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*Falling: ''ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou''
*Falling: ''ai, ei, oi, au, eu, ou''


Note that the glide in falling diphthongs is usually realized as palatalization (in the case of ''-i-'') or labialization (in the case of ''-u-'').
Note that the glide in rising diphthongs is usually realized as palatalization (in the case of ''-i-'') or labialization (in the case of ''-u-'').


===Prosody===
===Prosody===
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Examples:
Examples:
*''a'' "to" + ''America'' > ''ad America''
*''a'' "to" + ''America'' > ''ad America''
*''da'' "away from, out lf" + ''America'' > ''dab America''
*''da'' "away from, out of" + ''America'' > ''dab America''
*''femna'' "woman" + ''alta'' "tall" > ''femnan alta''
*''femna'' "woman" + ''alta'' "tall" > ''femnan alta''
*''ama'' "(s)he loves" + ''arbrex'' "trees" > ''amad arbrex''
*''ama'' "(s)he loves" + ''arbrex'' "trees" > ''amad arbrex''
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|-
|-
! 19
! 19
| nogence(n) || nogendiacmo(n), -a(n) || nogendecmante(n)
| noghence(n) || noghendiacmo(n), -a(n) || noghendecmante(n)
|-
|-
! 20
! 20
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! Agent noun
! Agent noun
| Formed by adding ''-ore(n)'' (m.)/''-(t)rice(n)'' (f.) to the supine stem.
| Formed by adding ''-ore(n)'' (m.)/''-(t)rice(n)'' (f.) to the supine stem.
| ''-(t)-'' is added in the feminine when it is not already present at the end of the past participle stem.
| ''-(t)-'' is added in the feminine when it is not already present at the end of the supine stem.
|-
|-
|}
|}
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**This happens in both types of breaking verbs when the unstressed stem begins in a vowel. In such verbs, ''e-'' and ''o-'' become ''gia-'' and ''gua-'' respectively when stressed.  
**This happens in both types of breaking verbs when the unstressed stem begins in a vowel. In such verbs, ''e-'' and ''o-'' become ''gia-'' and ''gua-'' respectively when stressed.  
*Delabialization of labialized consonants such as ''gu-, qu-, du-'', etc. in the stressed stem.
*Delabialization of labialized consonants such as ''gu-, qu-, du-'', etc. in the stressed stem.
**This happens as a rule in ''e'' > ''ia'' verbs.  
**This happens as a rule in ''e'' > ''ia'' verbs (e.g. unstressed ''gue-'' becomes stressed ''ghia-'' instead of ''*guia-'').  
**In ''o'' > ''ua'' verbs, the two labializations are merged (e.g. unstressed ''guo-'' becomes stressed ''gua-'' and not *''guua-'').
**In ''o'' > ''ua'' verbs, the two labializations are merged (e.g. unstressed ''guo-'' becomes stressed ''gua-'' and not *''guua-'').


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=====Infinitive=====
=====Infinitive=====
Class 3 and 4 verbs whose stems end in certain consonants assimilate the ''-r-'' of the infinitive into the final consonant. The assimilation has one of the following results depending on the stem structure:
Class 3 and 4 verbs whose stems end in certain consonants assimilate the ''-r-'' of the infinitive into the final consonant. The assimilation has one of the following results depending on the stem structure:
*If the stem ends in a single ''-s, -r,'' or ''-l'' preceded by a vowel: ''-r-'' is merged with the consonant causing it to be doubled.
*If the stem ends in a single ''-s, -r,'' ''-l,'' or ''-n'' preceded by a vowel: ''-r-'' is merged with the consonant causing it to be doubled.
*If the stem ends in ''-r'' or ''-l'' that is double or preceded by a consonant: ''-r-'' is dropped.
*If the stem ends in ''-r,'' ''-l,'' or ''-n'' that is double or preceded by a consonant: ''-r-'' is dropped.
Note that ''-r-'' is neither dropped nor assimilated when it occurs after ''-s'' when it is doubled or occurs after a consonant.
Note that ''-r-'' is neither dropped nor assimilated when it occurs after ''-s'' when it is doubled or occurs after a consonant.


