Carpathian verbs: Difference between revisions

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Carpathian verbs (view source)

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 | ''-ēj''
 | ''-ēje''
-| ''-ātei''
+| ''-ētei''
-| ''hauj'''ē'''tei'' “to be aware”<br/>''leg'''ē'''tei'' “to lie (be situated)”<br/>''bil'''ē'''tei'' “to be white”
+| ''hauj'''ē'''tei'' “to be aware”<br/>''leg'''ē'''tei'' “to lie (be situated)”<br/>''bil'''ē'''tei'' “to be white”<br/>''dih'''ē'''tei'' “to think”
 | [[w:Stative verb|Stative]] verbs, often continuous.
 | Sigmatic aorist. [[w:Deadjectival verb|Deadjectival]] inactive verbs have zero-grade throughout their conjugation.
@@ Line 879: / Line 879: @@
 | ''-auje''
 | ''-autei''
-| ''ōg'''au'''tei'' “to gather berries”<br/>''mīlautei'' “to endear”
+| ''ōg'''au'''tei'' “to gather berries”<br/>''mīl'''au'''tei'' “to endear”
 | [[w:Denominal verb|Denominative]] progressive verbs.
 | The diphthong "-au-" becomes "-awā-" in the aorist.
 |-
 | ''-ī''
-| ''-ei''
+| ''-ī''
 | ''-ītei''
-| ''pars'''ī'''tei'' “to ask”<br/>''kailītei'' “to cure”<br/>''pirgītei'' “to fry”
+| ''pars'''ī'''tei'' “to ask”<br/>''kail'''ī'''tei'' “to cure”<br/>''parg'''ī'''tei'' “to fry”
 | [[w:Causative|Causative]].
-| The diphthong "-ei-" becomes "-īj-" before vowels.
+| The vowel "-ī-" becomes "-ei", when final.
 |-
 | ''-jē''
 | ''-iei''
 | ''-ētei''
-| ''pars'''ī'''tei'' “to ask”<br/>''kailītei'' “to cure”<br/>''pirgītei'' “to fry”
+| ''milk'''ē'''tei'' “to be silent”<br/>''mud'''ē'''tei'' “to be weak”<br/>''girb'''ē'''tei'' “to have a need for something”
-| [[w:Causative|Causative]].
+| Inactive imperfective denominal verbs.
-| The diphthong "-ei-" becomes "-īj-" before vowels.
+| The vowel "-e-" becomes "-ei-", when final.
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 1,060: / Line 1,060: @@
 One of the main functions of active participles is to describe a characteristic of a noun related to some ongoing, past or future action in which the said noun is the agent: ''paustīs perelektunīs'' “migrating birds”, ''wadījas nepatairānas'' “inexperienced driver”. Only imperfective, perfective and future participles can fulfill this function. Another function of active participles is to describe an action performed by the sentence subject before the main action: ''Akunan '''atihwerwā''', meriā dangānas pagiledēsā''. – “'''Having opened''' the window, the girl looked at the clouds”.
+Just as adjectives, participles decline for gender, case and number of the noun they modify, except for the dative absolute construction. Participles can be conjugated for person in the same way as inactive verbs by taking pronominal suffixes. The table below represents all possible participle forms of the verb ''skeistei'' “to read”, the pronominal forms having the third person singular suffix ''-is''.
+:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;
+|-
+! colspan=2 rowspan=3 |
+! colspan=4| Simple
+! colspan=4| Pronominal
+|-
+! <small>masculine</small>
+! <small>neuter</small>
+! <small>feminine</small>
+! <small>common</small>
+! <small>masculine</small>
+! <small>neuter</small>
+! <small>feminine</small>
+! <small>common</small>
+|-
+! colspan=8| Active
+|-
+! rowspan=3| Imperfective
+! <small>sg</small>
+| skitañs || skitañ || skiteñtī || skiteñtis || skitañsis || skitànis || skiteñtihis || skiteñtisis
+|-
+! <small>du</small>
+| skitañte || colspan=3| skitañtī || skitañtejī || colspan=3| skitañtīhī
+|-
+! <small>pl</small>
+| skitañtis || skitán || colspan=2| skiteñtīs || skitañtisis || skitáinis || colspan=2| skiteñtīhis
+|-
+! rowspan=3| Aorist
+! <small>sg</small>
+| skaitàwas || skaitàwan || skaitàwī || skaitàwis || skaitàwasis || skaitàwanis || skaitàwihis || skaitàwisis
+|-
+! <small>du</small>
+| skaĩtawe || colspan=3| skaĩtawī || skaĩtawejis || colspan=3| skaĩtawīhis
+|-
+! <small>pl</small>
+| skaĩtawis || skaitawā̃ || colspan=2| skaĩtawīs || skaĩtawisis || skaitawànis || colspan=2| skaĩtawīsis
+|-
+! rowspan=3| Perfect
+! <small>sg</small>
+| skitùs || skituñ || skitwī́ || skitwìs || skitùsis || skitùnis || skitwìhis || skitwìsis
+|-
+! <small>du</small>
+| colspan=4| skitàwī || colspan=4| skitàwīhis
+|-
+! <small>pl</small>
+| colspan=2| skitū́s || colspan=2| skitwī́s || colspan=2| skitū́sis || colspan=2| skitwī́sis
+|-
+! rowspan=3| Desiderative
+! <small>sg</small>
+| skitasiañs || skitasiañ || skitasiañtī || skitasiñtis || skitasiañsis || skitasiànis || skitasiañtihis || skitasiñtisis
+|-
+! <small>du</small>
+| skitasiañte || colspan=3| skitasiñtī || skitasiañtejī || colspan=3| skitasiñtīhī
+|-
+! <small>pl</small>
+| skitasiañtis || skitasián || colspan=2| skitasiñtīs || skitasiañtisis || skitasiáinis || colspan=2| skitasiñtīhis
+|-
+! rowspan=3| Resultative
+! <small>sg</small>
+| skillùs || skilluñ || skillī́ || skillìs || skillùsis || skillùnis || skillìhis || skillìsis
+|-
+! <small>du</small>
+| colspan=4| skitèlī || colspan=4| skitèlīhis
+|-
+! <small>pl</small>
+| colspan=2| skillū́s || colspan=2| skillī́s || colspan=2| skillū́sis || colspan=2| skillī́sis
+|-
+|}
 Passive participles mainly denote actions that have impact upon nouns they describe: ''skaunas kuramas'' “a house that is being built”, ''haiskas histas'' – “a question that has been asked”.
-In a similar way to adjectives, some participles have three degrees of comparison: ''laubīmas'' “liked” — ''laubīmesas'' “more liked” — ''laubīmimas'' “most liked”.
+In a similar way to adjectives, some participles have three degrees of comparison: ''laubīmas'' “liked” — ''laubīmesas'' “more liked” — ''laubīmimmas'' “most liked”.
 [[Category:Carpathian]]