Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA): Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
| name              = Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA)
| altname          = Prime Antarctic Pidgin (PAP)
| nativename        = Antarctic
| acceptance        = Official language
| image            = Proposed_flag_of_Antarctica_%28Graham_Bartram%29.svg
| imagesize        = 250px
| imagecaption      = Flag of United Nations of Antarctica
| creator          = User:Caesar05
| created          = 2021
| setting          = [[w:Trinity Peninsula|Trinity Peninsula]] (de facto), [[w:Antarctic Peninsula|Antarctic Peninsula]] (de jure)
| states            = [[w:Esperanza Base|United Nations of Antarctica, Esperanza Base]]
| ethnicity        = [[w:Demographics of Antarctica|Antarctic]]
| extinct          = ∼2250
| familycolor      = Pidgin
| ancestor1        = Various 21st century languages
| dia1              = [[Proto-Antarctic (PPA)|Proto-Antarctic]]
| map              = Ant-pen-map-Trinity-Peninsula.PNG
| mapsize          = 350px
| mapcaption        = Trinity Peninsula
| notice            = IPA [adds notice for IPA notation]
}}
== Introduction ==
=== Classification ===
{{clade
  |label1=Various 21st century languages of Antarctica|state1=dashed
  |1={{Clade
      |label1=Surviving languages
      |1={{clade
        |1=Basic English
        |2=Residual Spanish
        |3=Residual Russian
        |4=Other sporadic residual languages, creoles and pidgins
        }}
  |2={{Clade
      |label1='''Prime Pidgin of Antarctica'''
      |1={{clade
        |1=Nuclear (Group A) > Early PPA
        |2=Central (Group B) > Standard PPA > [[Proto-Antarctic (PPA)|Proto-Antarctic]]
        |3=Peripheral (Group C) > Late PPA
        }}
      }}
  }}
}}
=== Linguistic history of Antarctica ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Language
!Words
|-
|English
|467
|-
|Spanish
|248
|-
|Russian
|105
|-
|French
|32
|-
|Korean
|30
|-
|Japanese
|29
|-
|Chinese
|28
|-
|Italian
|23
|-
|German
|18
|-
|Hindi
|17
|-
|Portuguese
|15
|-
|Dutch
|14
|-
|Norwegian
|10
|-
|Polish
|10
|-
|Ukrainian
|5
|-
|Afrikaans
|4
|-
|Xhosa
|4
|-
|Zulu
|4
|-
|Swedish
|4
|-
|Finnish
|3
|-
|Czech
|2
|-
|Romanian
|2
|-
|Bulgarian
|2
|}
=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! rowspan="2" |Labial
! colspan="3" |Coronal
! colspan="2" |Dorsal
|-
!Dento-Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Palatal
!Velar
!Glottal
|-
! colspan="2" |Nasal
|m
|n
|(ɳ)
|(ɲ)
|ŋ
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Plosive
!Voiceless
|p
|t
|(ʈ)
|(c)
|k
|(ʔ)
|-
!Voiced
|b
|d
|
|(ɟ)
|g
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Fricative
!Voiceless
|f
|s
|
|(ʃ)
|(x)
|h
|-
!Voiced
|(v)
|(z)
|
|(ʒ)
|(ɣ)
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |Liquid
!Rhotic
|(β)
|r
|(ɻ)
|(ɾ)
|
|
|-
!Lateral
|
|l
|(ɭ)
|
|
|
|}
=== Vowels and approximants ===
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |
!Front
!Central
!Back
|-
! colspan="2" |Approximant
|j
|
|w
|-
! rowspan="2" |High
!Tense
|i
| rowspan="2" |(ɨ)
|u
|-
!Lax
|(ɪ)
|(ʊ)
|-
! rowspan="2" |Mid
!Tense
|e
| rowspan="2" |(ə)
|o
|-
!Lax
|(ɛ)
|(ɔ)
|-
! colspan="2" |Low
|
|a
|
|}
=== Orthography ===
{| class="wikitable"
!N.
!Letter
!IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
!N.
!Letter
!IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
!N.
!Letter
! IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
|-
!1
!m
! /m/
|e'''m'''
