Talk:Ranic languages: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 133: Line 133:


===Weak paradigm: I-*m/n===
===Weak paradigm: I-*m/n===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="4" | ''jętén'' 'give'
|-
! colspan="4" | Infinitive/Verbal noun
|-
| colspan="4" | ''tęc''
|-
! colspan="4" | Present participle
|-
| colspan="4" | ''naten''
|-
! colspan="4" | Stative passive participle
|-
| colspan="4" | ''notyn''
|-
! colspan="4" | Past participle
|-
| colspan="4" | ''noton''
|-
! colspan="4" | Imperative
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 2.m
| ''ten!''
|rowspan="2"| ''tna!'' || ''tny!''
|-
! 2.f
| ''tni!'' || ''tenno!''
|-
! colspan="4" | Present
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1
| ''bektli'' || ''bektolna'' || ''bektolny''
|-
! 2.m
| ''bektlok''
|rowspan="2"| ''bektolkma'' || ''bektolkmy''
|-
! 2.f
| ''bektloč'' || ''bektolkno''
|-
! 3.m
| ''bektlu''
|rowspan="2"| ''bektolma'' || ''bektolmy''
|-
! 3.f
| ''bektla'' || ''bektolno''
|-
! colspan="4" | Subjunctive
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1
| ''noktol'' || ''noktla'' || ''noktly''
|-
! 2.m
| ''toktol''
|rowspan="2"| ''toktla'' || ''toktly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''toktli'' || ''toktolno''
|-
! 3.m
| ''jektol''
|rowspan="2"| ''jektla'' || ''jektly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''jektli'' || ''jektolno''
|-
! colspan="4" | Imperfect
|-
| colspan="4"| ''Add ''fo-'' to present tense forms.''
|-
! colspan="4" | Preterite
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1
| ''noktól'' || ''noktóla'' || ''noktóly''
|-
! 2.m
| ''toktól''
|rowspan="2"| ''toktóla'' || ''toktóly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''toktóli'' || ''toktólno''
|-
! 3.m
| ''jektól''
|rowspan="2"| ''jektóla'' || ''jektóly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''jektóli'' || ''jektólno''
|-
! colspan="4" | Future I
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1
| ''de noktol'' || ''de noktla'' || ''de noktly''
|-
! 2.m
| ''de toktol''
|rowspan="2"| ''de toktla'' || ''de toktly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''de toktli'' || ''de toktolno''
|-
! 3.m
| ''de jektol''
|rowspan="2"| ''de jektla'' || ''de jektly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''de jektli'' || ''de jektolno''
|-
! colspan="4" | Future II
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''de nočon kotol''|| ''de nočona kotla'' || ''de nočony kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''de nočon kotla'' || ''de nočona kotlota'' || ''de nočony kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''de točon kotol'' || ''de točona kotla'' || ''de točony kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''de točoni kotla''|| ''de točona kotlota'' || ''de točonno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''de ječon kotol'' || ''de ječona kotla'' || ''de ječony kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''de ječoni kotla''|| ''de ječona kotlota'' ||  ''de ječonno kotlác''
|-
! colspan="4" | Perfect
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''nák kotol'' || ''nána kotla'' || ''nány kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''nák kotla'' || ''nána kotlota'' || ''nány kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''ǫto kotol'' || ''ǫtma kotla'' || ''ǫtmy kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''ǫc kotla'' || ''ǫtma kotlota'' || ''ǫtno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''(hy) kotol'' || ''(homa) kotla'' || ''(homy) kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''(hi) kotla'' || ''(homa) kotlota'' || ''(hen) kotlác''
|-
! colspan="4" | Pluperfect
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''nočyn kotol'' || ''nočyna kotla'' || ''nočyny kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''nočyn kotla'' || ''nočyna kotlota'' || ''nočyny kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''točyn kotol'' || ''točyna kotla'' || ''točyny kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''točyni kotla'' || ''točyna kotlota'' || ''točynno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''ječyn kotol'' || ''ječyna kotla'' || ''ječyny kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''ječyni kotla'' || ''ječyna kotlota'' || ''ječynno kotlác''
|}


