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| '''Azalic''' ([[Togarmite]]: ''lysėni Azali''; Proto-Azalic: ''Əngoilin woiq̇'') is an imagined Indo-European branch, intended to serve as an alternate possible [[diachronics of the English language]]. | | '''Azalic''' is a Hivantic language spoken in the country of Åzalaa in [[Verse:Ed Dynje]]. |
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| The name ''Azalic'' is derived from ''Azal'', a Persian cognate of Əngoil /ˈəngojl/, the legendary mother of the Azalic people (cognate of Ahalyā in Hindu mythology). Like in our timeline, English was the lingua franca of a huge part of the world, but unlike in our timeline, this resulted in English being the most conservative language in the Azalic branch. This is due to Proto-Azalic already having undergone morphological simplifications from PIE, to the point where it's almost as analytic as English. Other descendants have changed a lot more and have various typologies, including innovated gender systems, agglutinating morphology and even predicate-first syntax.
| | [[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:Azalic languages|*]][[Category:Ed Dynje]] |
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| Proto-Azalic is notable for having wide phonological and lexical variation across dialects. The central dialect of Proto-Azalic, which evolved mainly into English in-universe, has lots of loans from Camalic. Most other Azalic languages are from the peripheral dialects, which have some unique IE isoglosses. (read: excuse to make non-Englishy Azalic languages)
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| ==Urheimat==
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| Spain, Portugal, Morocco and the Pyrenees
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| ==Family tree==
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| *Azalic
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| **[[Əinglisċ]]
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| ***Early New English
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| ****English
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| ****a Danish-like VSO language spoken in Sri Lanka
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| ****Polish Azalic
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| **** [[Riphean]]
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| **[[Khuamnisht]]
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| **something with ejectives
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| ==Phonology==
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| Inspirations: Vietnamese, Armenian, literally read Irish
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| '''m n bh dh gh ᵹh p t c q ph th ch qh ṗ ṫ ċ q̇ s ṡ h l r y w'''
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| /m n
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| bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ
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| p t k kʷ
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| pʰ tʰ kʰ kʷʰ
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| f θ x xw
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| sʰ z h
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| l r j w/
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| ''Nota Bene:'' The stops and vowels had a wide variety of dialectal realizations, as in Modern Armenian. Some Proto-Azalic dialects had realizations of the stops that are much closer to Proto-Italic; this is reflected in loans from those dialects in English, like ''dream'' <- *troimə (pronounced /drəɨmə/ in the dialect).
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| Vowels: '''e i o u ə é í ó ú oe əɨ eo ou ieu ia ua''' /e i o u ə~ʌ e: i: o: u: oe əɨ eo əu iəu iə uə/ + offglides in -i; allophonic Open Syllable Lengthening
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| Reflexes:
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| *oi > uə
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| *iH > i:
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| *ei > oe, sometimes iə
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| *ē > e:
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| *e, i > e, i
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| *uH > eo (u: in some words)
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| *u > u (needs umlaut)
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| *ou > əɨ
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| *eu > əɨ (iəu in some words)
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| *o > o (needs umlaut)
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| *oH, ô, eh2, eh3 > əu
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| *enC > oeC
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| *onC > əuC
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| *nC > eoC
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| h1oinos, dwoh1, treyes, kwetwores, penkwe, sweks, septm, oktōw, h₁néwn̥, deḱm
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| -> xuən, təu, tʰriə~tʰre:, pʰoþur, pʰoəxw, seks, sefn, oxʰtəu, nəɨn, texn~te:n
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| huon, tou, thré, phoṫur, phoeq̇, secs, seṗn, ohtou, nəɨn, teċn/tén
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| h₃nómṇ > *nomə > L-MidE ''name'' > ''name''
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| ==Morphology==
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| ===Nouns===
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| Proto-Azalic had a highly eroded case system. The notation (i) denotes "i-umlaut" or a j-offglide on the nucleus.
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| *dir. -0, (i)
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| *voc. (i), (i)
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| *obl. (i)~(i)-ə~ə, -su~-ṡu
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| *gen I. -is, (i)-is~-ə
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| *gen II. -in, (i)-in
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| *lat. -ther, (no pl)
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | ''vəlqh'' 'wolf'
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Nominative
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| | ''vəlqh'' || ''vəilqh''
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| |-
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| ! Vocative
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| | ''vəilqh'' || ''vəilqh''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''vəlqhis'' || ''vəilqhsi, vəlqhə''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive II
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| | ''vəlqhin'' || ''vəilqhin''
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| |-
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| ! Oblique
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| | ''vəilqhə'' || ''vəilqhsu''
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| |-
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| ! Lative
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| | ''vəlqhthir'' || ''-''
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| |}
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | ''qenə'' 'lady; wife'
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Nominative
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| | ''qenə'' || ''qenəh''
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| |-
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| ! Vocative
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| | ''qenə'' || ''qenəh''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''qenəis'' || ''qenə''
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| |-
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| ! Oblique
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| | ''qenə'' || ''qenəṡu''
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| |-
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| ! Lative
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| | ''qenəthir'' || ''-''
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| |}
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | ''ghous'' 'goose'
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Nominative
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| | ''ghous'' || ''ghouis''
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| |-
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| ! Vocative
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| | ''ghouis'' || ''ghouis''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''ghousəis'' || ''ghouisi(s), ghousə''
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| |-
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| ! Oblique
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| | ''ghouis'' || ''ghoussu''
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| |-
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| ! Lative
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| | ''ghousthir'' || ''-''
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| |}
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| ===Adjectives===
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| Adjectives were uninflected, because they were split off from adjective-noun compounds.