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=====Past participle=====
=====Past participle=====
In regular past participles of Class 3 & 4 verbs:
In regular past participles of Class 3 & 4 verbs:
*A voiced stop is devoiced before ''-t-''. Voiced fricatives are also devoiced, but this does not reflect in the orthography except in the case of ''-v-'', which becomes ''-f-''.
*A voiced stop is devoiced (in both pronunciation and writing) before ''-t-''. Voiced fricatives are also devoiced in this position, but this is not reflected in the orthography except in the case of ''-v-'', which becomes ''-f-''.


=====Finite forms=====
=====Finite forms=====
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*Causative 2: ''facre, facio, fece, fapto'' "to do" + past participle
*Causative 2: ''facre, facio, fece, fapto'' "to do" + past participle
**Means "cause X to be Y-ed" or "have X Y-ed".
**Means "cause X to be Y-ed" or "have X Y-ed".
====Negation====
Negation of verbs is accomplished with ''ho(d/G)'' or (rarely) ''ne''. Both of these particles precede the verb.
Alternatively, negation may be accomplished by using a negative word.
Double negation is not used in formal language.


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
===Time===
===Time - ''So Tiampre''===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Seasons in Plevian
|+ Seasons - ''Sax tempestatex''
! English !! Plevian
! English !! Plevian
|-
|-
| spring || guere
| spring || guere(n)
|-
|-
| summer || estate
| summer || estate(n)
|-
|-
| fall || optombro
| fall || optombro(n)
|-
|-
| winter || xiame
| winter || xiame(n)
|-
|-
|}
|}


{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Months in Plevian
|+ Gregorian months - ''Sox mesex gregorianox''
! English !! Plevian
! English !! Plevian
|-
|-
| January || gianguario
| January || gianguario(n)
|-
| February || fevrario(n)
|-
| March || marzo(n)
|-
| April || aprile(n)
|-
| May || magio(n)
|-
| June || giunio(n)
|-
| July || giulio(n); quemptili(n)
|-
| August || ogosto(n); sestili(n)
|-
| September || septiambre(n)
|-
|-
| February || fevrario
| October || optombre(n)
|-
|-
| March || marzo
| November || noghiambre(n)
|-
|-
| April || aprile
| December || deciambre(n)
|-
|-
| May || magio
|}
 
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Days of the week - ''Sox dix de sa xiabma''
! English !! Plevian
|-
|-
| June || giunio
| Sunday || soldi(n)
|-
|-
| July || giulio (quemptili)
| Monday || lundi(n)
|-
|-
| August || ogosto (sestili)
| Tuesday || mardi(n)
|-
|-
| September || septiambre
| Wednesday || mérchedi(n)
|-
|-
| October || optombre
| Thursday || giuadi(n)
|-
|-
| November || noghiambre
| Friday || ghiandi(n)
|-
|-
| December || deciambre
| Saturday || satordi(n)
|-
|-
|}
|}


{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Parts of the day in Plevian
|+ Parts of the day - ''Sox partix de so di''
! English !! Plevian
! English !! Plevian
|-  
|-  
| day || di
| day || di(n)
|-
|-
| dawn || orora
| dawn || orora(n)
|-
|-
| morning || mattino
| morning || mattino(n)
|-
|-
| noon || meridi
| noon || meridi(n)
|-
|-
| afternoon || pomeridi
| afternoon || pomeridi(n)
|-
|-
| evening || guespra
| evening || guespra(n)
|-
|-
| dusk || crepro
| dusk || crepro(n)
|-
|-
| night || nuapte
| night || nuapte(n)
|-
|-
| midnight || merinuapte
| midnight || merinuapte(n)
|}
|}


{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Units of time in Plevian
|+ Units of time - ''Sax unitatex de so tiampre''
! English !! Plevian
! English !! Plevian
|-  
|-  
| second || secondo
| second || secondo(n)
|-
| minute || minuta(n)
|-
| hour || hora(n)
|-
| day || di(n)
|-
| week || xiabma(n)
|-
| month || mese(n)
|-
| season || tempestate(n)
|-
| year || anno(n)
|-
|}
 
