User:Ashucky/Sketches: Difference between revisions

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|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| lugala(k) || ama(k) || ĝeša(k) || eri(k) || lugalene(k) || amane(k)
| lugala(k) || ama(k) || ĝeša(k) || eri(k) || lugalena(k) || amana(k)
|-
|-
! Ergative
! Ergative
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|-
|-
! Directive  
! Directive  
| (lugalye) || (amaye) || ĝešye || eriye || (lugaleneye) || (amaneye)
| (lugalye) || (amaye) || ĝešye || eriye || (lugalen[e]ye) || (aman[e]ye)
|-
|-
! Locative  
! Locative  
| (lugalya) || (amaya) || ĝešya || eriya || (lugaleneya) || (amaneya)
| (lugalya) || (amaya) || ĝešya || eriya || (lugalen[e]ya) || (aman[e]ya)
|-
|-
! Terminative
! Terminative
| lugalše/lugalaš || amaše || ĝešše/ĝešaš || eriše || lugaleneše || amaneše
| lugalše/lugalaš || amaše || ĝešše/ĝešaš || eriše || lugalen[e]še || aman[e]še
|-
|-
! Adverbiative
! Adverbiative
| lugaleš || amaeš || ĝešeš || erieš || lugalenēš || amanēš
| lugaleš || amaeš || ĝešeš || erieš || lugaleneš || amaneš
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| (lugalta) || (amata) || ĝešta || erita || (lugaleneta) || (amaneta)
| (lugalta) || (amata) || ĝešta || erita || (lugalen[e]ta) || (aman[e]ta)
|-
|-
! Comitative
! Comitative
| lugalda || amada || ĝešda || erida || lugaleneda || amaneda
| lugalga || amaga || ĝešga || eriga || lugalen[e]ga || aman[e]ga
|-
|-
! Equative
! Equative
| lugalgen || amagen || ĝešgen ||  erigen || (lugalenegen) || (amanegen)
| lugalgen || amagen || ĝešgen ||  erigen || (lugalen[e]gen) || (aman[e]gen)
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 18:44, 3 March 2014

Sumerian conlang

Phonology

Bilabial Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal m [m] n [n] ĝ [ŋ]
Plosive p [pʰ/p] b [p/b] t [tʰ/t] d [t/d] k [kʰ/k] g [k/g]
Fricative s [s] š [ʃ] h [x]
Affricate z [t͡s] (r̂ [t͡sʰ])
Approximant (y/i [j] ?) (w/u [w] ?)
Trill r [r/ɾ]
Flap or tap (r̂ ?)
Lateral app. l [l]


Front Back
Close i [i] (ī [i:] ?) u [u] (ū [u:] ?)
Mid e [e] (ē [e:]?) (o [o] (ō [o:] ?) ?)
Open a [a] (ā [a:] ?)

Grammar

Nouns

Characteristics

NOMINAL CHAIN:
1) [NOUN] + [ADJECTIVE + POSSESSIVE/DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN + PLURAL (e)ne] + [CASE]

2) [PRONOUN] + [CASE]

Cases
Substantives
Case Suffixes Notes
Human Non-h.
Genitive -ak/-a/-k
Ergative -e subject of transitive verbs (agent)
Absolutive -Ø subject of intransitive verbs (argument); object of transitive verbs (patient)
Dative -ra -/? indirect object; complementary with locative (or directive?) for non-human
Directive -/? -e > -ye? motion arriving at, position next to; indirect obejct (non-human)
Locative -/? -a > -ya? motion into, position inside; rarely used for human
Locative 2 -/? -ne
Terminative -še motion towards
Adverbiative -eš in the manner of < "how?"
Ablative -ta place/time from where (non-human); instrument; from the place of X (human)
Comitative -da with/and, in company
Equative -gen like/as
Declension
Declension
Case king (h) mother (h) tree (n) city (n) kings (h) mothers (h)
Genitive lugala(k) ama(k) ĝeša(k) eri(k) lugalena(k) amana(k)
Ergative lugale amae/amā ĝeše erie/erī lugalene amane
Absolutive lugal ama ĝeš eri (lugalen) (aman)
Dative lugalra/lugalar amar(a) - - lugalener(a) amaner(a)
Directive (lugalye) (amaye) ĝešye eriye (lugalen[e]ye) (aman[e]ye)
Locative (lugalya) (amaya) ĝešya eriya (lugalen[e]ya) (aman[e]ya)
Terminative lugalše/lugalaš amaše ĝešše/ĝešaš eriše lugalen[e]še aman[e]še
Adverbiative lugaleš amaeš ĝešeš erieš lugaleneš amaneš
Ablative (lugalta) (amata) ĝešta erita (lugalen[e]ta) (aman[e]ta)
Comitative lugalga amaga ĝešga eriga lugalen[e]ga aman[e]ga
Equative lugalgen amagen ĝešgen erigen (lugalen[e]gen) (aman[e]gen)

Pronouns

Adjectives

Numerals

Verbs

Other

Vocabulary

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