@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+[[File:Вечер на Помяненном камне.jpg|thumb|right|Sunset over desolate winters of the Urals.]]
 {{Infobox language
 |name = Rówok
 |nativename = Rówok
-|pronunciation = [ro:wok]
+|pronunciation = ro:wok
 |creator = [[User:Ioscius|Ioscius]]
 |created = 2017
@@ Line 26: / Line 28: @@
-'''Rówok''' is an artlang created by [[User:Ioscius|Ioscius]].
+'''Rówok''' is an [[Artistic language|artlang]] created by [[User:Ioscius|Ioscius]].
 It is the only known daughter language of the as yet presumed language isolate [[Ruk]].
@@ Line 32: / Line 34: @@
 ==Introduction==
 ===Setting===
-[[File:Dogsled.jpg|thumb|right|A typical day for a Rówok speaker.]]
+[[File:Dogsled, Four Mile Road.jpg|thumb|right|237px|A typical day for a Rówok speaker.]]
 Spoken by a rather reclusive community that lived high in the preindustrial Ural range, Ruk was an extremely isolating language, with largely monosyllabic words and next to no inflection of any sort. Rówok on the other hand is morphologically complex. This is the result of the Ruk speakers, after centuries of living mostly on their own, having underwent a period of dispersion and travel through lands inhabited by Finnic and Slavic speakers. This resulted in both a cultural explosion and a rapid evolution of the language, as affected by analogy with speakers picking up the languages of the peoples they mingled with.
@@ Line 46: / Line 48: @@
 * trying a set of uniform [[#Ratio casuum|case endings]] (barring vowel harmony and allophony) instead of the typical IE several declension patterns, so that all the case endings are recognizable throughout all grammatical [[#Number|numbers]]
 * a vague attempt at trying [[#Vowel harmony|vowel harmony]] in a conlang
-* blurring the lines between [[#Adjectives|adjective]]/[[#Nouns|substantive]]/[[#Verbs|verb]], so the same [[#Roots and principle parts|root]] can easily be used in any of those categoriesu
+* blurring the lines between [[#Adjectives|adjective]]/[[#Nouns|substantive]]/[[#Verbs|verb]], so the same [[#Roots and principle parts|root]] can easily be used in any of those categories
 **as an extension of the previous point an implicitly extensive [[#Participles|participial]] system
 *using primarily consonantal [[#Roots and principal parts|roots]] (started out trying for triliterals, but quickly adapted to allow quadriliteral)
@@ Line 53: / Line 55: @@
 ===Inspiration===
+[[File:Urals regions map.svg|thumb|right|239px|The rough territory in which Rówok speakers are mobile.]]
 Rówok’s creator placed the speech community where he did, wanting to steal liberally from both Uralic and Slavic semantics and grammar without having to justify himself to anyone. The community is surrounded by speakers (in order of clockwise north to west) of medieval forms of Nenets, Komi, Udmurt, Mari, Russian, Estonian, and Finnish.
@@ Line 60: / Line 65: @@
 Rówok's phonology is fairly conservative, a result primarily of the author's desire to be able to actually speak it.
-All of the sounds are found in English, save for /r̝/.
+All of the sounds are found in English, save for /ɮ/ and /r̝/.
 Notable absences from the phonology are /f/ and /h/, especially given that /p/, /b/, /v/, and /g/ and /k/ all exist.
@@ Line 67: / Line 72: @@
 Rówok is written using largely the Latin alphabet as extended for South Slavic. There is also <ř> to indicate the same sound as in its inspiration in [[:w:Czech language|Czech]], namely /r̝/.
-Four letters are used perhaps unconventionally, namely <ŧ> for the voiceless interdental fricative /θ/, and <đ> for the voiced interdental fricative /ð/, instead of for /dʒ/ as is usual in South Slavic. The sound /dʒ/ is represented rather by <ğ>. Lastly, <ƚ> (honestly depending on the keyboard <ł> is sometimes used for the same phoneme) is used to represent /ɮ/.
+Four letters are used perhaps unconventionally, namely <ŧ> for the voiceless interdental fricative /θ/, and <đ> for the voiced interdental fricative /ð/, instead of for /dʒ/ as is usual in South Slavic. The sound /dʒ/ is represented rather by <ǧ>. Lastly, <ƚ> (honestly depending on the keyboard <ł> is sometimes used for the same phoneme) is used to represent /ɮ/.
