Eadlan/Older draft/Netagic: Difference between revisions

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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
*Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k q s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
*Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k q s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
*Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ə o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
*Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ə o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a o i o u; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
**PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
**PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
*ATR/RTR harmony; i e a ə o u vs ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ
*ATR/RTR harmony; i e a ə o u vs ị ẹ ạ ə ọ ụ
*Initial stress modulo prefixes
*Initial stress modulo prefixes


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|-
|-
!| Nominative
!| Nominative
| ''rụsạ'' || ''rụsạndə̣'' || ''rụsọn''  
| ''rụsạ'' || ''rụsạndə'' || ''rụsọn''  
|-
|-
!| Accusative
!| Accusative
| ''rụsạj'' || ''rụsạndə̣'' || ''rụsịs''  
| ''rụsạj'' || ''rụsạndə'' || ''rụsịs''  
|-
|-
!| Genitive
!| Genitive
| ''rụsạt'' || ''rụsạndə̣mạk'' || ''rụsọk''
| ''rụsạt'' || ''rụsạndəmạk'' || ''rụsọk''
|}
|}


RTR inanimates:
RTR inanimates:
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style=" text-align: center;"
|+ ''ẹpŋə̣'' 'tree'
|+ ''ẹpŋə'' 'tree'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" |  
! style="width: 90px;" |  
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|-
|-
!| Nominative
!| Nominative
| ''ẹpŋə̣'' || ''ẹpŋə̣ndə̣'' || ''ẹpŋọt''  
| ''ẹpŋə'' || ''ẹpŋəndə'' || ''ẹpŋọt''  
|-
|-
!| Accusative
!| Accusative
| ''ẹpŋə̣n'' || ''ẹpŋə̣ndə̣'' || ''ẹpŋịs''  
| ''ẹpŋən'' || ''ẹpŋəndə'' || ''ẹpŋịs''  
|-
|-
!| Genitive
!| Genitive
| ''ẹpŋə̣t'' || ''ẹpŋə̣ndə̣mạk'' || ''ẹpŋọk''
| ''ẹpŋət'' || ''ẹpŋəndəmạk'' || ''ẹpŋọk''
|}
|}
{{col-end}}
{{col-end}}
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|+ Conjugation of ''qẹdbə̣'' 'believe'
|+ Conjugation of ''qẹdbə'' 'believe'
|-
|-
! infinitive
! infinitive
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|-
|-
! action noun
! action noun
|colspan=10| ''qẹdbịpə̣''
|colspan=10| ''qẹdbịpə''
|-
|-
! active participle
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''qẹdbə̣škạ''
|colspan=10| ''qẹdbəškạ''
|-
|-
! passive participle
! passive participle
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! imperative
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''qẹdbə̣''
| ''qẹdbə''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''qẹdbạbị''
| ''qẹdbạbị''
| ''qẹdbə̣nạbị''
| ''qẹdbənạbị''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''qẹdbə̣kạ''
| ''qẹdbəkạ''
| ''qẹdbə̣nạ''
| ''qẹdbənạ''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
|-
! present
! present
| ''qẹdbə̣llị''
| ''qẹdbəllị''
| ''qẹdbə̣ddị''
| ''qẹdbəddị''
| ''qẹdbə̣k''
| ''qẹdbək''
| ''qẹdbə̣kkạbị''
| ''qẹdbəkkạbị''
| ''qẹdbə̣nnạbị''
| ''qẹdbənnạbị''
| ''qẹdbə̣bị''
| ''qẹdbəbị''
| ''qẹdbə̣kkạ''
| ''qẹdbəkkạ''
| ''qẹdbə̣nnạ''
| ''qẹdbənnạ''
| ''qẹdbə̣šụm''
| ''qẹdbəšụm''
| ''qẹdbịłọk''
| ''qẹdbịłọk''
|-
|-

Revision as of 20:01, 17 May 2020

The Netagic languages are a subbranch of the Idavic family that includes Netagin. They are inspired by Uralic.

PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a

Phonology

  • Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k q s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
  • Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ə o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a o i o u; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
    • PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
  • ATR/RTR harmony; i e a ə o u vs ị ẹ ạ ə ọ ụ
  • Initial stress modulo prefixes

Morphology

Pronouns

Nouns

Netagic retains cases and the dual, but the abstract gender merges into the inanimate gender.

Cases

The dative merged with the accusative with inanimate nouns.

  • nominative
  • accusative
  • genitive

ATR animates:

šulla 'horse'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative šulla šullandə šullon
Accusative šullaj šullandə šullis
Genitive šullat šullandəmak šullok

ATR inanimates:

šarmə 'stone'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative šarmə šarməndə šarmot
Accusative šarmən šarməndə šarmis
Genitive šarmət šarməndəmak šarmok

RTR animates:

rụsạ 'dog'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative rụsạ rụsạndə rụsọn
Accusative rụsạj rụsạndə rụsịs
Genitive rụsạt rụsạndəmạk rụsọk

RTR inanimates:

ẹpŋə 'tree'
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ẹpŋə ẹpŋəndə ẹpŋọt
Accusative ẹpŋən ẹpŋəndə ẹpŋịs
Genitive ẹpŋət ẹpŋəndəmạk ẹpŋọk


Pronominal suffixes

Adjectives

Paradigms

Weak paradigm: (animate/inanimate; sg, du, pl)

  • nom: ŋidæ/ŋidɨ, ŋidændæ/ŋidɨndæ, ŋidonɨ/ŋido
  • gen: ŋide/ŋidæk, (nom du)=gid ŋidi/ŋidok

Strong paradigm (rare):

Verbs

Paradigms

Each verb has three principal parts: the imperative, the present tense stem, and the past tense stem.

TODO: use impersonal instead of passive

Conjugation of akə 'give'
infinitive aktə
action noun akipə
active participle akəška
passive participle ukča
Tense 1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. 1st du. 2nd du. 3rd du. 1st pl. 2nd pl. 3rd pl. impersonal
imperative - akə - akabi akənabi - akəka akəna - -
present akəlli akəddi akək akəkkabi akənnabi akəbi akəkka akənna akəšum akiłok
recent past ukili ukidi ukis ukikabi ukinabi ukibi ukika ukina ukim ukiłas
remote past ukčali ukčadi ukčas ukčakabi ukčanabi ukčabi ukčaka ukčana ukčam ukiłča
future-irrealis aktiłoli aktiłodi aktiłok aktiłokabi aktiłonabi aktiłobi aktiłoka aktiłona aktiłošum aktiba


Conjugation of qẹdbə 'believe'
infinitive qẹdbị
action noun qẹdbịpə
active participle qẹdbəškạ
passive participle qẹdbịčạ
Tense 1st sg. 2nd sg. 3rd sg. 1st du. 2nd du. 3rd du. 1st pl. 2nd pl. 3rd pl. impersonal
imperative - qẹdbə - qẹdbạbị qẹdbənạbị - qẹdbəkạ qẹdbənạ - -
present qẹdbəllị qẹdbəddị qẹdbək qẹdbəkkạbị qẹdbənnạbị qẹdbəbị qẹdbəkkạ qẹdbənnạ qẹdbəšụm qẹdbịłọk
recent past qẹdbịlị qẹdbịdị qẹdbịs qẹdbịkạbị qẹdbịnạbị qẹdbịbị qẹdbịkạ qẹdbịnạ qẹdbịm qẹdbịłạs
remote past qẹdbịčạlị qẹdbịčạdị qẹdbịčạs qẹdbịčạkạbị qẹdbịčạnạbị qẹdbịčạbị qẹdbịčạkạ qẹdbịčạkạbị qẹdbịčạm qẹdbịłčạ
future-irrealis qẹdbịłọlị qẹdbịłọdị qẹdbịłọk qẹdbịłọkạbị qẹdbịłọnạbị qẹdbịłọbị qẹdbịłọkạ qẹdbịłọnạ qẹdbịłọšụm qẹdbịbạ

Prepositions

Derivation

Syntax

SOV with prepositions

Lexicon

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