Zanahi/Swadesh list: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! '''No.''' !! [[wikipedia:English language|English]] !! [[Zanahi]]
! '''No.''' !! [[wikipedia:English language|English]] !! [[Zanahi]] !! [[Proto-Zanahic]] !! Etymology of Zanahi form (if not directly from the Proto-Zanahic)
|-
|-
| 1 || [[wiktionary:I|I]] || ’ammā
| 1 || [[wiktionary:I|I]] || ’ammā || *ʔéṣ || ''*ʔán-'' "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of ''*mé'' "me" (perhaps the ablative ''*méṭ'').
|-
|-
| 2 || [[wiktionary:you|you (singular)]] || ’antā (''m.''); ’antī (''f.'')
| 2 || [[wiktionary:you|you (singular)]] || ’antā (''m.''); ’antī (''f.'') || *túʔ || Masculine form from ''*ʔán-'' "that (over there)" + lengthened variant of ''*twé'' "thee" (perhaps the ablative ''*twéṭ''). The feminine was then formed by analogy with the third person pronoun (supported by the Semitic counterparts).
|-
|-
| 3 || [[wiktionary:he|he]] || hattā (''m.''); hattī (''f.'')
| 3 || [[wiktionary:he|he]] || hattā (''m.''); hattī (''f.'') || *hóh; *tóh || From a combined pronoun ''*hohtóh'' in which both parts would have originally been declined.
|-
|-
| 4 || [[wiktionary:we|we]] || ’annā
| 4 || [[wiktionary:we|we]] || ’annā || *wéyeh || ''*ʔán-'' "that (over there)" + ''*nōh'' "us (clitic)" or ''*noʔ'' "us two (clitic)".
|-
|-
| 5 || [[wiktionary:you|you (plural)]] || ’antān (''m.''); ’antīn (''f.'')
| 5 || [[wiktionary:you|you (plural)]] || ’antān (''m.''); ’antīn (''f.'') || *yū́h || From the singular by analogy.
|-
|-
| 6 || [[wiktionary:they|they]] || hattān (''m.''); hattīn (''f.'')
| 6 || [[wiktionary:they|they]] || hattān (''m.''); hattīn (''f.'') || *hóy, *híʔah, *háʔ; *tóy, *tíʔah, *táʔ || See the third person singular.
|-
|-
| 7 || [[wiktionary:this|this]] || sā (''m.''); sī (''f.'')
| 7 || [[wiktionary:this|this]] || sā (''m.''); sī (''f.'') || *sóh, *síʔ, *sóṭ ||
|-
|-
| 8 || [[wiktionary:that|that]] || tā (''m.''); tī (''f.'')
| 8 || [[wiktionary:that|that]] || tā (''m.''); tī (''f.'') || *tóh, *tíʔ, *tóṭ; *hóh, *híʔ, *hóṭ; *ʔánoh, *ʔániʔ, *ʔánoṭ || *tóh
|-
|-
| 9 || [[wiktionary:here|here]] || sar
| 9 || [[wiktionary:here|here]] || sam || *séhmi ||
|-
|-
| 10 || [[wiktionary:there|there]] || tar
| 10 || [[wiktionary:there|there]] || tam || *téhmi; *héhmi ||
|-
|-
| 11 || [[wiktionary:who|who]] || kī
| 11 || [[wiktionary:who|who]] || kī || *kóh, *kíʔ || From the feminine (since the masculine would give an identical form to the neuter).
|-
|-
| 12 || [[wiktionary:what|what]] || kā
| 12 || [[wiktionary:what|what]] || kā || *kóh, *kíʔ, *kóṭ || From the neuter.
|-
|-
| 13 || [[wiktionary:where|where]] || kar
| 13 || [[wiktionary:where|where]] || kam || *kéhmi ||
|-
|-
| 14 || [[wiktionary:when|when]] ||  
| 14 || [[wiktionary:when|when]] || kaṭā || *kóṭe || Zanahi: From an extended form, perhaps with an instrumental suffix (''*-ʔ'') or ablative suffix (''*-ṭ'').
|-
|-
| 15 || [[wiktionary:how|how]] ||  
| 15 || [[wiktionary:how|how]] || kayf || *kéy || Zanahi: From ''*kéypo'', a compound of ''*kéy'' "how, by what" + postpositional ''*po'' "from, due to"
|-
|-
| 16 || [[wiktionary:not|not]] || lā; mā
| 16 || [[wiktionary:not|not]] || lā; mā || *nē̆, *meʔ || ''lā'': a modification of earlier ''*nā'' due to Semitic influence.
