User:Ashucky/Sketches: Difference between revisions

 
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== Periodic table ==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:100%; max-width:1800px; margin:0 auto; padding:2px; vertical-align:top; {{{style|}}};"
! colspan="19" | Periodic table
|- style="line-height:125%; vertical-align:top;"
! style="text-align:left; background:white" | <small>[[Group (periodic table)|Group]]</small>
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Alkali metal|1]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Alkaline earth metal|2]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Group 3 element|3]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Group 4 element|4]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Group 5 element|5]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Group 6 element|6]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Group 7 element|7]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Group 8 element|8]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Group 9 element|9]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Group 10 element|10]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Group 11 element|11]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Group 12 element|12]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Boron group|13]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Carbon group|14]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Pnictogen|15]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Chalcogen|16]]
! style="background:#e8e8e8;" | [[Halogen|17]]
! style="background:#f0f0f0;" | [[Noble gas|18]]
|- style="font-size:85%; text-align:left; line-height:125%; vertical-align:top;"
|
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" | Alkali metals
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" | Alkaline earth metals
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" |
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" | Pnictogens
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" | Chalcogens
| style="background:#e8e8e8;" | Halogens
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" | Noble gases
|-
|}
== Ememir (Sumerian conlang)==
== Ememir (Sumerian conlang)==
=== Phonology ===
=== Phonology ===
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=====Characteristics=====
=====Characteristics=====
=====Conjugation=====
=====Conjugation=====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 300px;
! rowspan="3" | Transitive !! colspan="6" | Perfective !! colspan="6" | Imperfective
|-
! colspan="4" | Subject !! rowspan="2" | Stem !! rowspan="2" |  Object !! colspan="4" | Object !! rowspan="2" | Stem !! rowspan="2" |  Subject
|-
! Base !! Past !! Present !! Future !! Base !! Past !! Present !! Future
|-
! 1sg
| '''ʔ''' || ī || ē || ā || rowspan="6" | STEM || (e)n || '''n''' || in || en || an || rowspan="6" | STEM || (e)n
|-
! 2sg
| '''e''' || e || eh || ah || (e)s || '''s''' || is || es || as || (e)s
|-
! 3sg
| '''n''', '''b'''|| in, ib || en, eb || an, ab || Ø || '''n''', '''b'''|| in, ib || en, eb || an, ab
|-
! 1pl
| '''d''' || id || ed || ad  || (e)nden || '''d''' || id || ed || ad || (e)nden
|-
! 2pl
| '''z''' || iz || ez || az  || (e)nzen || '''z''' || iz || ez || az || (e)nzen
|-
! 3pl
| '''š''' || iš || eš || aš  || (e)š || '''š''' || iš || eš || aš || (e)nē
|-
! rowspan="3" | Intransitive !! colspan="6" | Perfective !! colspan="6" | Imperfective
|-
! colspan="4" | - !! rowspan="2" | Stem !! rowspan="2" |  Subject !! colspan="4" | - !! rowspan="2" | Stem !! rowspan="2" |  Subject
|-
! Base !! Past !! Present !! Future !! Base !! Past !! Present !! Future
|-
|-
! 1sg
| rowspan="6" | - || rowspan="6" | i || rowspan="6" | e || rowspan="6" | a || rowspan="6" | STEM || (e)n || rowspan="6" | - || rowspan="6" | i || rowspan="6" | e || rowspan="6" | a || rowspan="6" | (+ed) || (e)n
|-
! 2sg
| (e)s || (e)s
|-
! 3sg
| Ø || Ø
|-
! 1pl
| (e)nden || (e)nden
|-
! 2pl
| (e)nzen || (e)nzen
|-
! 3pl
| (e)š || (e)š
|-
|}
<br>
'''Forms of the prefixes:'''
* -C > -Cen
* -V > -v̄n (vowel lenthening)
* -v̄ > -ūwen; -īyen; -ēyen; -āen
=====Full paradigm=====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 300px;
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 300px;
|+ '''Conjugation'''
|+ '''Conjugation'''
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! !! colspan="3" | Perfective !! colspan="3" | Imperfective  
! !! colspan="3" | Perfective !! colspan="3" | Imperfective  
|-
|-
! Transitive !! Subject<br>(ergative) !! Stem !! Object<br>(absolutive) !! Subject<br>(ergative) !! Stem !! Object<br>(absolutive)
! Transitive !! Subject !! Stem !! Object !! Object !! Stem !! Subject
|-
|-
! 1sg
! 1sg
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| n-V-eš (in) || || eš || || || enē
| n-V-eš (in) || || eš || || || enē
|-
|-
! Inransitive !! Subject<br>(ergative) !! Stem !! Object<br>(absolutive) !! Subject<br>(ergative) !! Stem !! Object<br>(absolutive)
! Intransitive !! !! Stem !! Subject !! !! Stem !! Subject
|-
|-
! 1sg
! 1sg
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|}
|}


