Eucosmy: Difference between revisions
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{{stub}}{{construction}} | |||
{{Infobox language | {{Infobox language | ||
| image = [[File:Eucosmy.png|300px]] | | image = [[File:Eucosmy.png|300px]] | ||
| imagecaption = Logo of Eucosmy. | | imagecaption = Logo of Eucosmy. | ||
| name = Eucosmy | | name = Eucosmy | ||
| altname = | | altname = Eucosmia | ||
| created = 2021 | |||
| nativename = | | nativename = | ||
| creator = [https://eucosmy.art/creator/ Escha] | | creator = [https://eucosmy.art/creator/ Escha] | ||
| familycolor = Constructed language | | familycolor = Constructed language | ||
| scripts = Latin script | | scripts = Latin script, Euphyte script | ||
| agency = [https://discord.gg/NS2b6QvMyn Eucosmia discord server] | | agency = [https://discord.gg/NS2b6QvMyn Eucosmia discord server] | ||
| notice = IPA | | notice = IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Eucosmy''' is a philosophical auxlang growing on [[w:Cognitive linguistics|cognitive linguistics]]. | '''Eucosmy''' is a philosophical auxlang growing on [[w:Cognitive linguistics|cognitive linguistics]]. It has five main goals, according to the creator Escha<ref>[https://eucosmy.art https://eucosmy.art]</ref>: | ||
# To found a universal literary (especially philosophico-scientific) community to which all human beings, whichever whose native language is, have an equally easiest access. | |||
# To lay the indispensable foundation for a thorough world literature & world philosophy. | |||
# To emancipate the human mind from the irremediable hamperings of the traditional languages: mal-terminology (such as “socialism”), ambiguity (such as “monopoly” in economics), babelism (such as “left”/”right” in politics), sex-partiality & gender-exclusivity (such as “man”, “Mrs.”, “her”, “wife”) etc. | |||
# To enrich the human spirit by assimilating all the positive elements of all the ethnic languages into a common pool. | |||
# To contribute to the cause of world liberty: [[w:Free trade|free trade]], [[w:Free migration|free migration]] and even [[w:Anarchism|anarchical peace]]. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! | |||
! colspan="3" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] !! colspan="3" | [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]] !! colspan="3" | [[w:Alveopalatal consonant|Alveopalatal]] !! colspan="3" | [[w:Postalveolar consonant|Postalveolar]] !! colspan="3" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] !! [[w:Glottal consonant|Glottal]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
| colspan="3" | [[w:Bilabial nasal|m]] || colspan="9" | [[w:Alveolar nasal|n]] || colspan="3" | [[w:Velar nasal|ŋ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Plosive|Plosive]] | |||
| [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || [[w:Aspiration|pʰ]] || [[w:Voiced bilabial stop|b]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]] || [[w:Aspiration|tʰ]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar stop|d]] || colspan="6" | || [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]] || [[w:Aspiration|kʰ]] || [[w:Voiced velar stop|g]] || [[w:Glottal stop|ʔ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Affricate|Affricate]] | |||
| colspan="3" | || [[w:Voiceless alveolar affricate|ʦ]] || [[w:Aspiration|ʦʰ]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar affricate|ʣ]] || [[w:Voiceless alveopalatal affricate|ʨ]] || [[w:Aspiration|ʨʰ]] || [[w:Voiced alveopalatal stop|ʥ]] || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|ʧ]] || [[w:Aspiration|ʧʰ]] || [[w:Voiced postalveolar stop|ʤ]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Fricative|Fricative]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]], [[w:Voiceless alveolar fricative|s]] || [[w:Voiced dental fricative|ð]], [[w:Voiced alveolar fricative|z]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiceless alveopalatal fricative|ɕ]] || [[w:Voiced alveopalatal fricative|ʑ]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]] || [[w:Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ]] || colspan="2" | [[w:Voiceless velar fricative|x]] || [[w:Voiced velar fricative|ɣ]] || [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Liquid consonant|Liquid]] | |||
