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| <tr><th>to'qereksq<th>töŋereksŋ<th>tôñaraksñ<th>тёңерексң<th>توِڭاِراِكسڭ<br>تِوڭاراكسڭ<th>tœŋæræksŋ<th>you are round | | <tr><th>to'qereksq<th>töŋereksŋ<th>tôñaraksñ<th>тёңерексң<th>توِڭاِراِكسڭ<br>تِوڭاراكسڭ<th>tœŋæræksŋ<th>you are round |
| </table> | | </table> |
|
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| =Parts of Speach=
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| <ol>
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| <li>Noun<ul><li>Pronoun<li>Masdar</ul>
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| <li>Particle
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| <ul type=circle>
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| <li>Joint<ul><li>Whose-ness<li>Who-ness<li>Suffix<li>Prefix</ul>
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| <li>Separate<ul><li>Postposition<li>Conjunction</ul>
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| </ul>
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| <li>Verb
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| <li>Adjective<ul><li>Numeral<li>Participle</ul>
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| <li>Adverb<ul><li>Gerund</ul>
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| <li>Interjection
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| </ol>
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|
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| ==Noun==
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|
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| ===Personal pronouns===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td><td>Singular<td>Plural
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| <tr><td>1st person<th>ben<th>biz
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| <tr><td>2nd person<th>sen<th>siz
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| <tr><td>3rd person<th>o<th>olar
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| </table>
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|
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| ===Masdars===
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| <p>There are two masdars (verbal nouns): <b>V+w</b> and <b>V+mak/mek</b>:
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| <p><b>İstanbulda jaşamaknı/jaşawnı umut etemn.</b> <i>I am hoping to live in Istanbul.</i>
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|
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| ==Particle==
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|
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| ===Whose-ness & Who-ness===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td><td>Whose<td>Who<td>Verb Whose
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| <tr><td>ben<th>-m<th>-mn<th>-m
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| <tr><td>sen<th>-ŋ<th>-sŋ<th>-ŋ
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| <tr><td>o<th>ı / i<th>(-dr)<th>(-dr)
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| <tr><td>biz<th>-mz<th>-bz<th>-k
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| <tr><td>siz<th>-ŋz<th>-sz<th>-ŋz
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| <tr><td>olar<th>(lar)ı / (ler)i<th>[lar(dr) / ler(dr)]<th>[lar / ler]
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| </table>
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| <p><b>Benniŋ başm.</b> <i>My head.</i> — <b>Ben kücikmn.</b> <i>I am small/little.</i><br>
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| <b>Senniŋ kişiŋ.</b> <i>Your man.</i> — <b>Sen büjiksŋ.</b> <i>You are big.</i><br>
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| <b>Onıŋ ewi.</b> <i>His/Her/Its home.</i> — <b>O iyi(dr).</b> <i>He is good.</i><br>
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| <b>Bizniŋ cocıklar.</b> <i>Our children.</i> — <b>Biz warlıklıbz.</b> <i>We are rich.</i><br>
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| <b>Sizniŋ işŋz.</b> <i>Your work.</i> — <b>Siz bahcadasz.</b> <i>You are in the garden.</i><br>
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| <b>Olarnıŋ birleri.</b> <i>One of them.</i> — <b>Olar atsızlar.</b> <i>They are without horses.</i><br>
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| <p><b>Kızm we ogılm güzeller.</b>
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| <i>My daughter and my son are beautiful.</i>
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| <br><b>Kara közlerŋni sewemn.</b>
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| <i>I love your black eyes.</i>
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| <br><b>Buda kimŋz war?</b>
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| <i>Which if you is here?</i>
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| <p>These particles are also used in verb conjugation
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| except that <b>ı / i</b> is omitted in the 3rd person
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| and <b>-mz</b> is changed for just <b>-k</b>.
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| And I use these abbreviations:
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| <p><b>τ</b> — from Greek <b>τίνος</b> <i>whose</i>,<br>
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| <b>π</b> — from Greek <b>ποιος</b> <i>who</i>.