|
|English
!2
!i
! /i/
|'''i'''
|
|English
!3
!c
!/k/
|'''k'''ii
|
|English
|-
!4
!y
! /j/
|'''j'''aɪ
|
|English
!5
!u
! /u/
|'''u'''
|
|English
!6
!a
!/a/
|'''a'''
|
|English
|-
!7
!p
!/p/
|'''p'''ii
|
|English
!8
!w
!/w/
|'''w'''ii
|
|English
! 9
!n
!/n/
|e'''n'''
|
|English
|-
! 10
!t
!/t/
|'''t'''ii
|
|English
!11
!l
!/l/
|e'''l'''
|
|English
!12
!s
!/s/
|e'''s'''
|
|English
|-
!13
!b
!/b/
|'''b'''ii
|
|English
!14
!ng
!/ŋ/
|e'''ŋ'''
|
|English
!15
!e
! /e/
|'''e'''
|
|English
|-
!16
!o
!/o/
|'''o'''
|
|English
! 17
!g
!/g/
|'''g'''ii
|
|English
!18
!h
!/h/
|'''h'''eɪtʃ
|
|English
|-
!19
!d
!/d/
|'''d'''ii
|
|English
!20
!r
!/r/
|e'''r'''e
|
|Spanish
!21
!f
!/f/
|e'''f'''e
|
|Spanish
|-
! 22
!ñ
!/ɲ/
|e'''ɲ'''e
|
|Spanish
! 23
!ch
!/ʃ/
|'''ʃ'''e
|
|Spanish
!24
!-
!/ʔ/
|gi'''ʔ'''on
|
|Spanish
|-
!25
!é
!/ɛ/
|'''ɛ'''
|
|Spanish
!26
!ó
!/ɔ/
|'''ɔ'''
|
|Spanish
!27
!z
!/z/
|'''z'''eta
|
|Spanish
|-
!28
!ll
!/ʒ/
|e'''ʒ'''e
|
|Spanish
!29
!v
!/v/
|'''v'''e
|
|Spanish
!30
!р
!/ɾ/
|ɛ'''ɾ'''
|
|Russian
|-
!31
!а
!/ə/
|'''ə'''
|
|Russian
!32
!х
!/x/
|'''x'''a
|
|Russian
!33
!ы
!/ɨ/
|'''ɨ'''
|
|Russian
|-
!34
!tt
!/ʈ/
|'''ʈ'''e
|
|French
!35
!ㅣ
!/ɪ/
|'''ɪ'''
|
|Korean
!36
!ガ
!/ɣ/
|'''ɣ'''a
|
|Japanese
|-
!37
!七
!/c/
|'''c'''ii
|
|Chinese
!38
!ù
!/ʊ/
|'''ʊ'''
|
|Italian
!39
!nk
!/ɳ/
|ɛ'''ɳ'''
|
|German
|-
!40
!ज
!/ɟ/
|'''ɟ'''ə
|
|Hindi
!41
!lh
!/ɭ/
|ɛ'''ɭ'''i
|
|Portuguese
!42
!wh
!/β/
|'''β'''ee
|
|Dutch
|-
!43
!р'
!/ɻ/
|ɛ'''ɻ'''
|
|Ukrainian
!
!
!
|
|
|
!
!
!
|
|
|
|}
=== Prosody ===
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Complex
!Simplified
!Diacritic
|-
!High
|˦˥
|˦
|á (Acute accent)
|-
!Mid
|˦˧˨
|(˧)
|a (Without accent)
|-
!Low
|˨˩
|˨
|à (Grave accent)
|}
=== Orthography ===
{| class="wikitable"
!N.
!Letter
!IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
!N.
!Letter
!IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
!N.
!Letter
! IPA
!Name
!Original pronunciation
!Source language
|-
!1
!m
! /m/
|e'''m'''
|
|English
!2
!i
! /i/
|'''i'''
|
|English
!3
!c
!/k/
|'''k'''ii
|
|English
|-
!4
!y
! /j/
|'''j'''aɪ
|
|English
!5
!u
! /u/
|'''u'''
|
|English
!6
!a
!/a/
|'''a'''
|
|English
|-
!7
!p
!/p/
|'''p'''ii
|
|English
!8
!w
!/w/
|'''w'''ii
|
|English
! 9
!n
!/n/
|e'''n'''
|
|English
|-
! 10
!t
!/t/
|'''t'''ii
|
|English
!11
!l
!/l/
|e'''l'''
|
|English
!12
!s
!/s/
|e'''s'''
|
|English
|-
!13
!b
!/b/
|'''b'''ii
|
|English
!14
!ng
!/ŋ/
|e'''ŋ'''
|
|English
!15
!e
! /e/
|'''e'''
|
|English
|-
!16
!o
!/o/
|'''o'''
|
|English
! 17
!g
!/g/
|'''g'''ii
|
|English
!18
!h
!/h/
|'''h'''eɪtʃ
|
|English
|-
!19
!d
!/d/
|'''d'''ii
|
|English
!20
!r
!/r/
|e'''r'''e
|
|Spanish
!21
!f
!/f/
|e'''f'''e
|
|Spanish
|-
! 22
!ñ
!/ɲ/
|e'''ɲ'''e
|
|Spanish
! 23
!ch
!/ʃ/
|'''ʃ'''e
|
|Spanish
!24
!-
!/ʔ/
|gi'''ʔ'''on
|
|Spanish
|-
!25
!é
!/ɛ/
|'''ɛ'''
|
|Spanish
!26
!ó
!/ɔ/
|'''ɔ'''
|
|Spanish
!27
!z
!/z/
|'''z'''eta
|
|Spanish
|-
!28
!ll
!/ʒ/
|e'''ʒ'''e
|
|Spanish
!29
!v
!/v/
|'''v'''e
|
|Spanish
!30
!р
!/ɾ/
|ɛ'''ɾ'''
|
|Russian
|-
!31
!а
!/ə/
|'''ə'''
|
|Russian
!32
!х
!/x/
|'''x'''a
|
|Russian
!33
!ы
!/ɨ/
|'''ɨ'''
|
|Russian
|-
!34
!tt
!/ʈ/
|'''ʈ'''e
|
|French
!35
!ㅣ
!/ɪ/
|'''ɪ'''
|
|Korean
!36
!ガ
!/ɣ/
|'''ɣ'''a
|
|Japanese
|-
!37
!七
!/c/
|'''c'''ii
|
|Chinese
!38
!ù
!/ʊ/
|'''ʊ'''
|
|Italian
!39
!nk
!/ɳ/
|ɛ'''ɳ'''
|
|German
|-
!40
!ज
!/ɟ/
|'''ɟ'''ə
|
|Hindi
!41
!lh
!/ɭ/
|ɛ'''ɭ'''i
|
|Portuguese
!42
!wh
!/β/
|'''β'''ee
|
|Dutch
|-
!43
!р'
!/ɻ/
|ɛ'''ɻ'''
|
|Ukrainian
!
!
!
|
|
|
!
!
!
|
|
|
|}
[[Category:PPA]]