| colspan="3" | || colspan="9" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]], [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]~[[w:Voiced alveolar approximant|ɹ]] | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
=== | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
==== | ! | ||
==== | ! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]] | ||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Central vowel|Central]] | |||
! colspan="2" | [[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front rounded vowel|y]] | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Close central unrounded vowel|ɨ]]~[[w:Close central rounded vowel|ʉ]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close back unrounded vowel|ɯ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-mid]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|eː]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front rounded vowel|øː]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid unrounded back vowel|ɤː]]|| style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid rounded back vowel|oː]] | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Mid vowel|Mid]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Mid central vowel|ə]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | [[w:Open-mid vowel|Open-mid]] | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open-mid unrounded front vowel|ε]] || style="border-left: 0;" |[[w:Open-mid rounded front vowel|œ]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open-mid unrounded back vowel|ʌ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Open-mid rounded back vowel|ɔ]] | |||
|- | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | εː || style="border-left: 0;" |œː | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| style="border-right: 0;" | ʌː || style="border-left: 0;" | ɔː | |||
|- | |||
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
| colspan="2" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|a]]~[[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]] | |||
| colspan="2" | | |||
|} | |||
*In open-mid vowels, short variants are more realized as retracted and long variants are more realized as more advanced. | |||
===Tones=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! High !! Low !! Falling !! Rising | |||
|- | |||
| ˥ || ˩ || ˥˩ || ˩˥ | |||
|} | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Eucosmy's syllable structure is C(V₁)V(S̥,N,l,r,V₁), V₁ being a high vowel other than /ɨ/. | |||
==Orthography== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! A !! Ä !! AE !! AO !! B !! B’ !! C !! C’ !! CH !! D | |||
|- | |||
| /a/ || /ə/ || /ɛː/ || /ɔː/ || /b/ || /v/ || /k/ || /x/ || /kʰ/ || /d/ | |||
|- | |||
! D’ !! DZ !! DZ’ !! DZH !! E !! Ë !! EA !! EE !! EO !! G | |||
|- | |||
| /ð/ || /ʣ/ || /ʥ/ || /ʤ/ || /ɛ/ || /ʌ/ || /ʌː/ || /eː/ || /ɤː/ || /g/ | |||
|- | |||
! G’ !! H !! I !! Ï !! L !! M !! N !! O !! Ö !! OA | |||
|- | |||
| /ɣ/ || /h/ || /i/ || /ɯ/ || /l/ || /m/ || /n/ || /ɔ/ || /ɶ/ || /ɶː/ | |||
|- | |||
! OE !! OO !! P !! P’ !! PH !! Q !! R !! S !! S’ !! SH | |||
|- | |||
| /øː/ || /oː/ || /p/ || /f/ || /pʰ/ || /ŋ/ || /r/ || /s/ || /ɕ/ || /ʃ/ | |||
|- | |||
! SZ !! SZ’ !! SZH !! T !! T’ !! TH !! TS !! TS’ !! TSH !! U | |||
|- | |||
| /ʦ/ || /ʨ/ || /ʧ/ || /t/ || /θ/ || /tʰ/ || /ʦʰ/ || /ʨʰ/ || /ʧʰ/ || /u/ | |||
|- | |||
! Ü !! Z !! Z’ !! ZH !! ‘ !! _ !! !! = !! < !! > | |||
|- | |||
| /y/ || /z/ || /ʑ/ || /ʒ/ || /ʔ/ || /ɨ/ || /˩/ || /˥/ || /˩˥/ || /˥˩/ | |||
|} | |||
in CV syllables, ⟨‘⟩ or ⟨_⟩ may be omitted. | |||
For the sake of formatting, the rest of this article and other Linguifex pages will use a slightly different orthography: ⟨~, 1, 2, 3⟩ for /ɨ, ˥, ˩˥, ˥˩/. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | |||
Nouns are marked by high tone, except see below. | |||
Definiteness is marked with articles ''‘~'' (indefinite) and ''h~'' (definite). See also [[Eucosmy#Pronouns|Pronouns]]. | |||
====Pronouns==== | |||
