Inland North Czech: Difference between revisions
m (→Nouns) |
mNo edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
In the Lõis timeline, '''Inland North Czech''' (natively ''český gazyk'' / | In the Lõis timeline, '''Inland North Czech''' (natively ''český gazyk'' /ˈtʃɛskɛj ˈjæzək/) is a descendant of old Bohemian dialects spoken by an Amish-like Christian sect descended from the Bohemian Brethren in Canada and the Inland North area of the United States. It shares certain vowel shifts with Inland North English (which is also the standard Canadian accent in Lõis) and has a stratum of Dutch and Low German loanwords. | ||
The everyday spoken register of Inland North Czech is in diglossia with the liturgical language which is based on the Kralice Bible. The differences mainly lie in morphology, syntax, and vocabulary. | The everyday spoken register of Inland North Czech is in diglossia with the liturgical language which is based on the Kralice Bible. The differences mainly lie in morphology, syntax, and vocabulary. | ||
| Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
Similar to Standard Czech, but voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated as in English | Similar to Standard Czech, but voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated as in English | ||
''mě'' is [ | ''mě'' is [mjɛ] | ||
preserves the distinction between ł and l as [ʁ] (may be [w], or zero depending on dialect) and [l~ɫ] | preserves the distinction between ł and l as [ʁ] (may be [w], or zero depending on dialect) and [l~ɫ] | ||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
* o -> /{{eo}}/ {{angbr|''o''}} | * o -> /{{eo}}/ {{angbr|''o''}} | ||
* á -> /eæ̯/ {{angbr|''á''}} | * á -> /eæ̯/ {{angbr|''á''}} | ||
* e -> / | * e -> /ɛ/ {{angbr|''e''}} | ||
* ej -> /aj/ {{angbr|''eg''}} | * ej -> /aj/ {{angbr|''eg''}} | ||
* é -> /i/ {{angbr|''é''}} | * é -> /i/ {{angbr|''é''}} | ||
| Line 38: | Line 38: | ||
'Dog' | 'Dog' | ||
* Nom. / | * Nom. /pɛs, pse/ | ||
* Gen./Acc. /psa, psu/ | * Gen./Acc. /psa, psu/ | ||
* Dat. /psɤ, psum/ | * Dat. /psɤ, psum/ | ||
* Ins. / | * Ins. /psɛm, psama/ | ||
'Man' | 'Man' | ||
| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
* Gen. /str{{eo}}ma, str{{eo}}mu/ | * Gen. /str{{eo}}ma, str{{eo}}mu/ | ||
* Dat. /str{{eo}}m{{eo}}ve, str{{eo}}mum/ | * Dat. /str{{eo}}m{{eo}}ve, str{{eo}}mum/ | ||
* Ins. /str{{eo}} | * Ins. /str{{eo}}mɛm, str{{eo}}mama/ | ||
'Wife' | 'Wife' | ||
* Nom. /{{ž}} | * Nom. /{{ž}}ɛna, {{ž}}ɛne/ | ||
* Gen./Acc. /{{ž}} | * Gen./Acc. /{{ž}}ɛne, {{ž}}ɛn/ | ||
* Dat. /{{ž}} | * Dat. /{{ž}}ɛnjɛ, {{ž}}ɛnum/ | ||
* Ins. /{{ž}} | * Ins. /{{ž}}ɛno, {{ž}}ɛnama/ | ||
'Earth' | 'Earth' | ||
* Nom. / | * Nom. /zɛmjɛ, zɛmjɛ/ | ||
* Gen. / | * Gen. /zɛmjɛ, zɛmi/ | ||
* Dat. / | * Dat. /zɛme, zɛmim/ | ||
* Ins. / | * Ins. /zɛmi, zɛmima/ | ||
'Leaf' | 'Leaf' | ||
| Line 73: | Line 73: | ||
* Gen. /sw{{eo}}va, sw{{eo}}f/ | * Gen. /sw{{eo}}va, sw{{eo}}f/ | ||
* Dat. /sw{{eo}}vɤ, sw{{eo}}vum/ | * Dat. /sw{{eo}}vɤ, sw{{eo}}vum/ | ||
* Ins. /sw{{eo}} | * Ins. /sw{{eo}}vɛm, sw{{eo}}va/ | ||
=== Adjectives === | === Adjectives === | ||
Revision as of 08:19, 26 August 2024
In the Lõis timeline, Inland North Czech (natively český gazyk /ˈtʃɛskɛj ˈjæzək/) is a descendant of old Bohemian dialects spoken by an Amish-like Christian sect descended from the Bohemian Brethren in Canada and the Inland North area of the United States. It shares certain vowel shifts with Inland North English (which is also the standard Canadian accent in Lõis) and has a stratum of Dutch and Low German loanwords.
