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| '''Ancient Netagin''' (''barits Natāgīn'') is the oldest attested stage of [[Netagin]]. It is a (largely reconstructed) triconsonantal language inspired by Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic, spoken in Western Etalocin. This page describes Ancient Netagin, the oldest attested stage of Netagin.
| | =Ancient literature= |
| ==Phonology==
| | *Ancient Talmic, Windermere etc. epics |
| ===Consonants===
| | *Tracts describing religious rituals such as hand-washing |
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:700px;text-align:center;"
| | *Sondmoridh Manuscripts |
| ! colspan="2" |
| | *The Ngăthoar |
| ! |Labial
| |
| ! |Alveolar
| |
| ! |Lateral
| |
| ! |Palatal
| |
| ! |Velar
| |
| ! |Uvular
| |
| ! |Pharyngeal
| |
| ! |Glottal
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
| |
| | '''m''' /m/
| |
| |colspan="2"| '''n''' /n/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''ŋ''' /ŋ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="3" |Plosive
| |
| ! |<small>plain</small>
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"| '''t''' /t/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''k''' /k/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | '''ʔ''' /ʔ/
| |
| |-
| |
| ! |<small>tense</small>
| |
| |
| |
| |colspan="2"| '''ṭ''' /t˭/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''ḳ''' /k˭/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! |<small>voiced</small>
| |
| | '''b''' /b/
| |
| |colspan="2"| '''d''' /d/
| |
| |
| |
| | '''g''' /g/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! colspan="2" style="" |Affricate
| |
| |
| |
| | '''c''' /ts/
| |
| | '''q''' /tɬ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
| |
| ! |<small>voiceless</small>
| |
| | '''f''' /f/
| |
| | '''s''' /s/
| |
| | '''x''' /ɬ/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| | '''ħ''' /ħ/
| |
| | '''h''' /h/
| |
| |-
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| ! |<small>voiced</small>
| |
| |
| |
| | '''z''' /z/
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| |
| |
| |
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| |rowspan="2" colspan="2"| '''ȝ''' /ʁ~ʕ/
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Approximant
| |
| | '''w''' /w/
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| |colspan="2"| '''r''' /ɾ/
| |
| | '''j''' /j/
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
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|
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|
| ===Vowels=== | | =Gweats literature= |
| The following vowels were used:
| | =Fnüeng literature= |
|
| |
|
| <poem>
| | =Classical Period literature= |
| i iː u uː
| | *Emisom Grouid's translations and poetry |
| a aː oː
| | *Lesch Mltzhyphe's tragedies |
| aj aw
| | *Etsoj Jopah's poetry |
| </poem>
| | *Alice in Wonderland/Proto-Hofstadterian stuff |
|
| |
|
| {{angbr|'''i ī u ū a ā ō ay aw'''}}
| | =Romantic literature= |
| | *Industrial revolution, some of its harms |
| | **Two opposing camps: one favors returning to preindustrial society and one favors more tech and social development to fix problems |
|
| |
|
| Stress is marked with an acute accent.
| | ==Horror and science fiction== |
| | In Talma, horror literature first took off in Amphir during the Romantic period and its literary influence spread to Skella and Fyxoom, which developed it into Lovecraft-esque science fiction literature. Horror literature also greatly influenced [[Verse:Tricin/Talma/Music|Talman classical music]] during the late Romantic period. |
|
| |
|
| ==Morphology==
| | <poem> |
| ===Nouns and adjectives===
| | hm, i would picture a lovecraftian romance to have the romance be... consuming, destructive, the world falling around it |
| The definite article was ''ʔis-''.
| | like an occultist gone mad but the relationship they have with their god is more... personal |
| ====Number====
| | if i want to be "literary" i could easily imagine consuming romance as related here to like, consuming forbidden nowledge |
| Three numbers: sg, du/col, pl
| | </poem> |
| | |
| Two genders: plain, honorific
| |
| | |
| Honorific marked with -ō
| |
| | |
| absolute, construct, possessed forms
| |
| | |
| For example, below are the declensions of ''yarifi'' (plain) = 'wheel'; ''ʔiȝsō'' (honorific) = 'eagle'
| |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| |+ Sample nouns
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 90px;" rowspan="2" | !! colspan="2" | Singulative !! colspan="2" | Dual-collective !! colspan="2" | Plurative
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct !! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct !! style="width: 90px;" | absolute !! style="width: 90px;" | construct
| |
| |-
| |
| !Plain
| |
| || ''yarifi'' || ''yarif'' || ''yarifūʔ'' || ''yarifū'' || ''yarifāʔ'' || ''yarifā''
| |
| |-
| |
| !Honorific
| |
| || ''ʔiȝsō'' || ''ʔiȝsōn'' || ''ʔiȝsōnūʔ'' || ''ʔiȝsōnū'' || ''ʔiȝsōbi'' || ''ʔiȝsōb''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ====Possessive suffixes====
| |
| | |
| ===Pronouns===
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! rowspan="2" |
| |
| ! colspan="3" | First person !! colspan="3" | Second person !! colspan="3" | Third person
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| !Independent