Pronouns are as follows. | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! colspan="2" | Demonstrative !! colspan="2" | Personal | |||
|- | |||
! this thing (by speaker) | |||
| iä1 | |||
! 1st person | |||
| ia1 | |||
|- | |||
! that thing (by listener) | |||
| üä1 | |||
! 2nd person | |||
| üa1 | |||
|- | |||
! ? | |||
| ïä1 | |||
! ? | |||
| ïa1 | |||
|- | |||
! that thing (by neither) | |||
| uä1 | |||
! 3rd person | |||
| ua1 | |||
|} | |||
Low tone can be applied to demonstrative and personal pronouns in place of high tone to form demonstrative adjectives and possessive pronouns respectively. This can also be done to articles to form relative pronouns. | |||
===Adjectives=== | |||
Adjectives are marked by rising tone. | |||
When preceding their noun they are attributive, and when following they are predicative. | |||
Adjectives may also function as verbs. | |||
===Verbs=== | |||
Adjectives are marked by falling tone. | |||
Voice is marked with particles ''s~'' (active), ''s’~'' (relative), ''z~'' (passive). | |||
===Adverbs=== | |||
===Adpositions=== | |||
===Numerals=== | |||
Numerals are marked as ordinal by rising tone and cardinal by falling tone. They are as follows (excluding tone marking). | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
! 0 !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 | |||
|- | |||
| ‘ä || ‘i || ‘ee || ‘e || ‘ae | |||
|- | |||
! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 | |||
|- | |||
| ‘a || ‘ao || ‘o || ‘oo || ‘u | |||
|- | |||
! 10¹ !! 10² !! 10³ !! 10⁴ | |||
|- | |||
| ‘ü || ‘oe || ‘ö || ‘oa | |||
|- | |||
! ? !! ? !! ? !! ? | |||
|- | |||
| ‘ï || ‘eo || ‘ë || ‘ea | |||
|} | |||
===Derivational morphology=== | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
Verb order in Eucosmy is free; in active clauses the agent must precede the patient, and in passive clauses the agent must follow the patient. | |||
===Noun phrase=== | ===Noun phrase=== | ||
Adjective may either precede or follow their noun, but with different respective meanings. See [[Eucosmy#Adjectives|Adjectives]]. | |||
===Verb phrase=== | ===Verb phrase=== | ||
===Dependent clauses=== | ===Dependent clauses=== | ||
==Example texts== | ==Example texts== | ||
[[Category:Eucosmy]] | [[Category:Eucosmy language]] | ||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] |
Latest revision as of 08:12, 20 October 2023
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Eucosmy | |
---|---|
Eucosmia | |
Logo of Eucosmy. | |
Created by | Escha |
Date | 2021 |
Latin script, Euphyte script | |
Official status | |
Regulated by | Eucosmia discord server |
Eucosmy is a philosophical auxlang growing on cognitive linguistics. It has five main goals, according to the creator Escha[1]:
- To found a universal literary (especially philosophico-scientific) community to which all human beings, whichever whose native language is, have an equally easiest access.
- To lay the indispensable foundation for a thorough world literature & world philosophy.
- To emancipate the human mind from the irremediable hamperings of the traditional languages: mal-terminology (such as “socialism”), ambiguity (such as “monopoly” in economics), babelism (such as “left”/”right” in politics), sex-partiality & gender-exclusivity (such as “man”, “Mrs.”, “her”, “wife”) etc.
- To enrich the human spirit by assimilating all the positive elements of all the ethnic languages into a common pool.
- To contribute to the cause of world liberty: free trade, free migration and even anarchical peace.
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Dental | Alveopalatal | Postalveolar | Velar | Glottal | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||||||
Plosive | p | pʰ | b | t | tʰ | d | k | kʰ | g | ʔ | ||||||
Affricate | ʦ | ʦʰ | ʣ | ʨ | ʨʰ | ʥ | ʧ | ʧʰ | ʤ | |||||||
Fricative | f | v | θ, s | ð, z | ɕ | ʑ | ʃ | ʒ | x | ɣ | h | |||||
Liquid | l, r~ɹ |
Vowels
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Close | i | y | ɨ~ʉ | ɯ | u | |
Close-mid | eː | øː | ɤː | oː | ||
Mid | ə | |||||
Open-mid | ε | œ | ʌ | ɔ | ||
εː | œː | ʌː | ɔː | |||
Open | a~ɑ |
- In open-mid vowels, short variants are more realized as retracted and long variants are more realized as more advanced.