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|
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| ==Verb==
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| The basic and shortest verb form (denoted by <b>V</b>)
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| is at the same time 2nd person singular imperative. The negative
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| form is <b>V+ma/me</b>:
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| <p><b>Okı!</b> <i>Read!</i> — <b>Okıma!</b> <i>Don't read!</i><br>
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| <b>İc!</b> <i>Drink!</i> — <b>İcme!</b> <i>Don't drink!</i><br>
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| <b>Jat!</b> <i>Lie (down)!</i> — <b>Jatma!</b> <i>Don't lie (down)!</i>
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|
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| ===Voices===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td>Passive<th>-l
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| <tr><td>Reflexive<th>-n
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| <tr><td>Causative<th>-t<br>dır/dir
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| <tr><td>Reciprocal<th>-ş
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| </table>
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| <p><b>Bak</b> <i>Look</i><br>
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| <b>Bakl</b> <i>Be looked at</i><br>
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| <b>Bakn</b> <i>Look at oneself</i><br>
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| <b>Bakt / Bakdır</b> <i>Make look</i><br>
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| <b>Bakş</b> <i>Look at one another</i>
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| <p><b>Kişiler warda öpşmeŋz!</b> <i>Don't kiss in presence of other people!</i><br>
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| <b>Kitaplar bulaj yazlmar.</b> <i>Books aren't written this way.</i><br>
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| <b>Kişiler warda öpşmeŋz!</b> <i>Don't kiss in presence of others!</i><br>
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| <b>Kişiler warda öpşmeŋz!</b> <i>Don't kiss in presence of others!</i><br>
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|
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| ===Tenses & Moods===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td><td>Simple<td>In the Past
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| <tr><td>Sure Future<th>V+acak/ecek+π<th>V+acak/ecek idi+τ
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| <tr><td>Present-Future<th>V+r+π<th>V+r idi+τ
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| <tr><td>Present<th>V+a/e+π<th>V+a/e idi+τ
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| <tr><td>Past<th>V+dı/di+τ<th rowspan=2>V+mış/miş idi+τ
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| <tr><td>Unsure Past<th>V+mış/miş+π
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| <tr><td>Conditional<th>V+sa/se+τ<th>V+sa/se idi+τ
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| </table>
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|
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| ==Adjective==
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|
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| ===Numbers===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td>0<td>1<td>2<td>3<td>4<td>5<td>6<td>7<td>8<td>9
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| <tr><th>nöl<th>bir<th>iki<th>üc<th>tört<th>beş<th>altı<th>jedi<th>sekiz<th>tokız
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| <tr><td>
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| <tr><td>10<td>11<td>20<td>30<td>40<td>50<td>60<td>70<td>80<td>90
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| <tr><th>on<th>on bir<th>jirmi<th>otız<th>kırk<th>elli<th>altmış<th>jetmiş<th>seksen<th>toksan
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| <tr><td>
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| <tr><td>100<td>143<td>200<td>1000<td>8765<td>1 000 000<td>1 000 000 000<td>1 000 000 000 000
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| <tr><th>jüz<th>jüz kırk üc<th>iki jüz<th>miŋ<th>sekiz miŋ jedi jüz altmış beş<th>miljon<th>miljar<th>triljon
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| </table>
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|
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| ===Participles===
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| <table border=1 cellspacing=0 align=center>
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| <tr><td>Present
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| <tr><td>Present
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| <tr><td>Present
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| <tr><td>Present
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| <tr><td>Present
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| </table>
| |
|
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| ==Adverb==
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| ==Interjection==
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
What & Why Jaŋatil?
Jaŋatil is a common Turkic language.
Sounds
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal
|
Plosive | p b | | t d | | | k g | ʔ
|
---|
Fricative | β | f | s z | ʃ | | | h
|
---|
Affricate | | | | | tɕ | |
|
---|
Nasal | m | | n | | | ŋ |
|
---|
Trill | | | r | | | |
|
---|
Approximant | | | l | | j | |
|
---|
- /f/, /h/, /ʔ/ are only used in loanwords.
- /v/ or /w/ are allowed instead of /β/.
- /tʃ/, /ts/ or /ɕ/ are allowed instead of /tɕ/.
- At the beginning of a word /dʒ/, /dz/, /dʑ/, /ʑ/ or /ʒ/ are allowed instead of /j/.
- /h/ is interchangeable with /χ/.
