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Phonological history of Valthungian: Difference between revisions

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Phonological history of Valthungian (view source)

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|-
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| PGmc:  
!style="text-align: right;"| PGmc:  
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''habaną''<br />[ha'''β'''anã]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| *''habaną''<br />[ha'''β'''anã]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''abrō''<br />[a'''{b/β}'''roː]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''abrō''<br />[a'''{b/β}'''roː]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''badją''<br />[ba'''d'''ją]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''badją''<br />[ba'''d'''ją]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''seldō''<br />[sel'''{d/ð}'''oː]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''seldō''<br />[sel'''{d/ð}'''oː]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''dagōz''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːz]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"|* ''dagōz''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːz]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''fagrō''<br />[ɸa'''{ɡ/ɣ}'''roː]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''fagrō''<br />[ɸa'''{ɡ/ɣ}'''roː]
|-
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Goth:  
!style="text-align: right;"| Goth:  
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|-
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Griut:  
!style="text-align: right;"| Griut:  
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''haban''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''haban''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''abra''<br />[a'''{b/β}'''ra]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''abra''<br />[a'''{b/β}'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''badi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| *''badi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''silda''<br />[sil'''{d/ð}'''a]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''silda''<br />[sil'''{d/ð}'''a]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''dagōs''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːs]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''dagōs''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːs]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''fagra''<br />[ɸa'''{ɡ/ɣ}'''ra]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''fagra''<br />[ɸa'''{ɡ/ɣ}'''ra]
|-
|-
!style="text-align: right; background: #FFDDDD;"| Spir.I:  
!style="text-align: right; background: #FFDDDD;"| Spir.I:  
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''haban''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''haban''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''abra''<br />[a'''β'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| *''abra''<br />[a'''β'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''badi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''badi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''silda''<br />[sil'''ð'''a]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"|* ''silda''<br />[sil'''ð'''a]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''dagōs''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːs]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''dagōs''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oːs]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''fagra''<br />[ɸa'''ɣ'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| *''fagra''<br />[ɸa'''ɣ'''ra]
|-
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| OldVal:  
!style="text-align: right;"| OldVal:  
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''habvan''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''habvan''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''abvra''<br />[a'''β'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''abvra''<br />[a'''β'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''badvi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''badvi''<br />[ba'''ð'''i]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''slidva''<br />[sli'''ð'''a]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| *''slidva''<br />[sli'''ð'''a]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''dagyous''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oʊ̯s]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''dagyous''<br />[da'''ɣ'''oʊ̯s]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''fagyra''<br />[ɸa'''ɣ'''ra]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''fagyra''<br />[ɸa'''ɣ'''ra]
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===Geminate Collapse I===
===Geminate Collapse I===
This is an expansion of the earlier Germanic Geminate Simplication rule inherited from Proto-Germanic and persistent through the Gothic era.
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
!colspan=2 width=1200 style="text-align: left;"|400ᴀᴅ: Sonorant Degemination before C,#
|-
!width=150 style="text-align: right;"| Type:
|width=1050| Phonetic
|-
!style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;"| Rule:
| <span style="font-family: monospace;">''' CC[+son] → C / ___{C,#'''</span><br />
''“A geminate sonorant is degeminated before another consonant or when word-final.”''
|-
!style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;"| Notes:
| ''Already occurred optionally in some instances in Gothic.''
|-
!style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;"| Examples:
|
{| class="wikitable"
!width=100| &nbsp;
!width=150| ‘I swam’
!width=150| ‘you can’
!width=150| ‘to fill’
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| PGmc:
|style="text-align: center;"| *''ek swamm''<br />[ek swamm]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''þu kannt''<br />[θu kannt]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''fullijaną''<br />[ɸullijanã]
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Goth:
|style="text-align: center;"| ''ik swamm''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''þū kannt''<br />[θuː kannt]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''fulljan''<br />[ɸulljan]
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Griut:
|style="text-align: center;"| *''ik swamm''<br />[ha'''β'''an]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''þū kannt''<br />[θuː kannt]
|style="text-align: center;"| *''fulljan''<br />[ɸulljan]
|-
!style="text-align: right; background: #FFDDDD;"| Gem.I:
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''ik swam''<br />[ik swam]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''þū kant''<br />[θuː kant]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFDDDD;"| ''fuljan''<br />[ɸuljan]
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| OldVal:
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''ik svam''<br />[ik swam]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''þuv kant''<br />[θuː kant]
|style="text-align: center; background: #FFFFDD;"| ''feuljan''<br />[fʏljan]
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| MidVal:
|style="text-align: center;"| ''ik swam''<br />[ik swam]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''þû kant''<br />[θuː kant]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''fyljen''<br />[fʏljən]
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Valth:
|style="text-align: center;"| ''ik suam''<br />[ik swam]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''þū kant''<br />[θuː kant]
|style="text-align: center;"| ''fylin''<br />[fylin]
|}
|-
!style="text-align: right;"| Limit:
| 700ᴀᴅ
|-
!style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;"| Persistence:
| Expanded into later [[#Changes to Geminate Obstruents|Geminate Changes]]
|-
!style="text-align: right; vertical-align: text-top;"| Phonemic Inventory:
| (''unchanged'')
'''Consonants'''
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
| ⟨
|width=25| p
|width=25| t
|width=25| k
|width=25| kw
|width=25| b
|width=25| d
|width=25| g
|width=25| gw
|width=25| hw
|width=25| f
|width=25| þ
|width=25| s
|width=25| z
|width=25| h
|width=25| m
|width=25| n
|width=25| l
|width=25| r
|width=25| j
|width=25| w
| ⟩
|-
| /
| p || t || k || kw || b || d || ɡ || ɡw || hw
| ɸ || θ || s || z || h
| m || n || l || r || j || w
| /
|-
| [
| p~pʰ || t~tʰ || k~kʰ || kw~kʷ || b~β || d~ð || ɡ~ɣ || ɡw~ɡʷ || hw~hʷ~ʍ
| ɸ || θ || s || z || h~x
| m || n~ŋ || l || r~ɾ || j || w
|]
|}
'''Vowels'''
{|| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
| ⟨
|width=25| i
|width=25| e
|width=25| a
|width=25| o
|width=25| u
|width=25| ī
|width=25| ē
|width=25| ǣ
|width=25| ā
|width=25| ǭ
|width=25| ō
|width=25| ū
|width=25| iu
| ⟩
|-
| /
| i || e || a || o || u
| iː || eː || ɛː || ɑː || ɔː || oː || uː
| iw
| /
|-
| [
| ɪ || ɛ || a || ɔ || ʊ
| iː || eː || ɛː || ɑː || ɔː || oː || uː
| ɪʊ̯
| ]
|}
|}
===Spirantisation II===
===Spirantisation II===
===Deletion of Interconsonantal h===
===Deletion of Interconsonantal h===
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/361228"