Eadlan/Older draft/Netagic: Difference between revisions

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Line 124: Line 124:
|-
|-
! active participle
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''akəšk''
|colspan=10| ''akəška''
|-
|-
! passive participle
! passive participle
Line 143: Line 143:
! imperative
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''ækɨ''
| ''akə''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''ækæbi''
| ''akabi''
| ''ækɨnæbi''
| ''akənabi''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''ækɨkæ''
| ''akəka''
| ''ækɨnæ''
| ''akəna''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
|-
! present
! present
| ''ækɨlli''
| ''akəlli''
| ''ækɨddi''
| ''akəddi''
| ''ækɨk''
| ''akək''
| ''ækɨkkæbi''
| ''akəkkabi''
| ''ækɨnnæbi''
| ''akənnabi''
| ''ækɨbi''
| ''akəbi''
| ''ækɨkkæ''
| ''akəkka''
| ''ækɨnnæ''
| ''akənna''
| ''ækɨšum''
| ''akəšum''
| ''ækiłok''
| ''akiłok''
|-
|-
! recent past
! recent past
Line 169: Line 169:
| ''ukidi''
| ''ukidi''
| ''ukis''
| ''ukis''
| ''ukikæbi''
| ''ukikabi''
| ''ukinæbi''
| ''ukinabi''
| ''ukibi''
| ''ukibi''
| ''ukikæ''
| ''ukika''
| ''ukinæ''
| ''ukina''
| ''ukim''
| ''ukim''
| ''ukiłæs''
| ''ukiłas''
|-
|-
! remote past
! remote past
| ''ukčæli''
| ''ukčali''
| ''ukčædi''
| ''ukčadi''
| ''ukčæs''
| ''ukčas''
| ''ukčækæbi''
| ''ukčakabi''
| ''ukčænæbi''
| ''ukčanabi''
| ''ukčæbi''
| ''ukčabi''
| ''ukčækæ''
| ''ukčaka''
| ''ukčænæ''
| ''ukčana''
| ''ukčæm''
| ''ukčam''
| ''ukiłčæ''
| ''ukiłča''
|-
|-
! future-irrealis
! future-irrealis
| ''æktiłoli''
| ''aktiłoli''
| ''æktiłodi''
| ''aktiłodi''
| ''æktiłok''
| ''aktiłok''
| ''æktiłokæbi''
| ''aktiłokabi''
| ''æktiłonæbi''
| ''aktiłonabi''
| ''æktiłobi''
| ''aktiłobi''
| ''æktiłokæ''
| ''aktiłoka''
| ''æktiłonæ''
| ''aktiłona''
| ''æktiłošum''
| ''aktiłošum''
| ''æktibæ''
| ''aktiba''
|}
|}


Line 243: Line 243:
|-
|-
! present
! present
| ''ækɨlli''
| ''akəlli''
| ''ækɨddi''
| ''akəddi''
| ''ækɨk''
| ''akək''
| ''ækɨkkæbi''
| ''akəkkabi''
| ''ækɨnnæbi''
| ''akənnabi''
| ''ækɨbi''
| ''akəbi''
| ''ækɨkkæ''
| ''akəkka''
| ''ækɨnnæ''
| ''akənna''
| ''ækɨšum''
| ''akəšum''
| ''ækiłok''
| ''akiłok''
|-
|-
! recent past
! recent past
Line 258: Line 258:
| ''ukidi''
| ''ukidi''
| ''ukis''
| ''ukis''
| ''ukikæbi''
| ''ukikabi''
| ''ukinæbi''
| ''ukinabi''
| ''ukibi''
| ''ukibi''
| ''ukikæ''
| ''ukika''
| ''ukinæ''
| ''ukina''
| ''ukim''
| ''ukim''
| ''ukiłæs''
| ''ukiłas''
|-
|-
! remote past
! remote past
| ''ukčæli''
| ''ukčali''
| ''ukčædi''
| ''ukčadi''
| ''ukčæs''
| ''ukčas''
| ''ukčækæbi''
| ''ukčakabi''
| ''ukčænæbi''
| ''ukčanabi''
| ''ukčæbi''
| ''ukčabi''
| ''ukčækæ''
| ''ukčaka''
| ''ukčænæ''
| ''ukčana''
| ''ukčæm''
| ''ukčam''
| ''ukiłčæ''
| ''ukiłča''
|-
|-
! future-irrealis
! future-irrealis
| ''æktiłoli''
| ''aktiłoli''
| ''æktiłodi''
| ''aktiłodi''
| ''æktiłok''
| ''aktiłok''
| ''æktiłokæbi''
| ''aktiłokabi''
| ''æktiłonæbi''
| ''aktiłonabi''
| ''æktiłobi''
| ''aktiłobi''
| ''æktiłokæ''
| ''aktiłoka''
| ''æktiłonæ''
| ''aktiłona''
| ''æktiłošum''
| ''aktiłošum''
| ''æktibæ''
| ''aktiba''
|}
|}


