User:MIGUELbM/Muna v2.8: Difference between revisions

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| n
| n
| [ŋ]
| [ŋ]
|  
| [ɴ]
|-
|-
!Stop
!Stop

Revision as of 21:28, 5 March 2015

Phonology

Phonemic Inventory

Consonants
Labial Coronal Dorsal Glottal
Nasal m n [ŋ] [ɴ]
Stop p t k [ʔ]
Fricative f β s ð ɣ h [ɦ]
Flap or tap ɾ
Lateral app. l

Consonants between brackets are only allophonic.

Vowel Inventory

  Front Near- front Central Near- back Back
Close
Blank vowel trapezoid.svg
i
u
e
ə̥
o
a
  Near-close
Close-mid
Mid
Open-mid
Near-open
Open

Syllable Structure

(C1)V(C2)

  • C1: a consonant other than /ɾ l s n/
  • C2: one of /ɾ l s n/
  • V: a vowel

Allophony

  • [n] assimilate in place of articulation to following consonants
  • [h] become voiced [ɦ] between voiced vowels
  • [ə̥] are assimilated into aspiration after stops [p t k]
  • [ə̥] become [ʔ] word-initially
  • [ə̥] become [ɦ] between vowels

Orthography

Nouns

Affixes
Function Use
Number Singulative Indicates a single instance of a mass noun
Plural
Plurative
Indicates multiple instances of countable and mass nouns
Cases Nominative Indicates the agent of a verb
Absolutive Indicates the direct object of a verb
Genitive Indicates relationship or possesion
Dative
Benefactive
Indicates the indirect object of a sentence or the beneficiary of the action
Instrumental Indicates an instrument or tool used to perform the action
Comitative With something
Abessive Without something
Locative Indicates place or time of the action

Verbs

Tenses
Second affix
None Past Present Future
First
affix
None Gnomic Past perfective Present perfective Future perfective
Past Past perfective Past retrospective
Distant past
Past continuous Past prospective
Present Present perfective Present retrospective Present continuous Present prospective
Future Future perfective Future retrospective Future continuous Future prospective
Distant future

Particles

Numbers

Morphosyntax

It's an active-stative language

Main word order is VSO, tends to be head initial.

Relative clauses