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Keren: Difference between revisions
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|creator = User:Bari | |creator = User:Bari | ||
|created = November 2023 | |created = November 2023 | ||
| | |created = 2023 | ||
|nativename = Keren | |nativename = Keren | ||
|pronunciation = ˈkɛ.ren | |pronunciation = ˈkɛ.ren | ||
|states = Sand Island | |states = Sand Island | ||
|speakers = 400 | |speakers = 400 | ||
|date = 2023 | |date = 2023 | ||
| | |ethnicity = Kerens | ||
|familycolor = Language | |familycolor = Language isolate | ||
|ancestor = Old Keren | |ancestor = Proto-Keren | ||
| | |ancestor2 = Old Keren | ||
|stand1 = Classical Keren (a.k.a. Literally Keren) | |||
}} | }} | ||
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[[Category:Keren Language]] | |||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Consonant groups | Notes: | ||
* /{{IPA|z}}/ is from Old Keren #'VsV & #ri. For these speakers, that has /{{IPA|z}}/ in palatal group (see below), only from #ri is in this group. | |||
** /{{IPA|l}}/ also is from Old Keren #'VɬV & #d. If #d occurs before #i, was paltalised to /{{IPA|ɥ}}/ after rounded vowels & to #d͡ʒ after non-rounded vowels & turned to modern /At͡ʃ˩/ (see consonant alternations) | |||
====Consonant groups==== | |||
* Labial: /{{IPA|p, m, ŋʷ, w, ɥ, ʀʷ, kʷ}}/ | * Labial: /{{IPA|p, m, ŋʷ, w, ɥ, ʀʷ, kʷ}}/ | ||
* Palatal: /{{IPA|ɲ, t͡ʃ, ʃ, j, ç}}/ & for some archaic speakers - /{{IPA|ɥ, t͡s}}/ | * Palatal: /{{IPA|ɲ, t͡ʃ, ʃ, j, ç}}/ & for some archaic speakers - /{{IPA|ɥ, t͡s, z}}/ | ||
* Neutral: /{{IPA|t, n, ŋ, r, ɬ, ʀ, ɰ, l | * Neutral: /{{IPA|t, n, ŋ, r, ɬ, ʀ, ɰ, l, k, s, z, t͡s}}/ | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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===Prosody=== | ===Prosody=== | ||
Stress is penultimate. Secondary stress is on first syllabe & occurs in word with at least five syllabes (for some archaic speakers, | Stress is penultimate. Secondary stress is on first syllabe & occurs in word with at least five syllabes (for some archaic speakers, at least four). | ||
==Grammar== | |||
===Syntax=== | |||
Keren is SVO in positive clausules, VSO in negative clausules & SOV in question clausules. | |||
===Nouns=== | |||
====N-type nouns==== | |||
====K-type nouns==== | |||
===Consonant alternations=== | |||
====Lateral mutation==== | |||
====Palatal mutation==== | |||
====Labial mutation==== | |||
====Vocalic mutation==== | |||