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| '''Tumacan''' (''Tȯmakav'') is a minority language in the Tigolic subbranch of the [[Talmic languages]]. It is notable for its relatively conservative verb system. | | Anglo-Swedo-Sino-Korean jokelang; include a xenic layer from a Pama-Nyungan-like language Dårle |
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| | Use "Fljeongmjeongths" somewhere |
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| | Flijeon River |
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| | Andaegol |
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| | Mjeolnir 'big hammer' -- hammer that periodically destroys the world (Sino-Korean myeol 'to wipe out') in Anbirese mythology? |
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| | Mjeolbon 'Melbourne' |
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| | brjedjeong |
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| | sjeong - sky, skjeong - to clean |
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| | Daerjeong-eup: town located where our timeline's Dwellingup is |
| ==Phonology== | | ==Phonology== |
| Loosely "Kashubian" to [[Anvyrese]]'s Polish.
| | ===Consonants=== |
| ===Morphology=== | | *'''k g ng''' /k g ŋ/ |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | | *'''kj/tj gj/dj thj nj''' /tɕ d͡ʑ ɕ ɲ/ |
| |+ '''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
| | *'''t d th n''' /t d θ n/ |
| | *'''p b f v m''' /p b f v~w m/ |
| | *'''s sj/stj/skj h''' /s ɧ h/ |
| | *'''r l -d j''' /ɾ l ð j/ |
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| | [w] is an allophone of hard /v/ after consonants. |
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| | /t d tʰ s z n/ are dental(ized). |
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| | ===Vowels=== |
| | Anbirese has 7 vowel phonemes. ''eu'' /ɨ/ may be treated as a hard counterpart of ''i'' /i/: ''mi ni pi ti ki bi di gi fi vi'' are read as ''mji nji pji tji kji bji dji gji fji vji''. ''si zi li'' are an exception: they're pronounced [ɕi ʑi li]. |
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| | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |
| |- | | |- |
| !colspan="2"| !! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Medial !! Velar !! Glottal | | ! rowspan="2" | |
| | ! colspan="2" |Front |
| | ! rowspan="2" |Central |
| | ! rowspan="2" |Back |
| |- | | |- |
| !colspan="2"|Nasal | | ! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small> |
| | '''mm''' /m/
| | ! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small> |
| | '''nn''' /n/ | |
| | '''ńń''' /ɲ/
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| | '''ŋŋ''' /ŋ/ ||
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| |- | | |- |
| !rowspan="3"|Stop | | ! style="" |Close |
| !<small>voiced</small>
| | | '''i''' /i/ |
| | '''m''' /b/ | | | '''u''' /ü/ |
| | '''n''' /d/ | | | '''eu''' [ɨ] |
| | | | | '''o''' /o~u/ |
| | '''ŋ''' /g/ || | |
| |- | | |- |
| !<small>tenuis</small> | | ! style="" |Mid |
| | '''b''' /p/ | | | '''ae, e''' /e̞/ |
| | '''d''' /t/ | | | '''ö''' /ø~œ/ |
| | | | | '''eo''' [ə] |
| | '''g''' /k/ || | | | '''eo''' /ʌ~ɔ/ |
| |- | | |- |
| !<small>asp.</small> | | ! style="" |Open |
| | '''p''' /pʰ/ | |
| | '''t''' /tʰ/
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| | '''c''' /kʰ/ ||
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| |-
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| !rowspan="3"|Affricate
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | | '''a''' /ɐ/ |
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| | '''ń''' /dʒ/
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| |-
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| !<small>tenuis</small>
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| | '''ḑ''' /ts/
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| | '''ġ''' /tʃ/
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| |-
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| !<small>asp.</small>
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| | '''ț''' /tsʰ/
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| | '''ċ''' /tʃʰ/
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| |-
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| !rowspan="2"|Fricative
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| !<small>unvoiced</small>
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| | '''f''' /f/
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| | '''s''' /s/
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| | '''ṡ''' /ʃ/
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| | '''ch''' /x/ || '''h''' /h/
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| |-
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| !<small>voiced</small>
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| | '''v''' /v/
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| | '''z''' /z/
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| | '''ż''' /ʒ/
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| | '''gh''' /ɣ/ ||
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Liquid
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| | '''r''' /ɾ/, '''rr''' /r/ || '''ṙ''' /r̝~ɹ/ ||
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| |-
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| !colspan="2"| Approximant
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| | '''l''' /w/ || '''ll''' /ɫ/
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| | '''j''' /j/ || ||
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| |} | | |} |
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| ==Morphology==
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| ===Nouns===
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| Nouns are relatively simple (comparable to my old Tíogall).
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| Two states: absolute and construct.
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| ===Verbs===
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| Tumacan verbs have two tenses (nonpast and past) and two aspects (imperfective and perfective). The imperfective-perfective distinction is characterized by allomorphy inherited from [[Old Eevo]]. (The perfective form derives from adding a prefix, which causes the verb to take the conjunct form. cf. Slavic languages.) Most Tumacan verbs thus have two principal parts: imperfective and perfective.
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| The old subject/TAM suffixes have been lost and tense is marked by prefixes.
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| [[Category:Tricin]]
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