* subject/patient = absolutive
* subject/patient = absolutive (patient = accusative object of transitive verbs; subject = nominative subject of intransitive verbs)
* agent = ergative
* agent = ergative (agent = nominative subject of transitive verbs)


=====Prefixes=====
=====Prefixes=====
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|-
|-
! 1pl
! 1pl
| || me || me  
| || me || me  
|-
|-
! 2pl
! 2pl
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* {{green|naĝar}} {{blue|iri}}{{red|še}} {{blue|ib}}{{red|še}}ĝen{{green|Ø}} - ''the carpenter went to the city''
* {{green|naĝar}} {{blue|iri}}{{red|še}} {{blue|ib}}{{red|še}}ĝen{{green|Ø}} - ''the carpenter went to the city''
* lugal{{blue|e}} nin{{yellow|ra}} iri{{orange|ya}} {{green|ē}} i{{yellow|na}}{{orange|ni}}{{blue|n}}du{{green|Ø}} - ''a house was built for the queen by the king in the city''
* lugal{{blue|e}} nin{{yellow|ra}} iri{{orange|ya}} {{green|ē}} i{{yellow|na}}{{orange|ni}}{{blue|n}}du{{green|Ø}} - ''a house was built for the queen by the king in the city''
* When a vocalic suffix is added before the ventive prefix, the vowel is added: '''īm-''', '''ūm-''', and '''ām-'''
** '''īmĝen''' - he came here ''(m+ĝen+Ø)''
** '''īmmaĝen''' - he came away ''(m+ba+ĝen+Ø)''
=====Performatives=====
Prefix: '''u-/ū-''' (> '''ul-''' when followed by verb root)
* relative past (when/after) - only with perfective verbs<br>
Prefix: '''i-/ī-'''
* present forms, perfective<br>
Prefix: '''a-''' (> '''al-''' when followed by verb root)
* imperfective; al- in imperatives? <br>
<br>
Modal prefixes:
* NEGATIVE '''nu-''' (la-, li-) ''not''
* PRECATIVE '''hé-''' (ha-, hu-) ''may he, he should, whether''
* COHORTATIVE '''ga-''' (gi4-, gú-) ''may I, I shall''
* PROHIBITIVE '''na-''' ''may he not''
* AFFIRMATIVE '''na-''' ''he shall (shall he not?)''
* VETITIVE '''ba-ra-''' ''can not, must not''
* PROSPECTIVE '''ù-''' (a-, ì-) ''when, after''
* CONTRAPUNCTIVE '''ši-''' (ša-, šu-) ''so, therefore''
* FRUSTRATIVE '''nu-uš-''' ''if only''
* CONJUNCTIVE '''(i)n-ga-''' ''and, also, furthermore''
=====Imperfective stems=====
Formation:
* affixiation: '''-e''' (-ū > -ūwe, -ā > -āe, -ē > -ēye, -ī > -īye, -a/e/i/u > -ā/ē/ī/ū)
* reduplication:
** type 1: ĝar > ĝaĝa
** type 2: ḫal(a) > ḫalḫa
* suppletive root


=====Copula=====
=====Copula=====
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|-
|-
! 2sg
! 2sg
| -min || =min
| -mes || =mes
|-
|-
! 3sg
! 3sg
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====Other ====
====Other ====
=====Nominalising suffix -wa=====
* '''lugale hay indū > lugal lu hay indū{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the king built the house > the king, the man who built the house''
<br>
* '''hay badū > hay dū{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the house was built > the house that was built''
<br>
* '''lugale hay maḫ indū'''
** ''the king built the lofty temple''
* '''hay maḫbita'''
** ''from that lofty temple''
* '''hay maḫ lugale [hay maḫ] dū{{blue|wa}}bita'''
** ''from that lofy temple built by the king''
<br>
* '''hay šub{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the house that collapsed > the collapsed house''
* '''hay dū{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the house that was built > the built house''
* '''inim dūg{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the word that was spoken > the spoken word''
<br>
* '''lue hay indū > hay lue dū{{blue|wa}}'''
** ''the man built the house > the house built by the man''


=== Vocabulary ===
=== Vocabulary ===
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