Revision as of 15:30, 21 July 2024

Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA)
Prime Antarctic Pidgin (PAP)
Antarctic
(Official language)
Proposed flag of Antarctica (Graham Bartram).svg
Flag of United Nations of Antarctica
Created byCaesar05
Date2021
SettingTrinity Peninsula (de facto), Antarctic Peninsula (de jure)
Native toUnited Nations of Antarctica, Esperanza Base
EthnicityAntarctic
Extinct∼2250
Pidgin
  • Prime Pidgin of Antarctica (PPA)
Early form
Various 21st century languages
Dialect
Ant-pen-map-Trinity-Peninsula.PNG
Trinity Peninsula

Introduction

Classification

Various 21st century languages of Antarctica
Surviving languages

Basic English



Residual Spanish



Residual Russian



Other sporadic residual languages, creoles and pidgins




Prime Pidgin of Antarctica

Nuclear (Group A) > Early PPA



Central (Group B) > Standard PPA > Proto-Antarctic



Peripheral (Group C) > Late PPA






Linguistic history of Antarctica

Language Words
English 467
Spanish 248
Russian 105
French 32
Korean 30
Japanese 29
Chinese 28
Italian 23
German 18
Hindi 17
Portuguese 15
Dutch 14
Norwegian 10
Polish 10
Ukrainian 5
Afrikaans 4
Xhosa 4
Zulu 4
Swedish 4
Finnish 3
Czech 2
Romanian 2
Bulgarian 2