 That gives us in Latin order:
-'''a b č d đ e g ğ i k l ƚ m n o p r ř s š t ŧ u v w y z ž'''
+'''a b č d đ e g ǧ i k l ƚ m n o p r ř s š t ŧ u v w y z ž'''
 See the alphabet grouped by feature in the tables below.
@@ Line 142: / Line 147: @@
 |
 |
-| '''ğ''' /dʒ/
+| '''ǧ''' /dʒ/
 |-
 ! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}}
@@ Line 273: / Line 278: @@
 All roots have an underlying "theme vowel" for lack of a better term in the author's attempt at [[#Vowel harmony|vowel harmony]], either /a/ or /o/, which shift to /e/ and /u/ in perfect verbal stems and many nouns derived from verbal stems.
-Roots with /w/ in any non-initial position have some stems where /w/ is reduced to [u]. Roots with /y/ in any non-final position also have some stems that are realized as [i]. Nota bene: roots with initial /w/ are anything goes as far as theme vowels; this is the only word type whose vowel structure isn’t deducible from the form of the root and just need to be learned.
+Roots with /w/ in any non-initial position have some stems where /w/ is reduced to [u]. Roots with /y/ in any non-final position also have some stems with a reflex of [i]. Nota bene: roots with initial /w/ are anything goes as far as theme vowels; this is the only word type whose vowel structure isn’t deducible from the form of the root and just need to be learned.
 The rules are simple for the majority of other stems, and are as follows:
@@ Line 315: / Line 320: @@
 :Participles
 *'''rokónok''' ("to speak", nominative, singular, passive, ''imperfect'' [[#Participles|participle]]) => '''rukúnuk''' (nom, sing, pass, ''perfect'' participle)
-*'''yáŧkay''' (nom, sing, middle, ''future'' participle) => '''yéŧkey''' (nom, sing, middle, ''future perfect'' participle)
+*'''yáŧkay''' ("to run", nom, sing, middle, ''future'' participle) => '''yéŧkey''' (nom, sing, middle, ''future perfect'' participle)
 ====Consonant harmony====
@@ Line 348: / Line 353: @@
 ===Stems===
-Here is a presentation of the form and use of the 6 stems in Rówok, using the following two stems as illustration, ''drb-'', "fall", and ''rwk-'', "speech":
+Here is a presentation of the form and use of the 6 stems in Rówok, using the following two roots as illustration, ''drb-'', "fall", and ''rwk-'', "speech":
 :''darb-, dŕb, dŕba, dárab, drab-, darbá''
@@ Line 357: / Line 362: @@
 :'''''rowk-''', rók, rúk, rówok, orwok-, rukú''
-The finite verbal stem is characterized by vowel clusters grouped on the right side of the root's vowel structure.
+The finite verbal stem is characterized by consonant clusters grouped on the right side of the root's vowel structure.
 It is used, well, to form finite [[#Verbs|verbs]].
 ====Participial stem====
@@ Line 385: / Line 390: @@
 :''rowk-, rók, rúk, rówok, '''orwok-''', rukú''
-The oblique stem is usually monosyllabic, characterized by the grouping of consonant clusters to the left of the word's vowel structure. When [[#Phonotactics|phonotactics]] do not allow for an initial consonant cluster, vowels are added epenthetically either before the initiral vowel in the case of liquids and nasals, but between the first to consonants in the case of all other sounds.
+The oblique stem is usually monosyllabic, characterized by the grouping of consonant clusters to the left of the word's vowel structure. When [[#Phonotactics|phonotactics]] do not allow for an initial consonant cluster, vowels are added epenthetically either before the initial vowel in the case of liquids and nasals, or between the first two consonants in the case of all other sounds.
 The oblique stem is used for the following:
@@ Line 607: / Line 612: @@
 *number
-The case system is powerful and in and of itself conveys a lot of meanings expressed by prepositional phrases in other languages, but nonetheless nouns can be followed by a number of [[#Postpositions|postpositions]], each governing a given case, or two cases in cases of split [[#Telicity|telicity]].
+The case system is powerful and in and of itself conveys a lot of meanings expressed by prepositional phrases in other languages, but nonetheless nouns can be followed by a number of [[#Postpositions|postpositions]], each governing a given case, or two cases in c
+The event of split [[#Telicity|telicity]].
