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==Sounds== | |||
/pt/>/pl/ & /kt/>/ | For Guddean: suopma /sʷop̚m̥ɑ:/, letno /ʎɛt̚n̥ɔ:/, jakne /cɑk̚ŋ̊i:/. Also bb /mb/, dd /nd/, gg /ŋg/ | ||
/pt/>/pl/ & /kt/>/ks/ | |||
Somewhere: dental(laminar)-alveolar(apical)-retroflex consonant mutation pattern: ''CjV''- ''CV'' - ''CV́'' following the native orthography rules. (vowel frontness increares) | |||
===Changes=== | |||
====Set one==== | |||
Nasals of a language | |||
*/gn/ & /gm/ > /ɣn/ & /ɣm/ > /ɤ̯ŋ/ | |||
*/ɟn/ & /ɟm/ > /ʝn/ & /ʝm/ > /ɪ̯ɲ/ | |||
*/d̪m/ > /ðm/ > /ɘ̯n̪/ | |||
*/bn/ > /βn/ > /ʉ̯m/ | |||
====Set two==== | |||
Three daughters | |||
*Mythological Queen Uktu sent her daughters to build settlements to three regions: Ese the firstborn ventured inland, Idi the middle daughter sailed with the wind, and Uja the lastborn stayed at the coastal queendom. | |||
*kt & kp | |||
**> xt & xp > st & fp > s & f | |||
**> tt & pp > t & p (V_V > d & b | |||
**> ɰt̪ > Uð > i/u +j (frontness) | |||
*pt & pk | |||
**> t & x > t & ç/h | |||
**> tt & kk > ... | |||
**> ʋt̪ & t̪ɰ > Uð & ʁ > i/u +j & ʁ | |||
*tp & tk | |||
**> sp & sx > fp & ɕ > f & ɕ/ʃ | |||
**> pp & kk > ... | |||
**> t̪ & t̪ɰ > ð & ʁ > j & ʁ | |||
*lone voiced C | |||
**>>voiceless | |||
**>>approximant | |||
**>>different approximant | |||
====Set three==== | |||
*pl, bl > ʋ | |||
*tl>ɬ, dl>l | |||
*kl, gl > j | |||
*l>j | |||
**different symbols (ligatures) | |||
*pʷi>ʋe, pʷɛ>ʋæ (these vowel changes after all labialized, others unchanged) | |||
**in some common minimal pʷ-kʷ pairs pʷ>f: ''upui'' /ufe/ (dead) vs. ''ukui'' /uʋe/ (there) | |||
*tʷ>ʃ | |||
*kʷ>ʋ | |||
**modern native orthography uses different symbol for kʷ and pʷ (ku-pu ligatures) | |||
====Set four==== | |||
One language where original remained (in some cases), some where changed completely | |||
*ʈ | |||
**> ʈ͡ʂ > t͡ʃ | |||
**t̠ (vs. *t>t̪) | |||
*ɖ | |||
**> d͡ʒ | |||
**> l̠ʲ (& *d>ɾ~ɹ) | |||
====Set five==== | |||
*V > ə /[unstressed] > ∅ /C<sub>1</sub>_C<sub>2</sub> [POA(C<sub>1</sub>)≠POA(C<sub>2</sub>)] (thus consonant clusters before unstressed) | |||
**language relative where e remained > completely different | |||
*C [voiced stop] > C [voiceless counterpart] (no distinction orignally? happened in the last stages of the following...) | |||
*bnV > bɾ̃Ṽ > prV<sub>2</sub> /_# or prV<sub>2</sub>N /_C (e.g. bnada > pronta) | |||
**somewhere > frV > fV̰ (thus r-ligature > creaky-indicator) | |||
** or > pVrV with duplicated vowel | |||
*dmV > dw̃Ṽ > tʷV<sub>2</sub> /_# or tʷV<sub>2</sub>N /_C | |||
*gnV > gɾ̃Ṽ > krV<sub>2</sub> /_# or krV<sub>2</sub>N /_C | |||
*gmV > g͡bṼ > kʷV<sub>2</sub> /_# or kʷV<sub>2</sub>N /_C | |||
*ã & ũ > ɔ; ĩ > y; ẽ > y /C[labial]_ otherwise >e | |||
*later V > V: / _NC when N > ∅ /_C | |||
*somewhere kʷ > k̠ (phonemic difference to k), i>e, y>i | |||
Long separation: *ˌgadʉˈme > | |||
*relative language: jaɾum > jɔɻum (could this be the language of my glagoliticish script? There was a distinction between voiced and voiceless, though. Should also check how the CVM and CVR syllables could have formed.) | |||
*gadme (stress ˈme>ˈdme) > gaˈdw̃ẽ > katʷy > kaɕy (through medial stage θ?) | |||
====Set six==== | |||
Related to my [[User:Juhhmi/Aei|Aei]]: | |||
*In avoidance speech: Originally consonants t, p and k all plain (no ejective, aspiration or spirantization in any position) which were turned into linguolabials (upper), neutral, palatalized and velarized respectively | |||