===Weak paradigm: I-*w===
===Weak paradigm: I-*w===

Revision as of 18:04, 6 April 2015

G-stems: joktol

Regular (strong) paradigm

kotlec, ktol, joktol, kotol, katel 'kill'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
kotlec
Participle
katel
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ktol! ktola! ktoly!
2.f ktoli! ktolno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktol noktla noktly
2.m toktol toktla toktly
2.f toktli toktolno
3.m joktol joktla joktly
3.f joktli joktolno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 kotolok kotolna kotolny
2.m kotolot kotoltma kotoltmy
2.f kotoloc kotoltna
3.m kotol kotola kotoly
3.f kotola kotolota kotolno

Weak paradigm: I-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens before the second radical.

ocíc, ci, jóci, ocě, ací 'come'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
ocíc
Participle
ací
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ci! cě! cý!
2.f cí! cino!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóci nócě nócý
2.m tóci tócě tócý
2.f tócí tócino
3.m jóci jócě jócý
3.f jócí jócino
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 ocěk ocěna ocěny
2.m ocět ocětma ocětmy
2.f ocěc ocětna
3.m ocě ocá ocý
3.f ocá ocáta ocěno

Weak paradigm: I-*m/n

jętén 'give'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
tęc
Present participle
naten
Stative passive participle
notyn
Past participle
noton
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ten! tna! tny!
2.f tni! tenno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 bektli bektolna bektolny
2.m bektlok bektolkma bektolkmy
2.f bektloč bektolkno
3.m bektlu bektolma bektolmy
3.f bektla bektolno
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktol noktla noktly
2.m toktol toktla toktly
2.f toktli toktolno
3.m jektol jektla jektly
3.f jektli jektolno
Imperfect
Add fo- to present tense forms.
Preterite
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktól noktóla noktóly
2.m toktól toktóla toktóly
2.f toktóli toktólno
3.m jektól jektóla jektóly
3.f jektóli jektólno
Future I
Singular Dual Plural
1 de noktol de noktla de noktly
2.m de toktol de toktla de toktly
2.f de toktli de toktolno
3.m de jektol de jektla de jektly
3.f de jektli de jektolno
Future II
Singular Dual Plural
1.m de nočon kotol de nočona kotla de nočony kotly
1.f de nočon kotla de nočona kotlota de nočony kotlác
2.m de točon kotol de točona kotla de točony kotly
2.f de točoni kotla de točona kotlota de točonno kotlác
3.m de ječon kotol de ječona kotla de ječony kotly
3.f de ječoni kotla de ječona kotlota de ječonno kotlác
Perfect
Singular Dual Plural
1.m nák kotol nána kotla nány kotly
1.f nák kotla nána kotlota nány kotlác
2.m ǫto kotol ǫtma kotla ǫtmy kotly
2.f ǫc kotla ǫtma kotlota ǫtno kotlác
3.m (hy) kotol (homa) kotla (homy) kotly
3.f (hi) kotla (homa) kotlota (hen) kotlác
Pluperfect
Singular Dual Plural
1.m nočyn kotol nočyna kotla nočyny kotly
1.f nočyn kotla nočyna kotlota nočyny kotlác
2.m točyn kotol točyna kotla točyny kotly
2.f točyni kotla točyna kotlota točynno kotlác
3.m ječyn kotol ječyna kotla ječyny kotly
3.f ječyni kotla ječyna kotlota ječynno kotlác

Weak paradigm: I-*w

voldec, led, juled, volod, valed 'beget, mother/father'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
voldec
Participle
valed
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m led! leda! ledy!
2.f ledi! ledno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nuled nuleda nuledy
2.m tuled tuleda tuledy
2.f tuledi tuledno
3.m juled juleda juledy
3.f juledi juledno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 volodok volodna volodny
2.m volodot volótma volótmy
2.f volodoc volótno
3.m volod voloda volody
3.f voloda volodota volodno

Hollow-Y

Hollow-W

Weak paradigm: III-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens after the second radical

boróc, bró, jobró, boró, barí 'create, cause'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
boróc
Participle
barí
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m bró! brova! brovy!
2.f broji! bróno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nobró nobrova nobrovy
2.m tobró tobrova tobrovy
2.f tobroji tobróno
3.m jobró jobrova jobrovy
3.f jobroji jobróno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 borók boróna boróny
2.m borót borótma borótmy
2.f boróc borótno
3.m boró borova borovy
3.f borova borovota boróno


šonovec, šní, jošní, šoní, šaní 'be angry at, resent'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
šonovec
Participle
šaní
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m šní! šně! šnevy!
2.f šní! šníno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 ošní nošně nošní
2.m tošní tošně tošnevy
2.f tošní tošníno
3.m jošní jošně jošnevy
3.f jošní jošníno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 šoník šonína šoníny
2.m šonít šonítma šonítmy
2.f šoníc šonítno
3.m šoní šoneja šoneje
3.f šoneja šonejota šoníno

Weak paradigm: III-*j

socíc, sec, josci, socěj, sací 'drink'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
socíc
Present participle
sací
Past participle
socěj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sec! scija! scý!
2.f scí! scino!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 oscej nosceja noscej
2.m toscej tosceja tosceje
2.f toscí toscino
3.m joscej josceja josceje
3.f joscí joscino
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 osci noscija nosci
2.m tosci toscija toscý
2.f toscí toscino
3.m josci joscija joscý
3.f joscí joscino

Weak paradigm: III-*w

monýc, mny, jomny, monu, manev 'count'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
monýc
Participle
manev
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m mny! mnova! mnovy!
2.f mnovi! mnyno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nomny nomnova nomnovy
2.m tomny tomnova tomnovy
2.f tomnovi tomnyno
3.m jomny jomnova jomnovy
3.f jomnovi jomnyno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 monúk monuna monuny
2.m monút monútma monútmy
2.f monúc monútno
3.m monu monova monovy
3.f monova monovota monuno

Weak paradigm: III-*ʕ

smoqec, sma, josma, soma, samea 'hear'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
smoqec
Participle
samea, sameq-
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sma! smaqa! smaqy!
2.f smaqi! smaqno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nosma nosmaqa nosmaqy
2.m tosma tosmaqa tosmaqy
2.f tosmaqi tosmaqno
3.m josma josmaqa josmaqy
3.f josmaqi josmaqno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 somoqok somoqna somoqny
2.m somoqot somoqtma somoqtmy
2.f somoqoc somoqtno
3.m soma somoqa somoqy
3.f somoqa somoqota somoqna

Irregular: ráj 'see'

rájec, ri, jóri, ráj, rěj 'see'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
rájec
Participle
rěj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ri! rě! rý!
2.f rí! rino!
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóri nórě nórý
2.m tóri tórě tórý
2.f tórí tórino
3.m jóri jórě jórý
3.f jórí jórino

N-stems: jǫkotyl

Regular (strong) paradigm

noktylec, ǫkotyl, jǫkotyl, noktyl, mǫkotyl 'be killed'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
noktylec
Participle
mǫkotyl
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫkotyl! ǫkotyla! ǫkotyly!
2.f ǫkotyli! ǫkotylno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫkotyl nǫkotyla nǫkotyly
2.m tǫkotyl tǫkotyla tǫkotyly
2.f tǫkotyli tǫkotylno
3.m jǫkotyl jǫkotyla jǫkotyly
3.f jǫkotyli jǫkotylno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktylok noktylna noktylny
2.m noktylot noktyltma noktyltmy
2.f noktyloc noktyltna
3.m noktyl noktyla noktyly
3.f noktyla noktylota noktylno

Weak paradigm: I-*w

nulydec, ǫvolyd, jǫvolyd, nulyd, mǫvolyd 'be born'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
nulydec
Participle
mǫvolyd
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫvolyd! ǫvolyda! ledy!
2.f ǫvolydi! ǫvolydno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫvolyd nǫvolyda nǫvolydy
2.m tǫvolyd tǫvolyda tǫvolydy
2.f tǫvolydi tǫvolydno
3.m jǫvolyd jǫvolyda jǫvolydy
3.f jǫvolydi jǫvolydno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nulydok nulydna nulydny
2.m nulydot nulýtma nulýtmy
2.f nulydoc nulýtno
3.m nulyd nulyda nulydy
3.f nulyda nulydota nulydno


I-nasal

I-nasal roots trigger compensatory lengthening in combination with the ę- allomorph of the passive prefix because of the geminate *-mm-, *-nn- that resulted.

  • nǫ- instead of *non-
  • é- instead of ę-
  • nó-, tó-, jé- instead of nǫ-, tǫ-, ję-

D-stems: jokótel

ND-stems: jǫkótel

t-stems: ktotel

Št-stems: jostoktol

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Talk:Ranic_languages&oldid=32795"