Tones
High | Low | Falling | Rising |
---|---|---|---|
˥ | ˩ | ˥˩ | ˩˥ |
Phonotactics
Eucosmy's syllable structure is C(V₁)V(S̥,N,l,r,V₁), V₁ being a high vowel other than /ɨ/.
Orthography
A | Ä | AE | AO | B | B’ | C | C’ | CH | D |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/a/ | /ə/ | /ɛː/ | /ɔː/ | /b/ | /v/ | /k/ | /x/ | /kʰ/ | /d/ |
D’ | DZ | DZ’ | DZH | E | Ë | EA | EE | EO | G |
/ð/ | /ʣ/ | /ʥ/ | /ʤ/ | /ɛ/ | /ʌ/ | /ʌː/ | /eː/ | /ɤː/ | /g/ |
G’ | H | I | Ï | L | M | N | O | Ö | OA |
/ɣ/ | /h/ | /i/ | /ɯ/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ɔ/ | /ɶ/ | /ɶː/ |
OE | OO | P | P’ | PH | Q | R | S | S’ | SH |
/øː/ | /oː/ | /p/ | /f/ | /pʰ/ | /ŋ/ | /r/ | /s/ | /ɕ/ | /ʃ/ |
SZ | SZ’ | SZH | T | T’ | TH | TS | TS’ | TSH | U |
/ʦ/ | /ʨ/ | /ʧ/ | /t/ | /θ/ | /tʰ/ | /ʦʰ/ | /ʨʰ/ | /ʧʰ/ | /u/ |
Ü | Z | Z’ | ZH | ‘ | _ | = | < | > | |
/y/ | /z/ | /ʑ/ | /ʒ/ | /ʔ/ | /ɨ/ | /˩/ | /˥/ | /˩˥/ | /˥˩/ |
in CV syllables, ⟨‘⟩ or ⟨_⟩ may be omitted.
For the sake of formatting, the rest of this article and other Linguifex pages will use a slightly different orthography: ⟨~, 1, 2, 3⟩ for /ɨ, ˥, ˩˥, ˥˩/.
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns are marked by high tone, except see below.
Definiteness is marked with articles ‘~ (indefinite) and h~ (definite). See also Pronouns.
Pronouns
Pronouns are as follows.
Demonstrative | Personal | ||
---|---|---|---|
this thing (by speaker) | iä1 | 1st person | ia1 |
that thing (by listener) | üä1 | 2nd person | üa1 |
? | ïä1 | ? | ïa1 |
that thing (by neither) | uä1 | 3rd person | ua1 |
Low tone can be applied to demonstrative and personal pronouns in place of high tone to form demonstrative adjectives and possessive pronouns respectively. This can also be done to articles to form relative pronouns.
Adjectives
Adjectives are marked by rising tone.
When preceding their noun they are attributive, and when following they are predicative.
Adjectives may also function as verbs.
Verbs
Adjectives are marked by falling tone.
Voice is marked with particles s~ (active), s’~ (relative), z~ (passive).
Adverbs
Adpositions
Numerals
Numerals are marked as ordinal by rising tone and cardinal by falling tone. They are as follows (excluding tone marking).
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
‘ä | ‘i | ‘ee | ‘e | ‘ae |
5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
‘a | ‘ao | ‘o | ‘oo | ‘u |
10¹ | 10² | 10³ | 10⁴ | |
‘ü | ‘oe | ‘ö | ‘oa | |
? | ? | ? | ? | |
‘ï | ‘eo | ‘ë | ‘ea |
Derivational morphology
Syntax
Constituent order
Verb order in Eucosmy is free; in active clauses the agent must precede the patient, and in passive clauses the agent must follow the patient.
Noun phrase
Adjective may either precede or follow their noun, but with different respective meanings. See Adjectives.