- In a hard context /q/, /ʁ/ (/ɣ/) are allowed instead of /k/, /g/ respectively.
- In a soft context /kj/, /gj/, /lj/ are allowed instead of /k/, /g/, /l/ respectively.
- In native words the difference between p/t/k and b/d/g,
isn't very meaningful.
Vowels
| Front | Back
|
unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded
|
Close | i | y | ɯ | u
|
---|
Open | æ | œ | a | o
|
---|
Characteristics of the vowels
| Strong | Weak
|
unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded
|
Hard | a | o | ɯ | u
|
---|
Soft | æ | œ | i | y
|
---|
Vowel harmony
In a native Jaŋatil word each vowel must be either soft (front) or hard (back). This is
called front/back harmony. The same
is true for loanwords with the exception of letter i — we can combine it not only with the soft e, i, ö, ü
but also with the hard a, ı, o, u. Thus any loanword
written in the standard Latin alphabet can be borrowed without change.
There is no rounded/unrounded harmony in the written language.
Therefore in native words the weak rounded vowels u, ü may only be in the first syllable.
However, one should round ı, i while speaking when they come immediately
after a rounded vowel.
Word stress
Word stress is always put on the last vowel. But if you
want to emphasize a word then you may stress another syllable.
Writing Systems
Latin | Cirillic | Arabic | IPA
|
ASCII | Common | Rational
|
A a | A a | A a | А а | ا | a
|
---|
B b | B b | B b | Б б | ب | b
|
---|
C c | C c | C c | Ч ч | چ | tɕ
|
---|
D d | D d | D d | Д д | د | d
|
---|
E e | E e | Â â | Е е | اِ | æ
|
---|
F f | F f | F f | Ф ф | ف | f
|
---|
G g | G g | G g | Г г | گ | g
|
---|
H h | H h | H h | Х х | ه | h
|
---|
I i | İ i | Î î | И и | ىِ | i
|
---|
J j | J j | J j | Й й | ي | j
|
---|
K k | K k | K k | К к | ك | k
|
---|
L l | L l | L l | Л л | ل | l
|
---|
M m | M m | M m | М м | م | m
|
---|
N n | N n | N n | Н н | ن | n
|
---|
O o | O o | O o | О о | و | o
|
---|
O' o' | Ö ö | Ô ô | Ё ё | وِ | œ
|
---|
P p | P p | P p | П п | پ | p
|
---|
Q q | Ŋ ŋ | Ñ ñ | Ң ң | ڭ | ŋ
|
---|
R r | R r | R r | Р р | ر | r
|
---|
S s | S s | S s | С с | س | s
|
---|
T t | T t | T t | Т т | ت | t
|
---|
U u | U u | U u | У у | ىُ | u
|
---|
V v | Ü ü | Û û | Ю ю | ىُِ | y
|
---|
W w | W w | W w | В в | ۋ | β
|
---|
X x | Ş ş | Ş ş | Ш ш | ش | ʃ
|
---|
Y y | I ı | I ı | Ы ы | ى | ɯ
|
---|
Z z | Z z | Z z | З з | ز | z
|
---|
` | ` | ` | Ъ ъ | ء | ʔ
|
---|
Writing Examples
Latin | Cirillic | Arabic | IPA | Translation
|
ASCII | Common | Rational
|
tax | taş | taş | таш | تاش | taʃ | stone
|
---|
sekiz | sekiz | sâkız | секиз | ساِكىِز سِاكىز | sækiz | eight
|
---|
altyncy | altıncı | altıncı | алтынчы | التىنچى | altɯnt͡ɕɯ | sixth
|
---|
vcnci | ücnci | ûcncı | ючнчи | ىُِچنچىِ ِىُچنچى | yt͡ɕnt͡ɕy | third
|
---|
mv`min | mü`min | mû`mın | мюъмин | مىُِءمىِن مِىُءمىن | myʔmin | believer
|
---|
gvzellik | güzellik | gûzallık | гюзеллик | گىُِزاِللىِك گُِىزاللىك | gyzællik | beauty
|
---|
to'qereksq | töŋereksŋ | tôñaraksñ | тёңерексң | توِڭاِراِكسڭ تِوڭاراكسڭ | tœŋæræksŋ | you are round
|
---|