| |
| ||''ʔammi''||''ʔammū''||''ʔammā''||''ʔanni''||''ʔannū''||''ʔannā''||''hini (a)''<br/>''hinan (hon.)''||''hinnū''||''hinnā''
| |
| |-
| |
| !Clitic
| |
| ||''-ti''||''-mū''||''-mā''||''-ni''||''-nū''||''-nā''||''-hi''||''-hū''||''-hā''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Verbs===
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Binyan !! Imperfective !! Perfective !! Antipassive<br/>Participle !! Passive<br/>Participle !! Action noun
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''1a2a3'' || ''-i12a3'' || ''1ō2i3'' || ''1i2u3'' || ''1i2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2
| |
| | ''1a2ō3'' || ''-a12ū3'' || ''1a2ī3'' || ''1a2ū3'' || ''1u2ā3''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3
| |
| | ''ʔa12ī<sup>1</sup>3'' || ''-uni12i3'' || ''bi1ːū2ā3'' || ''ti1ːū2ā3'' || ''ʔa12u3ti''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 4
| |
| | ''ʔa12i3'' || ''-i1ːi2u3'' || ''ba12a3'' || ''ta12a3'' || ''ʔa12a3ō''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 5
| |
| | ''ta12u3'' || ''-ut1a2i3'' || ''but1a2u3'' || ''tut1a2u3'' || ''ta12ō3ō''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 6
| |
| | ''ʔir1a2a3'' || ''-ur1i2u3'' || ''bur1i2u3'' || ''tur1i2u3'' || ''ʔur1a2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 7
| |
| | ''ʔirta1a2u3'' || ''-urta1a2i3'' || ''burta1a2u3'' || ''turta1a2u3'' || ''tirta1a2ī3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 8
| |
| | ''ʔi21a2i3'' || ''-i21i2u3'' || ''bu21ā2u3'' || ''tu21ā2u3'' || ''ʔu21a2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 9
| |
| | ''1as2u3'' || ''-u1is2u3'' || ''bu1as2u3'' || ''tu1as2u3'' || ''tu1as2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 10
| |
| | ''1i2a2i3'' || ''-i12i2u3'' || ''bu12i2u3'' || ''tu12i2u3'' || ''ti12a2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 11
| |
| | ''1a2ā2u3'' || ''-i12ī2u3'' || ''bu12ā2u3'' || ''tu12ā2u3'' || ''tu12ā2i3i''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 12
| |
| | ''1i31a2u3'' || ''-i1a31i2u3'' || ''bu1i31ā2u3'' || ''tu1i31ā2u3'' || ''1i31a2i3i''
| |
| |}
| |
| <sup>1</sup> Shortens to ''i'' when a suffix is added.
| |
| | |
| The ''participle'' is an agent noun or an adjective. Adverbializing it yields manner of action "as if to X".
| |
| | |
| The ''action noun'' ({{sc|axn}}) or ''gerund'' is used in action noun constructions, which are of the form SUBJECT-{{sc|gen}} AXN OBJECT-{{sc|acc}}. It is of importance in forming relative clauses, for Netagin does not have a relativizer.
| |
| | |
| ====Affixes====
| |
| {{col-begin}}
| |
| {{col-break}}
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |+Present tense affixes
| |
| |-
| |
| ! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''-fi'' || ''-fū'' || ''-fā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2
| |
| | ''-an''<br/>''-at'' (hon.) || ''-nū''<br/>''-tū'' (hon.) || ''-nā''<br/>''-tōb'' (hon.)
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3
| |
| | ''-∅''<br/>''-ō'' (hon.) || ''-ū'' || ''-ā'' <br/> ''-ōb'' (hon.)
| |
| |}
| |
| {{col-break}}
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |+''ʔabnis'' 'steal'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''ʔabnisfi'' || ''ʔabnisfū'' || ''ʔabnisfā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2
| |
| | ''ʔabnisan'' || ''ʔabnisnū'' || ''ʔabnisnā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3
| |
| | ''ʔabnis''<br/>''ʔabnisō'' (hon.) || ''ʔabnisū'' || ''ʔabnisā'' <br/>''ʔabnisōb''
| |
| |}
| |
| {{col-end}}
| |
| {{col-begin}}
| |
| {{col-break}}
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |+Past tense affixes
| |
| |-
| |
| ! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''f-'' || ''f-ū'' || ''f-ā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2
| |
| | ''n-''<br/>''n-ō'' (hon.) || ''n-ū'' || ''n-ā''<br/>''n-ōb'' (hon.)
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3
| |
| | ''h-''<br/>''h-ō'' (hon.)|| ''h-ū'' || ''h-ā''<br/>''h-ōb'' (hon.)
| |
| |}
| |
| {{col-break}}
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
| |
| |+''ʔabnis'' 'steal'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! !! Singular !! Dual-Coll. !! Plural
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 1
| |
| | ''fibbinus'' || ''fibbinusū'' || ''fibbinusā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 2
| |
| | ''nibbinus'' || ''nibbinusū'' || ''nibbinusā''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! 3
| |
| | ''hibbinus''<br/>''hibbinusō'' (hon.) || ''hibbinusū'' || ''hibbinusā'' <br/>''hibbinusōb'' (hon.)
| |
| |}
| |
| {{col-end}}
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|
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|
| ==Syntax== | | ===Figures=== |
| Little is attested about Ancient Netagin syntax; it is thought to have been syntactically ergative and almost completely head-initial like [[Old Netagin]].
| | *'''Hyjad Orphair''' was a late Romantic author who is best known for her enormously successful ''Jyndychouis'' cycle of horror + romance novels. It was made into a ''vylám'' (opera) ''Jyndychouis'' by the Amphirese composer Propanol Mochraid, the best known of the late Talman Romantic ''vylám''s. |
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| [[Category:Tricin]][[Category:Netagin]]
| | =Modern literature= |
| | ==Science fiction== |