 For more cf. [[#Participles|participles]].
@@ Line 627: / Line 633: @@
 It is probable, based on evidence from some archaisms, that the vocative stem was used in the phase of evolution in between Ruk and Rówok to form other cases as well, but the other cases that are in the language today are built off the [[#Oblique stem|oblique stem]].
-The total number of cases is 9 or 11, depending on how you look at it, as two of the cases are semantic allophones of other ones (see [[#Instrumental/comitative|instrumental/comitative]] and [[#Locatives|locatives]]. The cases are grouped/listed in order to show the stems from which they are built. They are the following:
+The total number of cases is 9 or 11, depending on how you look at it, as two of the cases are semantic allophones of other ones (see [[#Instrumental/comitative|instrumental/comitative]] and [[#Locatives|locatives]]). The cases are grouped/listed in order to show the stems from which they are built. They are the following:
 #[[#Vocative|Vocative]], a '''principal part'''
@@ Line 691: / Line 697: @@
 :For more info cf. [[#Telicity|telicity]]
-The '''genetive case''' has the ending '''-rXz''' or '''-Xrz''', which [[#Ratio casuum|comes from]] the root '''ryz''', "seed".
+The '''genitive case''' has the ending '''-rXz''' or '''-Xrz''', which [[#Ratio casuum|comes from]] the root '''ryz''', "seed".
 It is used in the following ways:
@@ Line 719: / Line 725: @@
 ====Locatives====
-The '''locative case''' has the ending '''-bi''' or '''-pi''', which [[#Ratio casuum|comes from]] the root '''bwy''', "place".
+There are two '''locative cases''', with the endings '''-bi''' and '''-pi''' respectively, both of which [[#Ratio casuum|comes from]] the root '''bwy''', "place".
-It is used in the following way:
+They are used in the following way:
-*as a pure locative
+*as pure locatives
-*as a [[#Postpositions|postpositional]]
+*as [[#Postpositions|postpositionals]]
 Like  the [[#Instrumental/(a)comitative|instrumental]], the locative features a semantic allophonic variant. Namely the voiced variant '''-bi''' is used for '''inessive''' or '''intrative''' meanings, while the unvoiced version '''-pi''' is used for '''superessive''' or '''adessive''' senses. The meanings, when needed, are complemented by certain [[#Postpositions|postpositions]].
+[[File:My little white dog Bella playing in the snow.jpg|thumb|right|247px|'''balá''žbi mówok''''' - the dog is in the snow]]
+[[File:Dog park husky.jpg|thumb|right|247px|'''balá''špi mówok''''' - the dog is on the snow]]
 Examples:
@@ Line 739: / Line 748: @@
 :they are running '''on/along''' the snow
-With other phonemes at the end, for instance:
+Or:
 - root '''mwk''', "dog", => plural: '''mowokín'''
@@ Line 745: / Line 754: @@
 :3) '''mwokí''mbi'' korowín'''
 :dog.pl.'''INE''' worms
-:there are worms '''in''' dogs (idiomatically, dogs have worms)
+:there are worms '''in''' dogs (the dogs have worms)
 :4) '''mwokí''npi'' sarabín'''
 :dog.pl.'''SUPE''' fleas
-:there are fleas '''on''' dogs (idiomatically the dogs have fleas)
+:there are fleas '''on''' dogs (the dogs have fleas)
 ====Instrumental/(a)comitative====
@@ Line 756: / Line 765: @@
 It is used in the following ways:
 *as a pure instrumental and comitative
-*as a pure caritive and acomitative
+*as a pure caritive and acomitative¹
 *as what would seem logical as the direct object of some middle verbs, such as '''play'''
 *along with the [[#Adverbial form|adverb]] in the sense of a Latin [[:w:Ablative absolute|ablative absolute]]
-Like  the [[#Locatives|locative]], the instrumental features a semantic allophonic variant. Namely the voiced variant '''-gdx/gXd''' has the meanings listed above, largely translated by '''with''' in English, while the unvoiced version '''-ktX/-kXt''' is used as a '''caritive''' or '''acomitative'''.
+¹Like the [[#Locatives|locative cases]], the instrumental features a semantic allophonic variant. Namely the voiced variant '''-gdx/gXd''' has the meanings listed above, largely translated as '''with''' or "by means of" in English, while the unvoiced version '''-ktX/-kXt''' is used as a '''caritive''' or '''acomitative''', usually translated as "without" or "lacking".