**> neutral, high and low tone in the preceding vowel (or in the following!?) with neutral linguolabial following | |||
**(round) :àeí /ˈɶk'.øtʰ.yɸ/ > /ˈɶk.øt.yp/ > /ˈɶˠt̼ˠ.øt̼.yʲt̼ʲ/ > /ˈɶt̼˩.øt̼.yt̼˥/ (thus the diacritics match nicely). To avoid confusion between some words, final consonant may be a lower linguolabial double flap (? tongue pulled over lower lip from outside to the inner side and pulled in as a click) | |||
====Set seven==== | |||
*mibe>ḿ̩be & mube>m̩̀be (tone) | |||
===Tones=== | |||
Chanting to convey meaning (example text in Finnish "human's cat's and dog's foods): | Chanting to convey meaning (example text in Finnish "human's cat's and dog's foods): | ||
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*''íhmístḕn kìssòjén'' jà kòìrién rúóàt | *''íhmístḕn kìssòjén'' jà kòìrién rúóàt | ||
==Ideas== | |||
*/ | |||
*/ | ===Script=== | ||
*Abugida with onset and coda in same grapheme which is different from the one without coda (koska erilaiset alkuperät). | |||
**A for ts-, and B for ts-r (not Á); codas only with "strong" onsets | |||
**ts-r, t-r, p-r, k-r (/r/=[r~ɹ~l] japanilainen?) | |||
**ts-N, t-N, p-N, k-N (/m/ as base) | |||
**also different distortions for vowels and diphthongs (after "weak" onsets) | |||
**tsekkaa glagolitsamainen, lindisfarneehkolähtöinen merkistö funktioteorian prujusta (s.22) ja jatka siltä pohjalta! | |||
***vois olla erilaisii versioi niinku georgialaises järjestelmäs (ja sit yhestä tulis muokattuna isot alkukirjaimet (siitä lindis-kulmikkaasta?)) + muista äänteenmuutokset!!! ni sit saa luonnollisemma' | |||
***lainaa ja kirjaimiii naapureilt ni saat hauskoi juttui... eixni! | |||
***nää versiot alkaa kyl näyttää aika päheilt! vähäx siistii sit ku mä löyvän aikaa kalligrafioinnil! | |||
*should make it digital | |||
*Language test: ceusutam! patirkomda gacuter [t͡ɕøy̯ʃ̩ʷˈtɑm pɑtelkɔlˈlɑ ɣɑt͡ɕuˈtɛɻ](greeting-s! patirko(m?)-from warm-ly); cikerkor [t͡ɕykɛlˈkɔɻ] (... post stamp) | |||
===Icefolk=== | |||
The Icefolk sacred literature language Ghitarqapö (?) was an infixing one and of different origin than their spoken language Thernakh (which had a cursive Bakurt script). During the eras before their disappearance, the Icefolk were not willing to teach their written language to humans due to the unpleasant history so no translations of Icefolk texts had survived. Apparently, the teaching of Ghitarqapö was intensively oral since no Ghitarqapö pages with Bakurt transcription have been found. | |||
What Spellmaster Guenkue discovered during her expedition to Scriptorium: | |||
*lots of consonants and some phonation features based on their gorilla/bear physiology (they wouldn't have liked this classification) | |||
*verb-based | |||
*noun infixes from different roots than independent noun-verbs | |||
*diliteral radicals | |||
**when infixing, the second consonant may be modified to convey grammatical information | |||
Script: logographic-syllabary mix | |||
*Separate graphemes for: | |||
**base C<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub> | |||
**broken C<sub>1</sub>(infix)C<sub>2</sub> | |||
**Differences in vowels matter but glyphs of C<sub>1</sub>V<sub>1</sub> and C<sub>1</sub>V<sub>2</sub> or C<sub>2a</sub>V and C<sub>2b</sub>V may have little in common | |||
*Calligraphic variation (monumental/frozen/hand-written) | |||
**The Hall of Prayers has an icicle roof which from some angles can be read as sacred poems | |||