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| ===Pronouns===
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| The conjunctive pronouns were used as pronominal subjects in unmarked sentences. The disjunctive pronouns were used as direct, indirect or prepositional objects and in sentences such as:
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| *''It est mé'' "It's me".
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| *''ne jú'' 'not you'
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| *''Mé, iċ oil chuamə.'' 'Me, I'm going home.'
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
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| ! rowspan=2 | || rowspan=2 | 1sg. || colspan=2 | 2 (number neutral) || colspan=2 | 3sg. proximal animate || rowspan=2 | 3sg. proximal inanimate || rowspan=2 | 1pl. || rowspan="2" | 3sg. distal animate; 3pl || colspan=2 | interr.
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| |-
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| ! neutral || rude || 'he' || 'she' || 'who' || 'what'
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| |-
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| ! Conjunctive
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| | ''iċ'' || ''júh'' || ''ṫú'' || ''cheh'' || ''sí'' || ''it, 't'' || ''wia'' || ''ṫoeh'' || ''qhú'' || ''qhot''
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| |-
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| ! Disjunctive
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| | ''mé'' || ''jú'' || ''ṫé'' || ''chem'' || ''chéh'' || ''it, 't'' || ''əs'' || ''ṫem'' || ''qhúm'' || ''qhot''
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| |-
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| ! Possessive
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| | ''moenə'' || ''juṡə'' || ''ṫoenə'' || ''cheis'' || ''chéṡə'' || ''eis'' || ''eoṡə'' || ''ṫoeṡə'' || colspan="2" | ''qhois''
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| |}
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| ===Verbs===
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| -eh2ti > -ə; -yeti, -eyeti > (i)-ə
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| The original PIE personal affixes were lost. When the subject was nominal singular, "he", "she" or "it", the suffix ''-se'' (from PIE *swe) was required for verbal agreement. The 2sg and 3sg distal pronouns were number neutral so they didn't take ''-se''.
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| The different forms were:
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| *Imperative (source of English imperative): non-past without any endings
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| *Nonpast (the source of the English present): e-grade or otherwise the unmarked form of the verb
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| *Past: PIE reduplicated perfect or root aorist
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| *Irrealis (source of the English subjunctive, including ''were''): sigmatic future.
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| *Stative (the source of the English past): a tenseless form like the Akkadian stative. Originally a deverbal noun; formed with the o-grade (deriving nouns in PIE) for strongs, -ṫ from -tús (with random voicing) for weaks, (i)-ə from -ih2 for semistrongs. It was not a true finite verb form so it didn't take ''-se''.
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| **Some modal verbs in English, such as ''can, will, shall, may, must, ought'', come from statives and thus are called stative-present verbs.
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| *Active participle: -ənt
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| **''-ənt-qhe'' became the present progressive ''-ing'' in English.
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| *Passive participle (source of English past participle): zero-grade with -n from -nós, or -dh from -tós
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| Proto-Azalic had at least three distinct verb paradigms:
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| *The weak verbs became the English weaks
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| *The strong verbs became the non-class 7 strongs in English (e.g. ''bind'')
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| *The semistrong verbs became the class 7 strongs such as ''fall, hold, grow, know''
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
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| |+Verb conjugation
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px;" |
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Weak: ''luṗə'' 'love'
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Strong: ''bhendh'' 'bind'
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Semistrong: ''choldh'' 'grasp'
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| |-
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| ! Imperative
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| | ''luṗə'' || ''bhendh'' || ''choldh''
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| |-
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| ! Nonpast
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| | ''luṗə(-se)'' || ''bhendh(-se)'' || ''choldh(-se)''
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| |-
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| ! Past
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| | ''leluṗə(-se)'' || ''bhəndh(-se)'' || ''cechəldh(-se)''
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| |-
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| ! Irrealis
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| | ''luṗəṡə(-se), luṗəh(-se)'' || ''bhendhəṡə(-se), bhendhəh(-se)'' || ''choldhəṡə(-se), choldhəh(-se)''
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| |-
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| ! Stative
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| | ''luṗəṫ'' || ''bhondh'' || ''choildhə''
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| |-
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| ! Active part.
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| | ''luṗənt'' || ''bhəndhənt'' || ''choldhənt''
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| |-
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| ! Passive part.
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| | ''luṗədh'' || ''bhəndhən'' || ''choldhən''
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| |}
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| ==Syntax==
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| ===Constituent order===
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| *SVO, VSO in questions or for emphasis
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| *Prepositions over postpositions
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| *Adjectives and genitives before nouns; relative clauses after nouns.
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| *No accusative-infinitive
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| The English accusative and infinitive construction doesn't come from PAzal; it is a result of substrate influence from Mixolydian.
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| [[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:Azalic languages|*]][[Category:Lõis]] | |