 ===Nominal derivation===
@@ Line 768: / Line 777: @@
 ====Productive derivatives====
+[[File:Mist over the Eramosa River - Guelph, Ontario.jpg|thumb|left|''itolibóypi ražgáyža'', a mist over a confluence of two streams.]]
 *'''-bXy-''', used to indicate the '''place''' where something takes place
@@ Line 780: / Line 790: @@
 **'''''uwlunyúndu''''', "the moon festival"; '''''mukyúndu''''', "the annual dog mating"; '''''yatnačyánda''''', "a big race"
 *'''-zXyb-''', used to mean a '''thing or object''' related to the root, a very vague stem, akin to "-amajig"
-**'''''lalábzab''''', "a thing used for sleep (could be a pillow, blanket, stuffed animal, Valium, whatever)"
+**'''''lalábzayb''''', "a thing used for sleep (could be a pillow, blanket, stuffed animal, Valium, whatever)"
 ====Non-productive derivatives====
@@ Line 877: / Line 887: @@
 ===Basics===
 ====Verbal number====
-Verbs are conjugated and [[#Participles|participes]] are declined in three numbers:
+Verbs are conjugated and [[#Participles|participles]] are declined in three numbers:
 *singular
@@ Line 975: / Line 985: @@
 |
 | '''karn- > kačarn-'''
-| '''garn- > gağarn-'''
+| '''garn- > gaǧarn-'''
 |-
 ! style="" |{{sc|nasals}}
@@ Line 1,120: / Line 1,130: @@
 | {{sc|formula}}     || {{sc|rí ind+rX, ind+rX}}                || {{sc|rí ind, ind}}                  || {{sc|rí ind+k/gXy, ind+kXy}}
 |-
-| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bálsŧari, kwgoŧlínok gárbđarat''' || '''rí bálsŧa, kwgoŧlínok gárbđat''' || '''rí balsŧákaya, kwgoŧlínok gárbđagayt'''
+| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bálsŧari, kwogoŧlínok gárbđarat''' || '''rí bálsŧa, kwogoŧlínok gárbđat''' || '''rí balsŧákaya, kwogoŧlínok gárbđagayt'''
 |-
 | {{sc|translation}} || if it snowed, I took my skis            || If it snows, I take my skis         || If it snows (in the future), I'll take my skis
@@ Line 1,129: / Line 1,139: @@
 | {{sc|formula}}     || {{sc|rí ind+rX, IRR+rX}}                  || {{sc|rí ind, IRR}}                    || {{sc|rí ind+k/gXy, POT}}
 |-
-| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bálsŧari, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđarat''' || '''rí bálsŧa, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđat''' || '''rí balsŧákaya, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''
+| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bálsŧari, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđarat''' || '''rí bálsŧa, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđat''' || '''rí balsŧákaya, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''
 |-
-| {{sc|translation}} || If it snowed, I probably took my skis     || if it snows, I generally take my skis || If it should snow, I'll likely take my skis
+| {{sc|translation}} || If it snowed, I probably took my skis      || if it snows, I generally take my skis || If it should snow, I'll likely take my skis
 |-
 |
@@ Line 1,140: / Line 1,150: @@
 | {{sc|formula}}     || {{sc|rí IRR+rX, IRR+rX}}                    || {{sc|rí IRR, POT}}                       || {{sc|rí POT, OPT}}
 |-
-| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí baválsŧara, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđarat''' || '''rí baválsŧa, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''   || '''rí bavalsŧákaya, gažarbđázbgayt'''
+| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí baválsŧara, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđarat''' || '''rí baválsŧa, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''   || '''rí bavalsŧákaya, kwogoŧlínok gažarbđázbgayt'''
 |-
 | {{sc|translation}} || If it ever snowed, I surely took my skis    || If it ever snows (maybe we're in a dry spell), I'll take my skis || If it were ever to snow (maybe I live in a desert), I suppose I'd take my skis
@@ Line 1,149: / Line 1,159: @@
 | {{sc|formula}}     || {{sc|rí OPT+rX, POT+rX}}                          || {{sc|rí POT, POT}}                                || {{sc|rí OPT, OPT}}
 |-
-| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bavalsŧáspara, kwgoŧlínok gažarbđagáyrat''' || '''rí bavalsŧákaya, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''   || '''rí bavalsŧáspa, kwgoŧlínok gažarbđázbgayt'''
+| {{sc|example}}     || '''rí bavalsŧáspara, kwogoŧlínok gažarbđagáyrat''' || '''rí bavalsŧákaya, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''   || '''rí bavalsŧáspa, kwogoŧlínok gažarbđázbgayt'''
 |-
 | {{sc|translation}} || If it had snowed, I'd have taken my skis          || If it were snowing, I'd take my skis             || If it snowed (in a place where it is impossible for snow to fall based on the laws of (astro and geo)physics), I'd take my skis (but don't bloody count on it)
@@ Line 1,158: / Line 1,168: @@
 *There's also the so-called mixed conditional, combining the protasis of the past bloody freaking impossible condition and the apodosis of the present not very likely, so:
-:'''''rí bavalsŧáspara, kwgoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''''
+:'''''rí bavalsŧáspara, kwogoŧlínok gažárbđagayt'''''
 :"If it had snowed sometime in the past, I'd take my skis with me right now."
