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Hara: Difference between revisions
→Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)
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*/N/ + /p, β/ > /mb/ | */N/ + /p, β/ > /mb/ | ||
*/N/ + /k, ɰ/ > /ŋɡ/ | */N/ + /k, ɰ/ > /ŋɡ/ | ||
*/N/ + /j/ > / | <!--*/N/ + /j/ > /ɲɟ/--> | ||
*/N/ + / | */N/ + /c, j/ > /ɲɟ/ | ||
*/N/ before vowel, /h/ | */N/ before vowel > /ɲ/ (before front vowels), /ŋ/ (otherwise) | ||
*/N/ before /h/ or /ʔ/ > /ŋ/ | |||
*/N/ + /w/ > /ŋʷ/ | */N/ + /w/ > /ŋʷ/ | ||
*/N/ + nasal > geminated nasal | */N/ + nasal > geminated nasal | ||
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*/j/ > /cː/ | */j/ > /cː/ | ||
*/w/ > /kʷː/ | */w/ > /kʷː/ | ||
Before a vowel, the gemination is replaced with /t/. | |||
====Lenition==== | ====Lenition==== | ||
In leniting environments, the following mutations occur: | In leniting environments, the following mutations occur: | ||
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--> | --> | ||
====Definiteness==== | ====Definiteness==== | ||
The definite article is ''- | The definite article is ''-ràà'' attached after the case ending<!--, which is repeated after the article with a low tone. In other words, the full suffix is: | ||
*''-rù'': nominative | *''-rù'': nominative | ||
*''-rà'': accusative | *''-rà'': accusative | ||
*''-rì'': genitive | *''-rì'': genitive-->. | ||
====Genitive phrase==== | ====Genitive phrase==== | ||
A genitive phrase can be formed simply by putting the posessor in the genitive case. | A genitive phrase can be formed simply by putting the posessor in the genitive case. | ||
Alternatively, the posessor can be preceded with the particle ''tù'' ( | Alternatively, the posessor can be preceded with the particle ''tù'' (which becomes ''tà'' in the accusative, ''tì'' in the genitive). This particle can be used on its own, completely replacing the posessee. | ||
====Negation==== | ====Negation==== | ||
Negation of nouns is accomplished with the prefix ''lee-''. | |||
====Noun derivation==== | ====Noun derivation==== | ||
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===Adjectives=== | ===Adjectives=== | ||
Adjectives are declined similarly to nouns and agree with the modified noun in number and case. | Adjectives are declined similarly to nouns and agree with the modified noun in number and case. | ||
===Personal pronouns=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | |||
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| !! rowspan="2"| Independent subject !! colspan="3" | Clitic<!-- !! rowspan="2"| Comments--> | |||
|- | |||
! Imperfect subject !! Perfect subject !! Non-subject | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="5" | Singular | |||
! 1 | |||
| nii | |||
| n(i)- | |||
| -éé | |||
| -nii | |||
|- | |||
! 2M | |||
| ndaa | |||
| t(i)- | |||
| -aqáá | |||
| -qaa | |||
|- | |||
! 2F | |||
| ndii | |||
| t(i)-ii- | |||
| -ayíí | |||
| -yii | |||
|- | |||
! 3M | |||
| huu | |||
| y(i)- | |||
| -óó | |||
| -huu | |||
|- | |||
! 3F | |||
| haa | |||
| y(i)-ii- | |||
| -áá | |||
| -haa | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="5" | Plural | |||
! 1 | |||
| niinaa | |||
| n(i)-uu- | |||
| -anáá | |||
| -naa | |||
|- | |||
! 2M | |||
| ndumuu | |||
| t(i)-uu- | |||
| -aqumúú | |||
| -qumuu | |||
|- | |||
! 2F | |||
| ndiinaa | |||
| t(i)-aa- | |||
| -ayináá | |||
| -yinaa | |||
|- | |||
! 3M | |||
| humuu | |||
| y(i)-uu- | |||
| -oomúú | |||
| -humuu | |||
|- | |||
! 3F | |||
| hiinaa | |||
| y(i)-aa- | |||
| -eenáá | |||
| -hinaa | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
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==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. --> | <!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. --> | ||
===Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)=== | |||
<!--Kuťťu tù sàvaari --> | |||
==Other resources== | ==Other resources== | ||
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | ||