Rosdeish: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
(9 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 14: Line 14:
}}
}}


'''Rosdeish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''rosdʰēskos''; <small>Rosdeish:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">[[IPA for Rosdeish|[]]</span>: is a [[w:Indo-european languages|Indo-european language]].
'''Rosdeish''' ([[w:endonym|autoglossonym]]: ''rosdʰēskos''; <small>Rosdeish:&nbsp;</small><span class="nowrap" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" style="font-family:Gentium,'DejaVu Sans','Segoe UI',sans-serif">[[IPA for Rosdeish|ros.dʰeːs.kos]]</span>: is a [[w:Indo-European languages|Indo-European language]].


==Introduction==
==Introduction==
Line 31: Line 31:
|+ Consonant phonemes
|+ Consonant phonemes
|-
|-
!  
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" | [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]]
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" | [[w:Dental consonant|Coronal]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Alveolar consonant|alveolar]]
! colspan="2" rowspan="1" | [[w:Palatal consonant|Velar]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:post-Alveolar consonant|post-<br/>alveolar]]
|-
! colspan="2" | [[w:Palatal consonant|palatal]]
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" | plain
! colspan="2" | [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]]/</br>[[w:Uvular consonant|Uvular]]
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" | labial
|-
! Colspan="2" | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
|-
! rowspan="3" | [[w:stop consonant|Stop]]
! rowspan="1" | voiceless
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|kʷ]]
|-
! rowspan="1" | voiced
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|b]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|d]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|g]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|gʷ]]
|-
|-
! [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
! rowspan="1" | aspirated
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|bʰ]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|dʰ]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|gʰ]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|gʷʰ]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]])¹, ŋʷ²
|-
|-
! [[w:stop consonant|Stop]]
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" | [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless bilabial stop|p]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
! colspan="1" | voiceless
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar stop|t]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]], [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless velar stop|k]], kʷ || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
|-
! [[w:fricative consonant|Fricative]]
! colspan="1" | voiced
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative|f]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative|v]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless dental fricative|θ]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced dental fricative|ð]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced dental fricative|ð]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Voiceless postalveolar fricative|ʃ]])³ || style="border-left: 0;" | ([[w:Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ]])⁴
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless uvular fricative|χ]], χʷ || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced uvular fricative|ʁ]], ʁʷ
|-
|-
! [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced labiovelar approximant|w]]
| colspan="1" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral approximant|l̥]], [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar lateral approximant|l̥]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]]
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiced labiovelar approximant|w]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
|-
! [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Trill consonant|Trill]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| colspan="1" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar trill|r̥]], [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Voiceless alveolar trill|r̥]] || style="border-left: 0;" | [[w:Voiced alveolar trill|r]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
|}
|}


Line 85: Line 87:
|-
|-
!  
!  
! colspan="6" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]]
! colspan="3" | [[w:Front vowel|short]]
! colspan="6" | [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
! colspan="2" | [[w:Back vowel|long]]
|-
|-
!  
!  
! colspan="2" | [[w:short vowel|short]]
! colspan="1" | front
! colspan="2" | [[w:long vowel|long]]
! colspan="1" | central
! colspan="2" | [[w:long vowel|overlong]]
! colspan="1" | back
! colspan="2" | [[w:short vowel|short]]
! colspan="1" | front
! colspan="2" | [[w:long vowel|long]]
! colspan="1" | back
! colspan="2" | [[w:long vowel|overlong]]
|-
! [[w:Close vowel|Close]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|i]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close front unrounded vowel|iː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close back rounded vowel|u]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close back rounded vowel|uː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
! [[w:mid vowel|mid]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|e]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|eː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid front unrounded vowel|eːː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|oː]]) || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|oː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Close-mid back rounded vowel|oːː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
! [[w:Open vowel|Open]]
| style="border-right: 0;" | ([[w:Open front unrounded vowel|æː]]) || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|æː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open front unrounded vowel|æːː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
| style="border-right: 0;" | [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑːː]] || style="border-left: 0;" |
|-
|}
 
Phonemes in parentheses are loan word only.
 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Diphthongs
|-
|-
!  
! colspan="1" | Close
! colspan="2" | [[w:Front vowel|Front]]
| colspan="1" |
! colspan="2" | [[w:Back vowel|Back]]
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
|-
|-
! Closing
! colspan="1" | Mid
| style="border-right: 0;" | ai̯ || style="border-left: 0;" | ai̯ː
| colspan="1" |  
| style="border-right: 0;" | ou̯ || style="border-left: 0;" | ou̯ː
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
| colspan="1" |  
|-
|-
! colspan="1" | Open
| colspan="1" |
| colspan="1" |
| colspan="1" |
| colspan="1" |
| colspan="1" |
|}
|}


===Prosody===
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Stress====
Stress, like in PG, still lies solely on the first syllable unless prefixed, where stress moves with the root word.
Stress is not fixed, it is marked with an acute accent.
 
====Intonation====
====Intonation====


Line 159: Line 142:
-->
-->
===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
Needs lots of updating.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉̄𐌽 personal pronouns
|-
! colspan=3 | !! Nominative !! Accusative !! Genitive !! Dative
|-
! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#first person|first<br>person]] !! colspan=2 | singular
| {{term|𐌹𐌺}} || {{term|𐌼𐌹𐌺}} || {{term|𐌼𐌹̄𐌽𐌰𐌶}} || {{term|𐌼𐌹𐌶}}
|- valign="top"
! colspan=2 valign="middle" | dual
| {{term|𐍅𐌹𐍄}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐌺}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐌺𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌶}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐌺𐌹𐌶}}
|-
! colspan=2 valign="middle" | plural
| {{term|𐍅𐌹𐌶}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐍃}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌶}} || {{term|𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌹𐌶}}
|-
! rowspan=3 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#second person|second<br>person]] !! colspan=2 | singular
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! colspan=2 | dual
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! colspan=2 | plural
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! rowspan=6 | [[wikt:Appendix:Glossary#third person|third<br>person]] !! rowspan=3 | singular !! masculine
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! feminine
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! neuter
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! rowspan=3 | plural !! masculine
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! feminine
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! neuter
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
! rowspan=1 colspan=3 | reflexive
| {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}} || {{term|}}
|-
|}


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Line 215: Line 152:
===Dependent clauses===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
<!-- etc. etc. -->
==Example texts==
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
===Beowulf Sentence 1===
====Gothic====
𐍈𐌰𐍄! 𐍅𐌹𐌶 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌾𐍉𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐌸𐌴𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌽𐌲𐍉𐌽 𐌸𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌲𐌿𐌽, 𐍈𐍉 𐌸𐍉 𐌰𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌲𐌰𐌶 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽.
=====Classical=====
=====Modern=====
𐍈𐌰𐍄! 𐍅𐌹𐌶 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌾𐍉̱𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌴̄𐍂𐍉̱𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐌸𐌴𐌿𐌳𐍉̄𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌽𐌲𐍉̱𐌽 𐌸𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴̄𐌲𐌿𐌽, 𐍈𐍉̄ 𐌸𐍉̄ 𐌰𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌲𐌰̄𐌶 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉̄ 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴̄𐌳𐌿𐌽.
====Romanization====
(ƕat! wiz gaizadanjôn in jērôndagamaz þeudōkuningôn þrumjan gafrēgun, ƕō þō aþulingāz aljanō framidēdun.)
====IPA====
/χʷɑt wiʒ ʁɑi̯.zɑ.ðɑn.joːːn in jeː.roːːn.ðɑ.ʁɑ.mɑʒ θeu̯.ðoː.ku.nin.ʁoːːn θrum.jɑn ʁɑ.freː.ʁun χʷoː θoː ɑ.θu.lin.ʁɑːʒ ɑl.jɑ.noː frɑ.mi.ðeː.ðun/
===Universal Germanic Dialogue===
====Gothic====
=====Classical=====
𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌶 𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹 𐌽𐍁𐍈, 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐍂𐍉 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻 𐌵𐌴𐌼𐌰𐌹. 𐌵𐌴𐌼 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍉 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌶, 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌶. 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌵𐌴𐌼𐍉. 𐌵𐌴𐌼 𐌷𐌴𐍂, 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌲𐍅 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺, 𐌴𐍄 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌺. 𐍃𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽. 𐍅𐌹𐌶 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉𐍂, 𐌱𐌴𐌿𐌶𐌰𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌺𐌿. 𐍉, 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐍃𐌿𐍀𐍉.
=====Modern=====
𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌳𐍉̱ 𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍄𐍂𐌿𐌶 𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹 𐌽𐍁̄𐍈, 𐍃𐌺𐌿̄𐍂𐍉̄ 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌻 𐌵𐌴𐌼𐌰𐌹. 𐌵𐌴𐌼 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹̄𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍉̱ 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌶, 𐌼𐌹̄𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉̄𐌽𐌳𐌶. 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌵𐌴𐌼𐍉̱. 𐌵𐌴𐌼 𐌷𐌴̄𐍂, 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌲𐍅 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺, 𐌴𐍄 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌳𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌺. 𐍃𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹 𐌼𐌹̄𐌽𐌰𐌶 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐍉̄𐌽. 𐍅𐌹𐌶 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉̄𐍂, 𐌱𐌴𐌿𐌶𐌰𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌿𐌺𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉̄𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌺𐌿̄. 𐍉, 𐌾𐌰𐍈 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐍃𐌿𐍀𐍉̱.
====Romanization====
kaldô wintruz isti næƕ, skūrō skal qemai. qem in mīnaz warmô haimaz, mīnaz frijōndz. wiljaqemô. qem hēr, singw jaƕ laik, et jaƕ drink. sa isti mīnaz sijōn. wiz habjamaz watōr, beuzan, jaƕ meluks friskōn fram kū. o, jaƕ warmaz supô.
====IPA====
/kɑl.ðoːː win.truʒ is.ti næːχʷ ʃkuː.roː ʃkɑl kʷe.mɑi̯ | kʷem in miː.nɑʒ wɑr.moːː χɑi̯.mɑʒ miː.nɑʒ fri.joːnd͡ʒ | wil.jɑ.kʷe.moːː | kʷem χeːr sinʁʷ jɑχʷ lɑi̯k et jɑχʷ ðriŋk | sɑ is.ti miː.nɑʒ si.joːn | wiʒ χɑv.jɑ.mɑʒ wɑ.toːr veu̯.zɑn jɑχʷ me.luks friʃ.koːn frɑm kuː | o jɑχʷ wɑr.mɑʒ su.poːː/


==Other resources==
==Other resources==

Revision as of 20:20, 9 October 2024

Rosdeish
rosdʰēskos
Pronunciation[ros.dʰeːs.kos]
Created bywfozøra
Indo-European
  • Rosdeish
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Rosdeish (autoglossonym: rosdʰēskos; Rosdeish: ros.dʰeːs.kos: is a Indo-European language.

Introduction

Goals

  • Fun

Inspiration

  • I want to do something with PIE, so I am.

Etymology

The language name derives from rosdʰē + -iskos.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonant phonemes
Labial Coronal Velar
plain labial
Nasal m n
Stop voiceless p t k kʷ
voiced b d g gʷ
aspirated bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ
Fricative voiceless f θ, s
voiced v ð
Approximant l̥, l j w
Trill r̥, r

Vowels

Vowel phonemes
short long
front central back front back
Close
Mid
Open

Prosody

Stress

Stress is not fixed, it is marked with an acute accent.

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Pronouns

Syntax

Constituent order

The word order is mostly free, the base order is SOV, but this is subject to change when importance needs to be stressed on one word.

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Other resources

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rosdeish&oldid=387222"