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→‎r/n-Stems (“Heteroclitic Nouns”)
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| slêp-'''∅'''
| slêp-'''∅'''
| slêp-'''os'''
| slêp-'''os'''
| slêp-'''oru''
| slêp-'''oru'''
| slêp-'''ᴍ'''
| slêp-'''ᴍ'''
| slêp-'''ɴs'''
| slêp-'''ɴs'''
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Stems which end in –baz or –daz in Proto-Germanic become unvoiced in the nominative and accusative singular in Valthungian. Specifically, ba-stems end in '''f''' in the nominative and accusative, and '''v''' elsewhere.
Stems which end in –baz or –daz in Proto-Germanic become unvoiced in the nominative and accusative singular in Valthungian. Specifically, ba-stems end in '''f''' in the nominative and accusative, and '''v''' elsewhere.
Historically, the Valthungian ba-stems also include the fa-stems, while the da-stems include the þa-stems, which have come to follow the same voicing patterns.
Historically, the Valthungian ba-stems also include the fa-stems, while the da-stems include the þa-stems, which have come to follow the same voicing patterns.
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|vluf|vluv|wolf}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|wluf|wluv|wolf}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|draf|drav|job}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|mōþ|mōð|disposition}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.a|mōþ|mōð|disposition}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|draf|drav|job}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|wroþ|wroð|word}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.a|vroþ|vroð|word}}
 
=====ga-stems=====
Masculine a–stems ending in –gaz deviate from the rest of the standards only in the nominative singular, in which *–gaz becomes Gothic and Griutungi –gs, and later –gz and finally –ǧ.
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.ga|da|daǧ|day}}


*ba-stems (vlufs, hlafs) (historically includes fa-stems) - f in nom and acc sg; v elsewhere
=====ha-stems=====
*da-stems (mōþs, ǣþs) (historically includes þa-stems) - þ in nom and acc sg; ð elsewhere
ha-stems (skōfs) nom & acc sg have f; gu elsewhere
*ga-stems (breǧ, daǧ) nom. sg. has -ǧ instead of **-gs
======iha-stems======
*ha-stems (skōfs) nom & acc sg have f; gu elsewhere
iha-stems (slīs) it gets weird...
**iha-stems (slīs) it gets weird...
=====ma-stems=====
*ma-stems (drǭms, ǣðums) - no metathesis in dative plural
ma-stems (drǭms, ǣðums) - no metathesis in dative plural
*mba-stems (lams) - b is dropped in nom and acc sg
=====mba-stems=====
*na-stems (himins, lapins) - no metathesis in dative or accusative plural
mba-stems (lams) - b is dropped in nom and acc sg
*nda-stems (hunǧ, ganǧ) nom. sg. has -nǧ instead of **-nds
=====na-stems=====
*ra-stems (wer, bēr) - no nominative singular -s
na-stems (himins, lapins) - no metathesis in dative or accusative plural
*sa-stems (drus, ams) - no nominative singular -s
=====nda-stems=====
*za-stems (mims, gǣs) - s in nom and acc; ž elsewhere, no nominative singular -s
nda-stems (hunǧ, ganǧ) nom. sg. has -nǧ instead of **-nds
*geminate-stems (puls, swams) single sonorant in nom and acc sg; extended syllabic reflex elsewhere
=====ra-stems=====
*syllabic stems (bagmas, naglas) - no metathesis, -a(-) gets added where necessary
ra-stems (wer, bēr) - no nominative singular -s
**syllabic ra-stems (þundra, naðra) - syllabic, also no nominative singular -s
=====sa-stems=====
sa-stems (drus, ams) - no nominative singular -s
=====za-stems=====
za-stems (mims, gǣs) - s in nom and acc; ž elsewhere, no nominative singular -s
=====geminate-stems=====
geminate-stems (puls, swams) single sonorant in nom and acc sg; extended syllabic reflex elsewhere
=====syllabic stems=====
syllabic stems (bagmas, naglas) - no metathesis, -a(-) gets added where necessary
======syllabic ra-stems======
syllabic ra-stems (þundra, naðra) - syllabic, also no nominative singular -s


===ja-Stems===
===ja-Stems===
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==r-Stems (all genders)==
==r-Stems (all genders)==
The r-stems are a very small class of nouns consisting of family members. Here is the full list:
The r-stems are a very small class of nouns consisting of family members. Here is the full list:
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.m.r|fað|feð|father}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|brōð|brœuð|brother}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.f.r|mōð|mœuð|mother}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.n.r|ǧūt|ǧut|grandchild}}
{{Template:Valthungian/n.st.n.r|ǧut|ǧut|grandchild}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|dǭt|dœ̄t|daughter}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|þjūst|þjūst|granddaughter (son’s daughter)}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|þjūt|þjūt|grandson (son’s son)}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|mōð|mœuð|mother}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.n.r|swǣ|swǣ|parent-in-law}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.f.r|swist|swist|sister}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|tǣk|tǣk|brother-in-law (spouse’s brother)}}
{{Template: Valthungian/n.st.m.r|fað|feð|father}}<!--
NB: ǧūtra and swǣra - blurb about neuter r-stems
Link to page for kinship terms.
Create Page about kinship terms.-->


==n-Stems (all genders)==
==n-Stems (all genders)==
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The r/n-stems, also known as “heteroclitic nouns” or “heteroclites,” are a small group of weak neuter nouns in which the typical -n- of the ending is replaced by -r- in some declensions. This is and old, ''old'' relic likely from Pre-Indo-European. Heteroclites were not present in Gothic. They are all somewhat irregular, but there are just three of them:
The r/n-stems, also known as “heteroclitic nouns” or “heteroclites,” are a small group of weak neuter nouns in which the typical -n- of the ending is replaced by -r- in some declensions. This is and old, ''old'' relic likely from Pre-Indo-European. Heteroclites were not present in Gothic. They are all somewhat irregular, but there are just three of them:
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;"
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: ǧikur#Valthungian|ǧikur]]'' ‘liver’
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: žikur#Valthungian|žikur]]'' ‘liver’
|-
|-
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n
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|-
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular'''
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular'''
|ǧikur
|žikur
|ǧikuns
|žikuns
|ǧikun
|žikun
|ǧikun
|žikun
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural'''
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural'''
|ǧikuna
|žikuna
|ǧikunaro
|žikunaro
|ǧikum
|žikum
|ǧikuna
|žikuna
|}
|}


{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;"
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="text-align: center;"
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: fōr#Valthungian|fōr]]'' ‘fire’
! colspan=5| Weak Neuter r/n-Stem Noun: ''[[Contionary: fǭr#Valthungian|fǭr]]'' ‘fire’
|-
|-
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n
! width=150|n.wk.n.r/n
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|-
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular'''
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Singular'''
|fōr
|fǭr
|funins
|funins
|funin
|funin
|fōn
|fǭn
|-
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural'''
| style="text-align: right;" | '''Plural'''
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