Kyravar Maři: Difference between revisions

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'''Kyravar Maři''' is a Dravidian language spoken in [[User:IlL/Lõis|Lõis]]'s Balkans and Austria.
'''Kyravar Mazhi''' is a Dravidian language spoken in [[Lõis]]'s Balkans. For a while it evolved in a sprachbund with eastern dialects of Glommish.


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==History==
Kyravar Maři is a descendant of Old Tamil which emerged from a Chola era settlement in the Balkans.
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Orthography===
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*p t ʈ k = p t ť k
*p t ʈ k = p t ť k
*m n ɳ ŋ = m n ň ng
*m n ɳ ŋ = m n ň ng
*f θ s ʂ~ʐ x = f þ s ř h
*f θ s ʂ~ʐ x = v þ s zh h
*j r l ɭ = j r l ľ
*j r l ɭ w = j r l ľ ł


Kyravar Maři consonants come in broad/slender pairs like Irish and Russian but unlike Tamil.
Kyravar Maři consonants come in broad/slender pairs unlike Tamil. The slender counterparts of /k ŋ x/ are /c ɲ ç/; retroflexes do not palatalize.


{|class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="text-align:center"
{|class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="text-align:center"
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| {{IPA|k}}
| {{IPA|k}}
|-
|-
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!colspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| {{IPA|f~v}} || {{IPA|fʲ~vʲ}}
| {{IPA|f}} || {{IPA|fʲ}}
| {{IPA|θ}} || {{IPA|θʲ}}
| {{IPA|θ}} || {{IPA|θʲ}}
| {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|ɕ}}
| {{IPA|s}} || {{IPA|ɕ}}
|rowspan="2"| {{IPA|ʂ~ʐ}}
| {{IPA|ʂ~ʐ}}
| {{IPA|ç}}
| {{IPA|ç}}
| {{IPA|x}}
| {{IPA|x}}
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| {{IPA|v}} || {{IPA|vʲ}}
| ||
| ||
|
|
|-
|-
!colspan=2| Trill
!colspan=2| Trill
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|-
|-
!colspan=2| Approximant
!colspan=2| Approximant
| ||
| {{IPA|w}} ||
| {{IPA|ɫ}} ||  
| ||  
| || {{IPA|lʲ}}
| || {{IPA|l}}
| {{IPA|ɭ}}
| {{IPA|ɭ}}
| {{IPA|j}} ||
| {{IPA|j}} ||
|}
|}
====Eclipsis====
{{PAGENAME}} has eclipsis, where initial ''p, t, ť, k'' becomes ''m-p, n-t, ň-ť, ng-k''. For words beginning with a vowel, ''n-'' is added.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
{{PAGENAME}} has two short and three long vowels.
*i, y, e, a = ʲɨ, ɨ, ʲa, a
*i, y, e, a = ʲɨ, ɨ, ʲa, a
*aa = á
*aa = á
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*uu = ú
*uu = ú
*ʲuu = jú
*ʲuu = jú
===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====
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* ''maram'' 'tree', ''marángaľ'' 'trees'
* ''maram'' 'tree', ''marángaľ'' 'trees'
* ''mannar'' 'king', ''mannarkaľ'' 'kings'
* ''mannar'' 'king', ''mannarkaľ'' 'kings'
* ''vaři'' 'path', ''vařikaľ'' 'paths'
* ''vazhi'' 'path', ''vazhikaľ'' 'paths'
* ''illam'' 'house', ''illángaľ'' 'houses'
* ''illam'' 'house', ''illángaľ'' 'houses'
* ''yňmý'', ''právta'' 'truth'; ''yňmýkaľ'', ''právtakaľ'' 'truths'
* ''yňmý'', ''právta'' 'truth'; ''yňmýkaľ'', ''právtakaľ'' 'truths'
* ''úplaka'' 'cloud', ''úplakakaľ'' 'clouds'
* ''úplaka'' 'cloud', ''úplakakaľ'' 'clouds'


To form the genitive case, the final consonant is slenderized, and then the following (possessed) noun undergoes eclipsis if the possessor is singular: ''mannar n-illam'' 'the king's house'.
To form the genitive case, the final consonant is slenderized, and then the following (possessed) noun undergoes eclipsis if the possessor is singular: ''mannarı n-illam'' 'the king's house'.
 
