User:MIGUELbM/Muna v2.8: Difference between revisions
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===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
{{Muna_Phonotactics}} | {{Muna_Phonotactics}} | ||
'''Initial (ι)''' | |||
* Initials are optional word-initially and mandatory elsewhere | |||
* Can’t have the same manner of articulation as a preceding coda | |||
'''Medial (μ)''' | |||
* Medials re optional | |||
* Liquids are only allowed after stops or fricatives | |||
* /s/ Is only allowed after nasals or liquids | |||
* /s/ is forbidden on a first syllable or after a syllable with coda | |||
'''Nucleus (ν)''' | |||
* Nuclei are mandatory | |||
* Diphthongs are not allowed after a semivowel | |||
'''Coda (κ)''' | |||
* Codas are optional | |||
* Nasals must have the same place of articulation as the following obstruent | |||
* Liquid + fricative are only allowed word-finally | |||
===Stress=== | |||
Stress is often placed on the first syllable, sometimes on the second. | |||
===Allophony=== | |||
* Voiced fricatives [β ð ɣ] undergo fortition [b d g] when adjacent to a stop or nasal | |||
* Adjacent unvoiced stops and their voiced counterparts [pb bp td dt kg gk] become voiced and geminated [b: d: g:] | |||
* The voiced alveolar fricative [ð] undergoes fortition [d] before [l] | |||
* The lateral approximant [l] becomes a lateral release [◌ˡ] after alveolar stops [t d] | |||
* Alveolar and velar nasals [n ŋ] become palatal nasals [ɲ] before [j] | |||
==Word Classes== | |||
===Nouns=== | |||
====Dependency Structure==== | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | |||
| rowspan="2" style="width:80px;" |Determiner | |||
| rowspan="2" style="width:80px;" |Quantifier | |||
! colspan="2" |Noun | |||
| rowspan="2" style="width:80px;" |Case | |||
| rowspan="2" style="width:80px;" |Adjective | |||
| rowspan="2" style="width:80px;" |Genitive | |||
|- | |||
|style="width:60px;" |Root | |||
|style="width:60px;" |Number | |||
|} |
Revision as of 21:25, 8 April 2015
Phonology
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p | t | k | |||||
Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||
Fricative | Spirant | β | ɸ | ð | θ | ɣ | h | |
Silibant | s | |||||||
Liquid | Flap | ɾ | ||||||
Approx. | l | |||||||
Glide | Approx. | j | w |
Vowels
Front | Back | |
---|---|---|
Unrounded | Rounded | |
Close | i | u |
Mid | e | o |
Open | a | ɒ |
Diphthongs
i | u | |
---|---|---|
a | ai | |
e | ei | |
ɒ | ɒu | |
o | ou |
Phonotactics
Syllable (σ) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Onset (ω) | Rime (ρ) | |||
Initial (ι) | Medial (μ) | Nucleus (ν) | Coda (κ) | |
|
|
|
|
Initial (ι)
- Initials are optional word-initially and mandatory elsewhere
- Can’t have the same manner of articulation as a preceding coda
Medial (μ)
- Medials re optional
- Liquids are only allowed after stops or fricatives
- /s/ Is only allowed after nasals or liquids
- /s/ is forbidden on a first syllable or after a syllable with coda
Nucleus (ν)
- Nuclei are mandatory
- Diphthongs are not allowed after a semivowel
Coda (κ)
- Codas are optional
- Nasals must have the same place of articulation as the following obstruent
- Liquid + fricative are only allowed word-finally
Stress
Stress is often placed on the first syllable, sometimes on the second.
Allophony
- Voiced fricatives [β ð ɣ] undergo fortition [b d g] when adjacent to a stop or nasal
- Adjacent unvoiced stops and their voiced counterparts [pb bp td dt kg gk] become voiced and geminated [b: d: g:]
- The voiced alveolar fricative [ð] undergoes fortition [d] before [l]
- The lateral approximant [l] becomes a lateral release [◌ˡ] after alveolar stops [t d]
- Alveolar and velar nasals [n ŋ] become palatal nasals [ɲ] before [j]
Word Classes
Nouns
Dependency Structure
Determiner | Quantifier | Noun | Case | Adjective | Genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | Number |