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==Amísreg== | ==Modern Amísreg== | ||
See [[Sowaár#Phonology|main article]]. | See [[Sowaár#Phonology|main article]]. | ||
==Conservative Amísreg== | |||
Every sound is articulated as written in Conservative Amísreg, without any deletion processes. | |||
The vowels '''o oo''' are consistently [o o:], and '''a aa''' are less back [ä ä:]. | |||
The liquid '''r''' may be pronounced as a flap or a trill, [r] or [ɽr] in addition to retroflex fricative, approximant or lateral approximant realizations. | |||
Conservative Amísreg retains the Classical Sowaár 3-tone system in a simplified form, which moderners perceive as affected. | |||
*Classical Sowaár: á, a, à, áa, aà, aá, aa | |||
*Conservative Amísreg: á, a, à, áa, aá, aa | |||
*Modern Amísreg: á, a, áa, aá, aa | |||
==New Urban== | ==New Urban== | ||
The phonology is based on | The phonology is based on Amísreg, with a few differences. | ||
*Plain unaspirated consonants become fully voiced. | *Plain unaspirated consonants become fully voiced. | ||
*'''dr tr tr' ''' are | *The difference between the retroflex '''dr'''-series and the palatal '''j'''-series is retained; however '''dr tr tr' ''' are apico-postalveolar plosives as in Hindi, or laminal affricates [d͡ʐ t͡ʂ t͡ʂ'], not subapical plosives as in Amísreg. | ||
*'''dlr tlr tlr' łr''' become velar laterals '''gl kl kl' khl'''. | *'''dlr tlr tlr' łr''' become velar laterals '''gl kl kl' khl'''. | ||
*'''nr r''' are much less retroflex than in High Sowaár. | *'''nr r''' are much less retroflex than in High Sowaár. | ||
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*'''w''' may be pronounced [v] or [ʋ]. | *'''w''' may be pronounced [v] or [ʋ]. | ||
*Stress accent rather than pitch accent (as in Modern Greek). | *Stress accent rather than pitch accent (as in Modern Greek). | ||
=='Onáp'aam== | |||
*'''nr dr tr tr' sr''' = '''ny j c c' x''' = [ɲ t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ t͡ɕʼ ɕ] | |||
*'''r''' = [z] | |||
*'''p w''' = [f v] | |||
*Retro laterals merge with their dental lateral counterparts. | |||
*There is more syncope. | |||
*Stress accent rather than pitch accent. | |||
*'''h ' ''' are dropped intervocalically. | |||
**Deletion processes give rise to overlong vowels. | |||
==Camánreh == | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
dlr tlr tlr' łr ~ velar laterals | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
In addition to the usual Sowaár 4 vowel system ''a aa e ee i ii u uu'' (u uu are fronted /ü ü:/), Camánreh Sowaár also has rhotic vowels, written ''ą ąą ę ęę į įį ų ųų''. | |||
==Jikhoó'ii== | |||
*Lateral series: Basque z-series | |||
*Retro series: Basque s-series | |||
*Palatal series: Basque x-series | |||
*Retro lateral series: velars | |||
*Velar series: uvulars | |||
==Hosne'éh== | |||
dlr > gl (velar lateral) | |||
No tones |
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