Consonants

Labial Coronal Dorsal
Dento-Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n (ɳ) (ɲ) ŋ
Plosive Voiceless p t (ʈ) (c) k (ʔ)
Voiced b d (ɟ) g
Fricative Voiceless f s (ʃ) (x) h
Voiced (v) (z) (ʒ) (ɣ)
Liquid Rhotic (β) r (ɻ) (ɾ)
Lateral l (ɭ)

Vowels and approximants

Front Central Back
Approximant j w
High Tense i (ɨ) u
Lax (ɪ) (ʊ)
Mid Tense e (ə) o
Lax (ɛ) (ɔ)
Low a

Orthography

N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language
1 m /m/ em English 2 i /i/ i English 3 c /k/ kii English
4 y /j/ jaɪ English 5 u /u/ u English 6 a /a/ a English
7 p /p/ pii English 8 w /w/ wii English 9 n /n/ en English
10 t /t/ tii English 11 l /l/ el English 12 s /s/ es English
13 b /b/ bii English 14 ng /ŋ/ eŋ English 15 e /e/ e English
16 o /o/ o English 17 g /g/ gii English 18 h /h/ heɪtʃ English
19 d /d/ dii English 20 r /r/ ere Spanish 21 f /f/ efe Spanish
22 ñ /ɲ/ eɲe Spanish 23 ch /ʃ/ ʃe Spanish 24 - /ʔ/ giʔon Spanish
25 é /ɛ/ ɛ Spanish 26 ó /ɔ/ ɔ Spanish 27 z /z/ zeta Spanish
28 ll /ʒ/ eʒe Spanish 29 v /v/ ve Spanish 30 р /ɾ/ ɛɾ Russian
31 а /ə/ ə Russian 32 х /x/ xa Russian 33 ы /ɨ/ ɨ Russian
34 tt /ʈ/ ʈe French 35 ㅣ /ɪ/ ɪ Korean 36 ガ /ɣ/ ɣa Japanese
37 七 /c/ cii Chinese 38 ù /ʊ/ ʊ Italian 39 nk /ɳ/ ɛɳ German
40 ज /ɟ/ ɟə Hindi 41 lh /ɭ/ ɛɭi Portuguese 42 wh /β/ βee Dutch
43 р' /ɻ/ ɛɻ Ukrainian


Prosody

Complex Simplified Diacritic
High ˦˥ ˦ á (Acute accent)
Mid ˦˧˨ (˧) a (Without accent)
Low ˨˩ ˨ à (Grave accent)

Orthography

N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language N. Letter IPA Name Original pronunciation Source language
1 m /m/ em English 2 i /i/ i English 3 c /k/ kii English
4 y /j/ jaɪ English 5 u /u/ u English 6 a /a/ a English
7 p /p/ pii English 8 w /w/ wii English 9 n /n/ en English
10 t /t/ tii English 11 l /l/ el English 12 s /s/ es English
13 b /b/ bii English 14 ng /ŋ/ eŋ English 15 e /e/ e English
16 o /o/ o English 17 g /g/ gii English 18 h /h/ heɪtʃ English
19 d /d/ dii English 20 r /r/ ere Spanish 21 f /f/ efe Spanish
22 ñ /ɲ/ eɲe Spanish 23 ch /ʃ/ ʃe Spanish 24 - /ʔ/ giʔon Spanish
25 é /ɛ/ ɛ Spanish 26 ó /ɔ/ ɔ Spanish 27 z /z/ zeta Spanish
28 ll /ʒ/ eʒe Spanish 29 v /v/ ve Spanish 30 р /ɾ/ ɛɾ Russian
31 а /ə/ ə Russian 32 х /x/ xa Russian 33 ы /ɨ/ ɨ Russian
34 tt /ʈ/ ʈe French 35 ㅣ /ɪ/ ɪ Korean 36 ガ /ɣ/ ɣa Japanese
37 七 /c/ cii Chinese 38 ù /ʊ/ ʊ Italian 39 nk /ɳ/ ɛɳ German
40 ज /ɟ/ ɟə Hindi 41 lh /ɭ/ ɛɭi Portuguese 42 wh /β/ βee Dutch
43 р' /ɻ/ ɛɻ Ukrainian
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