|-
|-
| 17 || [[wiktionary:all|all]] || ḥalw
| 17 || [[wiktionary:all|all]] || ḥalw || *holwóh, -áʔ, -óm ||
|-
|-
| 18 || [[wiktionary:many|many]] || pilō
| 18 || [[wiktionary:many|many]] || palō || *pélʔuh (oblique stem: *pl̥ʔéw-) ||
|-
|-
| 19 || [[wiktionary:some|some]] || kiyān
| 19 || [[wiktionary:some|some]] || kiyān ||
|-
|-
| 20 || [[wiktionary:few|few]] || pawr
| 20 || [[wiktionary:few|few]] || pawr || *páʔuroh (oblique stem: *pəwr-)
|-
|-
| 21 || [[wiktionary:other|other]] || ’antar
| 21 || [[wiktionary:other|other]] || ’antar || *ʔályoh; *ánteroh (''of two'') ||
|-
|-
| 22 || [[wiktionary:one|one]] || ‘ayn, ‘aynā
| 22 || [[wiktionary:one|one]] || ‘ayn, ‘aynā || *ʔóynoh
|-
|-
| 23 || [[wiktionary:two|two]] || ṭuwā
| 23 || [[wiktionary:two|two]] || ṭuwā || *ṭwóʔ, *ṭwáʔʔe, *ṭwóʔ ||
|-
|-
| 24 || [[wiktionary:three|three]] || tarayā, tarē
| 24 || [[wiktionary:three|three]] || tirayā, tirē || *tréyeh, *triʔ (oblique stem: *tri-) || From the nominative stem, with an anological ''-ā'' and Semitic-influenced reverse polarity.
|-
|-
| 25 || [[wiktionary:four|four]] || kaṯurā, kaṯur
| 25 || [[wiktionary:four|four]] || kaṯurā, kaṯur || *ketwóreh, *ketwṓr (oblique stem: *ketur-) ||
|-
|-
| 26 || [[wiktionary:five|five]] || pankā, pank
| 26 || [[wiktionary:five|five]] || pankā, pank || *pénke ||
|-
|-
| 27 || [[wiktionary:big|big]] || maṣā
| 27 || [[wiktionary:big|big]] || maṣā || *méṣəh (oblique stem: *m̥ṣʔ-) ||
|-
|-
| 28 || [[wiktionary:long|long]] || ṭalg
| 28 || [[wiktionary:long|long]] || ṭalg || *ṭl̥ʔgóh ||
|-
|-
| 29 || [[wiktionary:wide|wide]] || piltō
| 29 || [[wiktionary:wide|wide]] || piltō || *plétuh (oblique stem: *pl̥téw-) ||
|-
|-
| 30 || [[wiktionary:thick|thick]] || binzō
| 30 || [[wiktionary:thick|thick]] || binzō || *bénzuh (oblique stem: *bn̥zéw-) ||
|-
|-
| 31 || [[wiktionary:heavy|heavy]] || qarō
| 31 || [[wiktionary:heavy|heavy]] || qarō || *ḳráʔus (oblique stem: *ḳr̥ʔéw-) ||
|-
|-
| 32 || [[wiktionary:small|small]] || šuṭr
| 32 || [[wiktionary:small|small]] || šuṭr ||  ||
|-
|-
| 33 || [[wiktionary:short|short]] ||  
| 33 || [[wiktionary:short|short]] ||  
|-
|-
| 34 || [[wiktionary:narrow|narrow]] || ’anzō
| 34 || [[wiktionary:narrow|narrow]] || ’anzō ||
|-
|-
| 35 || [[wiktionary:thin|thin]] || tinō
| 35 || [[wiktionary:thin|thin]] || tanō ||
|-
|-
| 36 || [[wiktionary:woman|woman]] || qanā
| 36 || [[wiktionary:woman|woman]] || qān ||
|-
|-
| 37 || [[wiktionary:man|man (adult male)]] || wīr
| 37 || [[wiktionary:man|man (adult male)]] || wīr || *wíʔroh
|-
|-
| 38 || [[wiktionary:man|man (human being)]] || mirt
| 38 || [[wiktionary:man|man (human being)]] || mirt || *mr̥tóh ||
|-
|-
| 39 || [[wiktionary:child|child]] || ṣant
| 39 || [[wiktionary:child|child]] || ṣant
|-
|-
| 40 || [[wiktionary:wife|wife]] || ba‘lā; ḅaṭayā; zawǧā
| 40 || [[wiktionary:wife|wife]] || ba‘lā; ḅaṭayā; zawǧā; qān
|-
|-
| 41 || [[wiktionary:husband|husband]] || ba‘l; ḅaṭē; zawǧ
| 41 || [[wiktionary:husband|husband]] || ba‘l; ḅaṭē; zawǧ; wīr
|-
|-
| 42 || [[wiktionary:mother|mother]] || māṯar; ammā
| 42 || [[wiktionary:mother|mother]] || māṯar; ammā
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| 44 || [[wiktionary:animal|animal]] || pas
| 44 || [[wiktionary:animal|animal]] || pas
|-
|-
| 45 || [[wiktionary:fish|fish]] || zuww