-*The future bloody freaking impossible condition may seem of spurious use, but imagine a scenario like winning the lottery: not only are my mathematical chances of winning a big lottery something like 1/160,000,000, but I also do not in fact play the lottery, making my practical chances of winning the lottery about nil. This condition is perfect to express, then: "if i ever won the lottery (but I surely won't), I would buy a hippopotamus" (that part's true, I really would buy a hippo).
+*The future bloody freaking impossible condition may seem of spurious use, but imagine a scenario like winning the lottery: not only are my mathematical chances of winning a big lottery something like 1/160,000,000, but I also do not in fact play the lottery, making my practical chances of winning the lottery about nil. This condition is perfect to express, then: "if I ever won the lottery (but I surely won't), I would buy a hippopotamus" (that part's true, I really would buy a hippo).
 ===Participles===
@@ Line 1,622: / Line 1,632: @@
 |
 | '''k''' => '''č'''
-| '''g''' => '''ğ'''
+| '''g''' => '''ǧ'''
 |-
 ! style="" |{{sc|nasals}}
@@ Line 1,704: / Line 1,714: @@
 |
 | '''č''' <= '''k'''
-| '''ğ''' <= '''g'''
+| '''ǧ''' <= '''g'''
 |-
 ! style="" |{{sc|fricatives}}
@@ Line 1,898: / Line 1,908: @@
 The first of each set of the following 6 sentences shows the middle voice and how agency differs between the alignment of the verbal structure depending on the semantic of the verb. Then follow examples with the same grammatical subject and main verb provided in the [[#Active voice|active]] and [[#Passive|passive]] for comparison.
+[[File:Wild brother; strangest of true stories from the north woods (1921) (14597964778).jpg|thumb|right|A bear and a dog playing nice, and not fighting. ]]
 - root '''krp''', "to fight"
@@ Line 2,119: / Line 2,131: @@
 |
 |before
-|
+|'''ižin'''
 |regardless of
 |
@@ Line 2,218: / Line 2,230: @@
 #Non-telic: whatever noun was not affected by the action of the verb. This is expressed in the [[#Genitive|genitive case]].
-#Remotely telic: for actions not even attempted or begun, or for actions given the bare minimum of effort, sometimes with a pejorative sense, i.e. when the speaker wouldn't deign or dare to do something; expressed with the [[#Partitive|partitive case]].
+#Remotely telic: for actions not even attempted or begun, or for actions given the bare minimum of effort, sometimes with a pejorative sense, i.e. when the speaker wouldn't deign or dare to do something; expressed with the [[#Partitive|partitive case]]. This structure is often doubled or repeated in an inchoative verb infix.
 {{Gloss
-|phrase =1)
+|phrase =1) ára zaláyštarz lunú yésŧyet
 |IPA =
-| morphemes =
+| morphemes = ára zaláyšt-arz lunú yés-ŧy-e-t
-| gloss =
+| gloss = NEG biology-GEN NEG study-MID-PERF-1S
-| translation =
+| translation = I didn't finish studying biology.