Revision as of 10:50, 17 May 2020

The Netagic languages are a subbranch of the Idavic family that includes Netagin. They are inspired by Uralic.

PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a

Phonology

  • Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k q s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
  • Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ə o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
    • PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
  • ATR/RTR harmony; i e a ə o u vs ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ
  • Initial stress modulo prefixes

Morphology

Pronouns

Nouns

Netagic retains cases and the dual, but the abstract gender merges into the inanimate gender.

Cases

The dative merged with the accusative with inanimate nouns.

  • nominative
  • accusative
  • genitive

ATR animates:

šulla 'horse'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative šulla šullandə šullon
Accusative šullaj šullandə šullis
Genitive šullat šullandəmak šullok

ATR inanimates:

šarmə 'stone'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative šarmə šarməndə šarmot
Accusative šarmən šarməndə šarmis
Genitive šarmət šarməndəmak šarmok

RTR animates:

rụsạ 'dog'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative rụsạ rụsạndə̣ rụsọn
Accusative rụsạj rụsạndə̣ rụsịs
Genitive rụsạt rụsạndə̣mạk rụsọk

RTR inanimates:

ẹpŋə̣ 'tree'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ẹpŋə̣ ẹpŋə̣ndə̣ ẹpŋọt
Accusative ẹpŋə̣n ẹpŋə̣ndə̣ ẹpŋịs
Genitive ẹpŋə̣t ẹpŋə̣ndə̣mạk ẹpŋọk


Pronominal suffixes

Adjectives

Paradigms

Weak paradigm: (animate/inanimate; sg, du, pl)

  • nom: ŋidæ/ŋidɨ, ŋidændæ/ŋidɨndæ, ŋidonɨ/ŋido
  • gen: ŋide/ŋidæk, (nom du)=gid ŋidi/ŋidok

Strong paradigm (rare):

Verbs

Paradigms

Each verb has three principal parts: the imperative, the present tense stem, and the past tense stem.

TODO: use impersonal instead of passive

Conjugation of akə 'give'
infinitive akə
action noun akipə
active participle akəška
passive participle ukča
Tense 1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. 1st du. 2nd du. 3rd du. 1st pl. 2nd pl. 3rd pl. impersonal
imperative - akə - akabi akənabi - akəka akəna - -
present akəlli akəddi akək akəkkabi akənnabi akəbi akəkka akənna akəšum akiłok
recent past ukili ukidi ukis ukikabi ukinabi ukibi ukika ukina ukim ukiłas
remote past ukčali ukčadi ukčas ukčakabi ukčanabi ukčabi ukčaka ukčana ukčam ukiłča
future-irrealis aktiłoli aktiłodi aktiłok aktiłokabi aktiłonabi aktiłobi aktiłoka aktiłona aktiłošum aktiba


Conjugation of qɛdbə 'believe'
infinitive qɛdbɪn
action noun qɛdbɪpə
active participle qɛdbəšk
passive participle qɛdbɪča
Tense 1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. 1st du. 2nd du. 3rd du. 1st pl. 2nd pl. 3rd pl. impersonal
imperative - qẹdbə̣ - qẹdbạbị qẹdbə̣nạbị - qẹdbə̣kạ qẹdbə̣nạ - -
present akəlli akəddi akək akəkkabi akənnabi akəbi akəkka akənna akəšum akiłok
recent past ukili ukidi ukis ukikabi ukinabi ukibi ukika ukina ukim ukiłas
remote past ukčali ukčadi ukčas ukčakabi ukčanabi ukčabi ukčaka ukčana ukčam ukiłča
future-irrealis aktiłoli aktiłodi aktiłok aktiłokabi aktiłonabi aktiłobi aktiłoka aktiłona aktiłošum aktiba

Prepositions

Derivation

Syntax

SOV with prepositions

Lexicon

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