| 45 || [[wiktionary:fish|fish]] || zūḵ
|-
|-
| 46 || [[wiktionary:bird|bird]] || ’awē
| 46 || [[wiktionary:bird|bird]] || ’awīḵ
|-
|-
| 47 || [[wiktionary:dog|dog]] || sun; kalb
| 47 || [[wiktionary:dog|dog]] || sun; kalb
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| 54 || [[wiktionary:fruit|fruit]] || karp
| 54 || [[wiktionary:fruit|fruit]] || karp
|-
|-
| 55 || [[wiktionary:seed|seed]] || hāman
| 55 || [[wiktionary:seed|seed]] || hāmin
|-
|-
| 56 || [[wiktionary:leaf|leaf]] || ḅarn
| 56 || [[wiktionary:leaf|leaf]] || ḅarn
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| 83 || [[wiktionary:hand|hand]] || ṭawš; bāzō
| 83 || [[wiktionary:hand|hand]] || ṭawš; bāzō
|-
|-
| 84 || [[wiktionary:wing|wing]] || paṯar
| 84 || [[wiktionary:wing|wing]] || paṯr
|-
|-
| 85 || [[wiktionary:belly|belly]] ||  
| 85 || [[wiktionary:belly|belly]] ||  
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| 99 || [[wiktionary:breathe|to breathe]] || ’an-, -’an- (root: ’-n)
| 99 || [[wiktionary:breathe|to breathe]] || ’an-, -’an- (root: ’-n)
|-
|-
| 100 || [[wiktionary:laugh|to laugh]] ||  
| 100 || [[wiktionary:laugh|to laugh]] || may-, -mī- (root: m-y)
|-
|-
| 101 || [[wiktionary:see|to see]] || ṭaras-, -ṭris- (root: ṭ-r-s)
| 101 || [[wiktionary:see|to see]] || ṭaras-, -ṭris- (root: ṭ-r-s)
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| 109 || [[wiktionary:die|to die]] || mar-, -mir- (root: m-r)
| 109 || [[wiktionary:die|to die]] || mar-, -mir- (root: m-r)
|-
|-
| 110 || [[wiktionary:kill|to kill]] ||  
| 110 || [[wiktionary:kill|to kill]] || nasay-, -nsē- (root: n-s-y); qatal-, -qtul- (root: q-t-l)
|-
|-
| 111 || [[wiktionary:fight|to fight]] ||  
| 111 || [[wiktionary:fight|to fight]] || ganāgan-, -ganāgin-; qātal-, -qātil-
|-
|-
| 112 || [[wiktionary:hunt|to hunt]] || way-, -wē- (root: w-y)  
| 112 || [[wiktionary:hunt|to hunt]] || way-, -wē- (root: w-y)  
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| 151 || [[wiktionary:rain|rain]] || warš
| 151 || [[wiktionary:rain|rain]] || warš
|-
|-
| 152 || [[wiktionary:river|river]] || naṭī
| 152 || [[wiktionary:river|river]] || naṭīḵ
|-
|-
| 153 || [[wiktionary:lake|lake]] || waṭr
| 153 || [[wiktionary:lake|lake]] || waṭr
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| 184 || [[wiktionary:old|old]] ||  
| 184 || [[wiktionary:old|old]] ||  
|-
|-
| 185 || [[wiktionary:good|good]] ||  
| 185 || [[wiktionary:good|good]] || ḥant
|-
|-
| 186 || [[wiktionary:bad|bad]] ||  
| 186 || [[wiktionary:bad|bad]] || ṭušk
|-
|-
| 187 || [[wiktionary:rotten|rotten]] ||  
| 187 || [[wiktionary:rotten|rotten]] ||  
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| 202 || [[wiktionary:in|in]] || ’an
| 202 || [[wiktionary:in|in]] || ’an
|-
|-
| 203 || [[wiktionary:with|with]] || sa- (''instrumental'')
| 203 || [[wiktionary:with|with]] || maḏ; sa-
|-
|-
| 204 || [[wiktionary:and|and]] || wa-
| 204 || [[wiktionary:and|and]] || wa-
|-
|-
| 205 || [[wiktionary:if|if]] ||  
| 205 || [[wiktionary:if|if]] || yaṯ
|-
|-
| 206 || [[wiktionary:because|because]] ||  
| 206 || [[wiktionary:because|because]] ||  
|-
|-
| 207 || [[wiktionary:name|name]] || naman
| 207 || [[wiktionary:name|name]] || namn
|}
|}
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