form: ''paroha'' (singular), ''caparoha'' (plural)
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| * Perfect participial form: ''parahota'' (singular), ''caprahota'' (plural)
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| The word "and" is a clitic: ''tala-''.
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| ==Syntax==
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| ===Constituent order===
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| ===Noun phrase===
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| ===Verb phrase===
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| ===Sentence phrase===
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| ===Dependent clauses===
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| <!-- etc. etc. -->
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| ==Example texts==
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| ==Other resources==
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| <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
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| <!-- Template area -->
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| [[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
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| [[Category:Root-and-pattern languages]]
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| [[Category:Conlangs]]
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