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Ormå: Difference between revisions
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It is a fusional SOV language that, like all other Ulmic languages, heavily features nasalised vowels. | It is a fusional SOV language that, like all other Ulmic languages, heavily features nasalised vowels. | ||
==Etymology== | |||
''Ormå'' comes from Ancient Ormå ''ormorri'', a term referring to a tundra that is naturally protected from harsher winds by some other geographical feature, typically hills. ''ormorri'' may come from Proto-Ulmic ''*olmuy'', "silence", which would make Pêrsir ''ulmii'', "volume", cognate with ''ormorri''. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
Ormå uses a modified form of the Standard Ulmic Script(SUS)<ref>har har</ref>, which includes a special letter, ⟨å⟩, that represents the phoneme /ɔ/, which among Ulmic languages is unique to Ormå. | Ormå uses a modified form of the Standard Ulmic Script(SUS)<ref>har har</ref>, which includes a special letter, ⟨å⟩, that represents the phoneme /ɔ/, which among Ulmic languages is unique to Ormå. Additionally, the common digraphs ⟨sk⟩ and ⟨zg⟩ are pronounced /sˠ/ and /zˠ/ respectively, instead of /sk̚/ and /zg̚/ in other Ulmic languages like Pêrsir or Pailä. | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | ||
!colspan=2 | !! Bilabial !! Alveolar !! Velar !! Palatal | !colspan=2 | !! Bilabial/<br>Labiodental !! Alveolar !! Velar !! Palatal | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Plosive | ! rowspan=2 | Plosive | ||
| Line 45: | Line 47: | ||
! rowspan=2 | Fricative | ! rowspan=2 | Fricative | ||
! pulmonic | ! pulmonic | ||
| || s z || rowspan=2 | x || ç | | f v|| s z || rowspan=2 | x || ç | ||
|- | |- | ||
! velarised | ! velarised | ||
| || sˠ zˠ || | | fˠ vˠ || sˠ zˠ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan=2 | Approximant | ! rowspan=2 | Approximant | ||
| Line 90: | Line 92: | ||
Ormå has no stress pattern, though most speakers tend to go towards paroxytonic stress. | Ormå has no stress pattern, though most speakers tend to go towards paroxytonic stress. | ||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
===Nouns=== | |||
====Gender==== | |||
Ormå has four grammatical genders: '''masculine''', '''feminine''', '''passive neuter''' and '''active neuter'''. The distinction between passive and active neuter is quite vague, though the general pattern is that if it is a countable geographical feature that moves by itself, such as a river(''mittä''), it is '''active''' and if not, like a watershed(''nncẽ''), it is '''passive'''. However, some words, like ''krỹse''("snowy mountain"), which would logically be passive, is actually active, because in Ormå mythology, the God of Snowy Mountains, ''Ukkäjan'', supposedly causes avalanches to deter climbers of Mount Kakkijajå, thus making snowy mountains ''active'' deterers of climbers. Many of these logical exceptions in the neuter gender are rooted in Ormå mythology. | |||
====Number==== | |||
Ormå, like all Ulmic languages, differentiates between single, dual and plural grammatical number, which vary according to the four grammatical genders of masculine, feminine, passive neuter and active neuter. | |||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Grammatical number with ''thåsk'', ''skyd'', ''nncẽ'' & ''mittä'' | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" style="background:linear-gradient(to top right,#EAECF0 49.5%,#aaa 49.5%,#aaa 50.5%,#EAECF0 50.5%);line-height:1;" | <div style="margin-left:2em;text-align:right;">number </div><div style="margin-right:2em;text-align:left;"> gender</div> !! Singular !! Dual !! Plural | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2 | Masculine | |||
| ''thåsk''<br>"rock" || ''thåsk'''i''''' || ''thåsk'''ir''''' | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2 | Feminine | |||
| ''skyd''<br>"bulb" || ''skyd'''je''''' || ''skyd'''jus''''' | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan=2 | Neuter | |||
! Passive | |||
| ''nncẽ''<br>"watershed" || ''nncẽ'''mmi''' || ''nncẽ'''mmä''' | |||
|- | |||
! Active | |||
| ''mittä''<br>"river" || ''mittä'''pyr''''' || ''mittä'''fyr''''' | |||
|} | |||
==Other resources== | ==Other resources== | ||
[[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Yeldhic languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Conlangs]] [[Category:Yeldhic languages]] | ||