 }}
 {{Gloss
-|phrase =2)
+|phrase =2) ára zaláyštasab lunú yásŧyat
 |IPA =
-| morphemes =
+| morphemes = ára zaláyšta-sab lunú yás-ŧy-a-t
-| gloss =
+| gloss = NEG biology-PART NEG study-MID-IMPF-1S
-| translation =
+| translation = I've never studied biology (at all).
 }}
@@ Line 2,372: / Line 2,384: @@
 #Defining relative clauses are formed by means of a [[#Participles|participial construction]] with the resumptive relativizer '''''dXž''''' (from root '''dyz-''', "do") agreeing in case '''and vocalic phonetic structure''' with the relativized participle, '''but not number'''. It comes directly after the relativized participle for clauses containing just one word (1a), and introduces relative clauses for words with more than one word (1b).
 #Non-defining relative clauses are formed with the [[#True wh- words|short form of the wh- word]] in the appropriate case and aspect, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause''' if its subject (2a), otherwise '''with the vocalic structure of the nominal antecedent''' from the main clause (2b).
-#Generic relative clauses of the sort "Whosoever should do X..." are formed with a mix of the short form of the wh- word with a phonetically reduced verion of "dXž", namely '''''-Xğ''''' infixed between it and the case ending, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause'''.
+#Generic relative clauses of the sort "Whosoever should do X..." are formed with a mix of the short form of the wh- word with a phonetically reduced verion of "dXž", namely '''''-Xǧ-''''' infixed between it and the case ending, and '''agreeing with the vocalic structure of the verb in the relative clause'''.
 In the glosses below [brackets] are used to show whence the relativizer draws its vocalic structure.
+[[File:Greenland 323 (34777287800).jpg|thumb|right|Dogs that are, in fact, barking.]]
 {{Gloss
@@ Line 2,402: / Line 2,416: @@
 {{Gloss
-|phrase = 2a) ŧórz mówok, pás áyta, ára kéyk-e lunú
+|phrase = 2a) ŧórz mówok, pás áyta, ára kéyke lunú
 |IPA =
 | morphemes = ŧ-órz mówok, [pás áyt-a], ára kéyk-e lunú
@@ Line 2,419: / Line 2,433: @@
 {{Gloss
-|phrase = 3) pubúğ nukwúŧyu, aráda dáyma
+|phrase = 3) pubúǧ nukwúŧyu, aráda dáyma
 |IPA =
-| morphemes = [pub-úğ nukwú-ŧy-u], aráda dáym-a
+| morphemes = [pub-úǧ nukwú-ŧy-u], aráda dáym-a
 | gloss = [whither-REL arrive.PERF-MID-3S.IND], sun.ERG shine.IMPERF-3S.IND
 | translation = Wherever you go, the sun shall shine (wherever it is arrived at, the sun shines).
@@ Line 2,465: / Line 2,479: @@
 | {{sc|instr./comit.}} || {{sc|-gdX / -gXd}}  || '''dẊžX'''   || '''pẊžX'''   || '''pẊmžX'''
 |-
-| {{sc|caritive}}      || {{sc|-ktX / -kXt}}  || '''dẊžX'''   || '''pẊšX'''   || '''pẊnšX'''
+| {{sc|caritive}}      || {{sc|-ktX / -kXt}}  || '''dẊšX'''   || '''pẊšX'''   || '''pẊnšX'''
 |}
@@ Line 2,495: / Line 2,509: @@
 =====Correlative subordinating conjunctions=====
 *'''rí...wúnda''' (or vice versa) - if...then
-*'''kál...tún''' one the one hand, then; μέν...δέ
+*'''kál(i)...tún''' one the one hand, then; μέν...δέ
 ====Clitics====
@@ Line 2,569: / Line 2,583: @@
 The particles used to express "more X than Y" are:
-*'''''rúzğu''''', "not so much"
+*'''''rúzǧu''''', "not so much"
 ====As X as Y====
 The particles used to express "so" or "as X as Y" are:
-*'''''ğú''''', "so much"
+*'''''ǧú''''', "so much"
 {{Gloss
-|phrase = ówkroz ''bŕsam gú'' tasí kún/kungúyz' ára pwólno lunú
+|phrase = ówkroz ''bŕsam ǧú'' tasí kún/kungúyz' ára pwólno lunú
 |IPA =
-| morphemes = ówk.roz '''bŕs.am ğú''' tas.í kún/kun.gúyzu ára pwóln.o lunú
+| morphemes = ówk.roz '''bŕs.am ǧú''' tas.í kún/kun.gúyzu ára pwóln.o lunú
 | gloss = time-GEN '''foot-SIM EMPH''' silent-ADV nothing/nothing-NMZ NEG tread.lightly-3S.IMP.IND RES.NEG
 | translation = '''like the''' of time '''foot so''' silent nothing doesn't tread at all = "Naught treads '''so''' silent '''as the foot''' of Time..." - Edward Young
@@ Line 2,691: / Line 2,705: @@
 }}
-<!--Kúg ŧórp Žówoš, tó kút
+<!--
+Kúg ŧórp Žówoš, tó kút Amiríkabi rodónok, murú nú Sloviníybi zál.
