Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin/Literature

• Older history is analogous to that of our Yiddish. Much of the literature during this period is produced by or for women, who couldn't read Hebrew.
  • צאנה וּראינה Ț'eno Ür'eno (Biblical commentary for women written in Ăn Yidiș)
  • Tkhinăs (individual non-liturgical prayers by women)
• The Judeo-Gaelic Enlightenment (JG אן לעאראקוּת (קֿעל'אך) ăn Learăgüs (Ghełăch), Heb. ההשכּלה הקלית ha-Haskålå haq-Qėlith) was focused on discovering and consciously borrowing from an older Gentile Goidelic literary tradition and seeking out older Goidelic and other Celtic sources for new Ăn Yidiș words, mainly "cognatizations" or hypothetical Ăn Yidiș descendants and cognates of words in Old Irish and other Celtic languages. (Gentile Goidelic varieties were already extinct by this time.) This helped Jews become literate in the Celtic literature that was part of the Gentile literary canon. The publication of a grammar of Old Irish in Ăn Yidiș and Hebrew created a boom of Gaelic-inspired literary activity in this period. Learăgüs writers even rederived hypothetical synthetic verb forms and noun cases which were long since lost in Judeo-Gaelic, to streamline their Ăn Yidiș poetry and to consciously imitate older Gaelic, though these forms never caught on in common speech; this register is called אן לעאראקוּתיש ăn Learăgüsiș.
  • Among the best-known Ăn Yidiș works from this phase is ___ by Mănachăm mac Ățieni, a very long satirical "bardic poem" about society (both religious-Jewish and Gentile) at the time.
  • Eařînăchüs (עאר'ינאכוּת "Hibernism"; resettling in Ireland and becoming Gaelic pagans again) and Zionism both show up during this period.
• Post-Learăgüs writers, as well as traditionally religious Gaelic Jews, criticized the new Gaelic loans and other Learagüsiș features as not being authentically Ăn Yidiș.
  • Best known is Nă hOacosăn ag ___, a cycle of quasi-Lovecraftian sci-fi works (which nevertheless allude to many Jewish legends and texts); it uses flowery exaggerated Learăgüsiș for effect and uses Old Irish- and otherwise Celtic-inspired gibberish for names of eldritch gods. (The subtext is that Jews shouldn't stray from Orthodox Jewish religion and that pure human rationality is deeply flawed as a life path.)
  • Something secular and more directly anti-nationalist or anti-religious (satirizing both Hibernists and Zionists). I won't say more; I just hate nationalism.
• Modern Ăn Yidiș literature is produced by both secular and Haredi Jewish communities.