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Verse:Anachron/Arabo-Japanese: Difference between revisions
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' | This form of Japanese borrows mainly from Perso-Arabic and replaces some existing Chinese vocabulary during the period corresponding to our timeline's Late Middle Japanese period. Japanese is spoken in Irta's Japan, Sakhalin, Mongolia and parts of Canada. It's notable for having lots of Arabic and Persian loanwords, in addition to earlier Sino-Japanese (Go-on and Kan-on) vocabulary. | ||
==Todo== | ==Todo== | ||
Japanese-made Perso-Arabic words analogous to wasei eigo and wasei kango? | |||
Some unexpected Sino-Japanese words where OTL Japanese would use a native or English word | |||
jigā = liver, seat of emotions (like "heart" in English), (''poetic'') other/second | |||
* the first two senses come from PIE *yekwr, the last one from PIE *dwi-kwer- | |||
nān - bread; (''poetic'') name | |||
* ''ishin'' is a more common poetic synonym for "name" | |||
nāme - book | |||
kitābuhāne - library | |||
abū - cloud (''Internet'') | |||
mīe = fruit (earlier *miwe) | |||
baji = some | |||
hendese = geometry | |||
umīzu = hope | |||
bāchi = garden | |||
nei = reed flute | |||
sarāmōreikun = assalāmu 3alaykum | |||
ōreikunsarān = wa 3alaykum salām | |||
S, D, T, Z -> suw-, zuw-, tsuw-, zuw- | S, D, T, Z -> suw-, zuw-, tsuw-, zuw- | ||
zuiudō = Difda3 | |||
nōsu = nafs | |||
ishichōmāru = isti3māl | |||
tasuwauō, tasuō - taSawwur | |||
rutsū - luTf | |||
tsuibbu = Tibb | |||
bōzū = ba3D | |||
tsuiuru = Tifl | |||
ar ir ur ār īr ūr ayr awr > ā ē ō ā īa ūa eia oua | |||
==History== | |||
The most recent wave of Iranian and Scythian migration into Irta's northeast Asia began in the 11th century and reached its peak at the 12th. Unlike in our timeline, many of the EMidJp > ModJp sound changes such as intervocalic /φ/ loss and monophthongization had not taken place at this time and only occured after Japanese had absorbed a lot of Perso-Arabic influence. | |||
==Personal names== | |||
===Persian origin=== | |||
Hēdoushi, Rusutan, Sōrābu, Hereizūn, Janshīzu, Kaifusurou, Manūchē, Mērān, Shiamaku, Shiyawashi | |||
==Orthography== | |||
Irta Japanese is written in a mix of two scripts: Perso-Arabic and a cursive form of Hiragana. It's written from right to left. | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||
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Verbs of Arabic origin use VN + suru or VN + iru (analogous to the way they work in Turkish). | Verbs of Arabic origin use VN + suru or VN + iru (analogous to the way they work in Turkish). | ||
dāsu suru = to study | |||
===Izae=== | |||
Sometimes compounds in Irta Japanese use a construction called ''izae'', which works like ''ezāfe'' in Persian. An example is ''mūjika-i-āsumān'' "music of the spheres". In some instances personal affixes are borrowed from Persian -- an example with ''te'' "hand": | |||
* 1sg teyan | |||
* 2sg teyatsu | |||
* 3sg teyashi | |||
* 1pl teyamān | |||
* 2pl teyatān | |||
* 3pl teyashān | |||
Sometimes emphatic pronouns are formed from the root ''fud-'' (''fudan'', ''fudatsu'', ''fudashi'' etc.) from PIE *swe - these are the only true personal pronouns in Irta Japanese. Like our Japanese, Irta Japanese is pro-drop. | |||
==Texts== | |||
Subete no insān wa umarenagara ni shite āzāzu de ari, katsu, heishiatsu to hakku to ni tsuite barābā de aru. Insān wa, akuru to ejidān to wo sazukerarete ori, tagai ni rūha-i-barādā wo motte keadā shinakereba naranai. | |||
==Judeo-Arabo-Japanese== | |||
written in Hebrew script and has a Hebrew lexical layer | |||
Vowel devoicing actually drops vowels in native words | |||
Fewer phonotactic restrictions (e.g. final consonants are allowed); separate /l/ is introduced as well as emphatics, e.g. /ts/ undergoes a phonemic split from /t/ | |||