User:Tardigrade: Difference between revisions
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Examples: | Examples: | ||
* Lenition: ''i | * Lenition: ''i beñ'' "his head", ''di dad'' "your dad", ''i gi'' "his dog", ''a vanon'' "the lady", ''do Varselon'' "to Barcelona", . | ||
* Spirantisation: ''i | * Spirantisation: ''i feñ'' "her head", ''tri zad'' "three dads", ''tair haz'' "three cats". | ||
* Nasalisation: '' | * Nasalisation: ''no manon'' "nine ladies", ''i Marselon'' "in Barcelona", ''mi garrer'' "my road" | ||
* Aspiration: ''i h'ewidir'' "her uncle", ''an h'oungorn'' "our unicorn". | * Aspiration: ''i h'ewidir'' "her uncle", ''an h'oungorn'' "our unicorn". |
Revision as of 22:38, 24 November 2023
Tardigrades (Latfuts) are microscopic, water-dwelling, segmented animals. At some point in history, they learned to speak Gothic.
Veithois
Latin | Insular Proto-Romance |
Insular Romance | Veithois | example | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
transcription | IPA | orthography | IPA | ||||||||
ī | /i/ | i | /i/ | i | /i/ | vid | /vid/ | ||||
i | /ɪ/ | ẹ | /e/ | è | ei | /ɛ/ | /ei̯/ | sec | peil | /sɛk/ | /pei̯l/ |
ē | /e/ | ment | cein | /mɛnt/ | /t͡ʃei̯n/ | ||||||
oe | ester | feid | /ɛstər/ | /fei̯d/ | |||||||
e | /ɛ/ | ę | /ɛ/ | é | /e/ | ter | pedh | /tɛr/ | /peð/ | ||
ae | estod | cel | /ɛˈstod/ | /t͡ʃel/ | |||||||
a | /a/ | a | /a/ | a | /a/ | can | /kan/ | ||||
ā | /ɑ/ | ǫ | /ɔ/ | ò | ó | /ɔ/ | /o/ | nos | /noz/ | ||
o | /ɔ/ | sot | cor | /sɔt/ | /kor/ | ||||||
ō | /o/ | ọ | /o/ | ou | eu | /u/ | /e/ | mount | fleur | /munt/ | /fler/ |
u | /ʊ/ | gout | gheul | /gut/ | /gel/ | ||||||
ū | /u/ | u | /u/ | u | /i/ | mur | /mir/ | ||||
au | /au/ | au | /au/ | au | /ai/ | caudh | /kaið/ |
Gothic vowel changes
Gothic | Initial | Medial | Final | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
/_r/ | /_r/ | /_l/ | /_p, b, f, m/ | /_w/ | /_other/ | /_one consonant/ | /_cluster/ | absolutely final | |||||||||||
one consonant | cluster | /_r/ | /_l/ | /_n/ | /_p, b, f, m/ | /_w/ | /_j/ | /_other/ | |||||||||||
i, aí | i | e | e | i | e | e | iu | i | e | ʲ | |||||||||
a | a | u | y | u | u | o | u | Ø | |||||||||||
u, aú | u | o | |||||||||||||||||
ē, ei | i | i | e | i | e | e | |||||||||||||
ái, aíh | ia | ||||||||||||||||||
ā | a | u | y | u | a | ||||||||||||||
áu, aúh | o | ||||||||||||||||||
ō, ū | u |
adjectives
Case | indefinite | definite | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | |
Nominative | blínd | blénd | bléndas | blénd | blénds | blénd | blénda | bléndas | bléndon | bléndos | ||
Genitive | blínds | blénds | blíndse | bléndsa | blíndes | bléndos | blíndne | bléndna | ||||
Dative | bléndum | blénde | bléndę | bléndę | bléndą | bléndą |
adj
Case | attributive | predicative | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
masc./neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | ||
indefinite | definite | |||||||||||
Direct | blínd | blénd | blénd | blénd | blénda | bléndas | bléndon | bléndos | ||||
Genitive | blínd | blénd | blínd | blénd | blíndes | bléndos | blíndse | bléndsa | ||||
Dative | blénd | blénd | bléndę | bléndą | bléndą |
Case | attributive | predicative | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
masc./neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | ||
indefinite | definite | |||||||||||
Direct | frús | frós | frós | frós | frósa | frósas | fróson | frósos | ||||
Genitive | frús | frós | frús | frós | frúses | frósos | frúsne | frósna | ||||
Dative | frós | frós | frósę | frósą | frósą |
Consonants
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m/ ⟨m⟩ | /n/ ⟨n⟩ | /ŋ/ ⟨ng⟩ [1] | /ɴ/ ⟨ng⟩ | ||
Plosive | /p/ ⟨p⟩ | /t/ ⟨t⟩ | /k/ ⟨k⟩ [1] | /q/ ⟨k⟩ | ||
Affricate | /ʦ/ ⟨t⟩ [1] | |||||
Fricative | /f/ ⟨f⟩ | /v/ ⟨v⟩ | /s/ ⟨s⟩ | /ʃ/ ⟨s⟩ [1] | /ɣ/ ⟨g⟩ [1] | /ʁ/ ⟨g⟩ |
Lateral | /l~ɬ/ ⟨l⟩ [2] | |||||
Tap | /ɾ/ ⟨r⟩ | |||||
Semivowel | /j/ ⟨j⟩ |
Everish
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Everish | |
---|---|
Eveireg | |
Pronunciation | [eˈvei̯ɾeɡ] |
Created by | Tardigrade |
Setting | Iberia |
Native to | Spain, Portugal |
Early form | |
Everish Eveireg /eˈvei̯ɾeɡ/ is a a Brittonic Celtic tongue spoken in parts of Galicia and Asturias.
Sound Changes
Consonant Mutations
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: lenis (međol), spirant (cravol) and nasal (truinol). There is a fourth type of mutation called aspiration (huizol) in which word-initial vowels take an h'- before them.
The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.
Radical | Nasal | Lenis | Spirant |
---|---|---|---|
p /p/ | b /b/ | f /f/ | |
t /t/ | d /d/ | z /θ/ | |
c /k/ | g /g/ | h /x/ | |
c /t͡ʃ/ | g /d͡ʒ/ | h /ʃ/ | |
b /b/ | m /m/ | v /v/ | |
d /d/ | n /n/ | đ /ð/ | |
g /ɡ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||
g /d͡ʒ/ | ñ /ɲ/ | y /j/ | |
y /j/ | ñ /ɲ/ | ||
m /m/ | v /ṽ/ | ||
ñ /ɲ/ | n /n/ | ||
rr /r/ | r /ɾ/ |
Lenited g disappears before a consonant, becomes w before words in go-, gu-, goo- and becomes h- before other vowels, e.g. gre "flock" → i re "his flock", gur "man, husband" → i wur "his husband", geryadour "dictionary" → i heryadour "his dictionary".
Examples:
- Lenition: i beñ "his head", di dad "your dad", i gi "his dog", a vanon "the lady", do Varselon "to Barcelona", .
- Spirantisation: i feñ "her head", tri zad "three dads", tair haz "three cats".
- Nasalisation: no manon "nine ladies", i Marselon "in Barcelona", mi garrer "my road"
- Aspiration: i h'ewidir "her uncle", an h'oungorn "our unicorn".