The everyday spoken register of Inland North Czech is in diglossia with the liturgical language which is based on the Kralice Bible. The differences mainly lie in morphology, syntax, and vocabulary.
The orthography for Inland North Czech is based on the old Brethren orthography of Czech.
This page will only describe the phonology.
Phonology
Consonants
Similar to Standard Czech, but voiceless stops are sometimes aspirated as in English
mě is [mjɛ]
preserves the distinction between ł and l as [ʁ] (may be [w], or zero depending on dialect) and [l~ɫ]
ǧ (old /g/ in loanwords) is [ɣ~x]
Vowels
Inland North Czech has lost vowel length, having changed the length distinction into a quality/diphthong distinction.
It has the following 11 vowel phonemes, including diphthongs:
- a -> /a/ ⟨a⟩
- o -> /ʌ/ ⟨o⟩
- á -> /eæ̯/ ⟨á⟩
- e -> /ɛ/ ⟨e⟩
- ej -> /aj/ ⟨eg⟩
- é -> /i/ ⟨é⟩
- ou and initial ú -> /o/ ⟨au⟩
- u -> /ɤ/ ⟨u⟩
- ů -> /u/ ⟨ů⟩
- i/y -> /e/ ⟨y/i⟩
- í -> /i/ ⟨j⟩
- ý -> /ɛj/ ⟨ý⟩
Morphology
Nouns
5 cases; loc./voc. lost, acc = gen or nom, entirely depending on animacy
'Dog'
- Nom. /pɛs, pse/
- Gen./Acc. /psa, psu/
- Dat. /psɤ, psum/
- Ins. /psɛm, psama/
'Man'
'Tree'
- Nom./Acc. /strʌm, strʌme/
- Gen. /strʌma, strʌmu/
- Dat. /strʌmʌve, strʌmum/
- Ins. /strʌmɛm, strʌmama/
'Wife'
- Nom. /ʒɛna, ʒɛne/
- Gen./Acc. /ʒɛne, ʒɛn/
- Dat. /ʒɛnjɛ, ʒɛnum/
- Ins. /ʒɛno, ʒɛnama/
'Earth'
- Nom. /zɛmjɛ, zɛmjɛ/
- Gen. /zɛmjɛ, zɛmi/
- Dat. /zɛme, zɛmim/
- Ins. /zɛmi, zɛmima/
'Leaf'
- nom./acc. /lest, lesce/
- gen. /lesce, lesci/
- dat. /lesce, lescim/
- ins. /lesci, lestma~lescama/
'Word'
- Nom./Acc. /swʌvʌ, swʌva/
- Gen. /swʌva, swʌf/
- Dat. /swʌvɤ, swʌvum/
- Ins. /swʌvɛm, swʌva/
Adjectives
- nom. dʌbrej, dʌbrɛæ, dʌbri, dʌbri
- gen. dʌbrihʌ, dʌbri, dʌbrihʌ, dʌbrex
- dat. dʌbrim, dʌbri, dʌbrim, dʌbrejm
- ins. dʌbrem, dʌbri, dʌbrem, dʌbrejma