+name-VOC me-BEN Josh, i-VOC/ERG man-VOC America-INES born-PP, today TOP Slovenia-INES living-PRESP
+My name is Josh, I am a man from America, now living in Slovenia.
+Gódoli ŧórp woktróli, záni-ka gársa, ti múk láyŧa.
+son-VOC.DU me-BEN strong-PRESP.DU, wife-VOC-CONJ great, and dog-VOC silly-PRESP
+I have two strong boys, a great wife, and a silly dog.
+Orwokímdo alapáymda-ga tlačínča wonróŧyot.
+languages-INST words-INST-CON furs-TEL hunt-1S.MID.IND
+I hunt my furs with languages and words. (to hunt one's furs=to make a living by)
+Dwopímdo vibropongod-go, kitaráymda ukililigúd-gu gánŧyat.
+drums-INST vibraphone-INST-CONJ, guitars-INST ukelele-INST-CONJ sing.DIM-1S-MID-IND,
+Bwokínroz zalínka pestenkínrez galnŧyat.
+bones-GEN animals-TEL bury.PP-GEN-PL adore-1S-MID-IND
+I love the animals of the buried bones (the native expression for "dinosaur", as Rówok speakers have no knowledge of modern paleontology*).
+*You could form "bukíštu", basically bone+ology, to mean paleontology. Otherwise to borrow the modern, international term, phonetically you could say "dinozowrínko galnŧyat"
 -->
@@ Line 2,702: / Line 2,737: @@
 *'''''arznáynta''''', "good night", for friends and acquaintances in parting (literally: "free of bears")
 *'''''nówoz gukú''''', "good night", for family, lovers, etc.
+*'''''ašávapař knarímbi yówčŧop''''', "you're crying over a stick in the woods" = "you're wallowing in misery while an endless amount of opportunities surrounds you"
 ====Dog idioms====
+[[File:Sharr dogs.jpg|thumb|right|"Three dogs, no leash" - a Rówok expression meaning a person has control over a situation.]]
 As mentioned above, dogs are an integral part of Rówok culture; as such, many idioms are related to dogs and human interaction with them
@@ Line 2,717: / Line 2,755: @@
 ====Snow idioms====
+[[File:Sninský kameň (v zime) 010.jpg|thumb|left|371px|"Sideways snow" - an expression meaning "hard to understand/interpret/decipher".]]
 Living nearly year-round under snowcover, there are also a lot of idioms related to snow and the cold.
@@ Line 2,722: / Line 2,762: @@
 *'''''bálsŧya belsénkpre''''', "it is snowing upon fallen snow" = to beat a dead horse; to preach to the choir
 *'''''zála párzđya, plút nú sálŧya''''', "life is cold, death is freezing" = "life sucks and then you die"
-*'''''ráda goğówkŧispo nú bĺsa sašálŧispa''''', "may the sun be warm and the snow freezing" = "travel safe"
+*'''''ráda goǧówkŧispo nú bĺsa sašálŧispa''''', "may the sun be warm and the snow freezing" = "travel safe"
 *'''''tuzdú, gáři, barsá-lun/brážgađ, dlnádgad, twozgód-vo, gáři, párz išána''''', "by sled, young one, not by foot"/by foot, by snowshoe, by sled, young one, your choice" = "brains over brawn", "work smarter not harder"
+*'''''álvyank blášpi / vƚašínpi yižin solwóŧišop''''', "you're hoarding bark* before the snow/some flurries" = "you're panicking, doing something unnecessary when you could be focusing attention elsewhere"
 ==Other resources==

Rówok: Difference between revisions

Rówok (view source)

Revision as of 10:27, 27 April 2024