===Articles===
The definite article in Kyravar Maři is ''i / in''.


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
Kyravar Maři is VSO.
===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
===Verb phrase===
===Verb phrase===
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# iryvattámaty
# iryvattámaty


The multiples of 10 from 30 to 100 are: ''muppaty'' (30), ''njáspaty'' (40), ''ýmaty'' (50), ''arvaty'' (60), ''júřvaty'' (70), ''eňpaty'' (80), ''tyľpaty'' (90), ''núry'' (100).
The multiples of 10 from 30 to 110 are: ''muppaty'' (30), ''njáspaty'' (40), ''ýmaty'' (50), ''arvaty'' (60), ''júřvaty'' (70), ''eňpaty'' (80), ''tyľpaty'' (90), ''pámaty'' (100), ''pannarvaty'' (110).
 
Higher powers of 10 are borrowed from Hebrew: ''elyf'' (1000), ''ryvavá'' (10000).


''
''
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[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]
[[Category:Dravidian languages]]
[[Category:Conlangs]]
[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Lõis]]

Latest revision as of 13:42, 14 May 2023

Kyravar Mazhi is a Dravidian language spoken in Lõis's Balkans. For a while it evolved in a sprachbund with eastern dialects of Glommish.


Introduction

History

Kyravar Maři is a descendant of Old Tamil which emerged from a Chola era settlement in the Balkans.

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

consonants:

  • p t ʈ k = p t ť k
  • m n ɳ ŋ = m n ň ng
  • f θ s ʂ~ʐ x = v þ s zh h
  • j r l ɭ w = j r l ľ ł

Kyravar Maři consonants come in broad/slender pairs unlike Tamil. The slender counterparts of /k ŋ x/ are /c ɲ ç/; retroflexes do not palatalize.

Kyravar Maři consonant phonemes
Labial Dental Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar
plain pal. plain pal. plain pal.
Nasal m mʲ n̪ nʲ ɳ ɲ ŋ
Stop p pʲ t̪ tɕ ʈ c k
Fricative f~v fʲ~vʲ θ θʲ s ɕ ʂ~ʐ ç x
Trill r rʲ
Approximant w l ɭ j

Eclipsis

Kyravar Maři has eclipsis, where initial p, t, ť, k becomes m-p, n-t, ň-ť, ng-k. For words beginning with a vowel, n- is added.

Vowels

Kyravar Maři has two short and three long vowels.

  • i, y, e, a = ʲɨ, ɨ, ʲa, a
  • aa = á
  • ʲaa = já
  • ii = ý
  • ʲii = í
  • uu = ú
  • ʲuu = jú

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

The plural suffix can be -kaľ or -ngaľ.

  • maram 'tree', marángaľ 'trees'
  • mannar 'king', mannarkaľ 'kings'
  • vazhi 'path', vazhikaľ 'paths'
  • illam 'house', illángaľ 'houses'
  • yňmý, právta 'truth'; yňmýkaľ, právtakaľ 'truths'
  • úplaka 'cloud', úplakakaľ 'clouds'

To form the genitive case, the final consonant is slenderized, and then the following (possessed) noun undergoes eclipsis if the possessor is singular: mannarı n-illam 'the king's house'.

Articles

The definite article in Kyravar Maři is i / in.

Syntax

Constituent order

Kyravar Maři is VSO.

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Numbers

  1. áry
  2. jáňťy
  3. múry
  4. njángy
  5. ýny
  6. ýnary
  7. júřy
  8. jaťťy
  9. ámaty
  10. patty
  11. pannary
  12. pannjáňťy
  13. pammúry
  14. pannjángy
  15. pannýny
  16. pannýnary
  17. pannjúřy
  18. pannjaťťy
  19. pannámaty
  20. iryvaty
  21. iryvattary
  22. iryvattjáňťy
  23. iryvattimúry
  24. iryvattinjángy
  25. iryvattýny
  26. iryvattýnary
  27. iryvattjúřy
  28. iryvattjaťťy
  29. iryvattámaty

The multiples of 10 from 30 to 110 are: muppaty (30), njáspaty (40), ýmaty (50), arvaty (60), júřvaty (70), eňpaty (80), tyľpaty (90), pámaty (100), pannarvaty (110).

Example texts

Other resources

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