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Time adverbs - ''Sox adverbiox temporalex''
! English !! Plevian
|-
| now || non
|-
| then || ton
|-
| recently, a short time ago || nupre(d/G), nupriox, nuperme(d/G); dudo
|-
| earlier || pre(d/G), priox, prime(d/G)
|-
| soon, shortly || muapse(d/G), muapxox, mopsesme(d/G)
|-
|-
| minute || minuto
| later || siate(d/G), siazos, setesme(d/G)
|-
|-
| hour || hora
| always || siampre(d/G)
|-
|-
| day || di
| often || sepe(d/G), sepiox, sepesme(d/G)
|-
|-
| week || xiabma
| sometimes || attiamprex
|-
|-
| month || mesi
| rarely || rare(d/G), rariox, rarme(d/G)
|-
|-
| season ||  
| never || neconca(n)
|-
|-
| year ||  
| ever || conca(n)
|-
|-
| decade ||  
| still, yet || gianno(n)
|-
|-
| century ||
| already || gian
|-
|-
| millenium ||
| today || huaddze(d/G)
|-
| tonight || huannapte(d/G)
|-
| yesterday || xiare(d/G)
|-
| last night || xiare nnuapte(n)
|-
| tomorrow || crax
|-
| tomorrow night || crax nuapte(n)
|-
| before yesterday || prexiare(d/G)
|-
| two nights ago || prexiare nnuapte(n)
|-
| after tomorrow || periandze(d/G)
|-
| this week || xe xxiabma(n)
|-
| last week || sa xiabma noghesma(n)
|-
| next week || sa xiabma guentura(n)
|-
| this year || horno(d/G)
|-
| last year || son anno noghesmo(n)
|-
| next year || son anno guenturo(n)
|}
 
===Colours - ''Sox colorex''===
{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
|+ Colours - ''Sox colorex''
! English !! Plevian
|-
| white || albo, albiore, albesmo
|-
| grey || rago, raghiore, raghesmo
|-
| black || negro, negriore, negermo
|-
| red || robro, robriore, robermo
|-
| orange || arangiacio, arangiaciore, arangiacesmo
|-
| brown || badzo, badzore, badzesmo
|-
| yellow || xelgo, xelghiore, xelghesmo
|-
| green || galbo, galbiore, galbesmo
|-
| blue || guerdi, guerdzore, guerdesmo
|-
| pink || rosacio, rosaciore, rosacesmo
|-
| purple || ostrino, ostriniore, ostrinesmo
|-
| golden || flago, flaghiore, flaghesmo
|-
|-
|}
|}
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<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
<!-- An example of a translated or unique text written in your language. Again, it is recommended that you make sure that the phonology, constraints, phonotactics and grammar are more or less finished before writing. -->
===Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)===
===Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 1)===
====Modern Plevian====
Guabrix xiamnex grascon luebrox ed equox en degretaten e ggiorex. Son dotatox de razonen e cconscianza, e ddevent agre enter se seco ffratrex.


Guabrix xiamnex grascon luebrox ed equox en degretaten e ggiorex. Son dotatox de razonen e cconscienza, e ddevent agre enter se seco ffratrex.
'''IPA (broad):''' /ˈɡwabriʃ ˈʃamneʃ ˈɡraskon ˈlwebroʃ ed ekwoʃ en ˌdeɡreˈtaten e ˈdʒːoreʃ ‖ son doˈtatoʃ de raˈtsonen e kːonˈstʃantsa | e ˈdːevent ˈaɡre ˈenter se ˈseko ˈfːratreʃ/


'''IPA (broad):''' /ˈɡwabriʃ ˈʃamneʃ ˈɡraskon ˈlwebroʃ ed ekwoʃ en ˌdeɡreˈtaten e ˈdʒːoreʃ ‖ son doˈtatoʃ de raˈtsonen e kːonˈstʃentsa | e ˈdːevent ˈaɡre ˈenter se ˈseko ˈfːratreʃ/
'''IPA (narrow, with lenition):''' [ˈɡʷaː.βriʃ ˈʃam.neʒ ˈɡɾaː.skon ˈlʷeː.βro.ʒ‿eˈð‿eː.xʷo.ʒ‿en ˌde.ɣɾe.ˈθaː.θe.n‿e‿ʒ.ˈʒoː.reʃ ‖ ˈson do.ˈθaː.θoʒ de ra.ˈsoː.ne.n‿e‿k.kon.ˈʃːan.tsa | e‿d.ˈdeː.ven.ˈt‿aː.ɣɾe ˈen.ter ˈseː ˈzeː.xo‿f.ˈfɾaː.θɾeʃ]


'''IPA (narrow, with lenition):''' [ˈɡʷaː.βriʃ ˈʃam.neʒ ˈɡɾaː.skon ˈlʷeː.βro.ʃ‿eˈð‿eː.xʷo.ʒ‿en ˌde.ɣɾe.ˈθaː.θe.n‿e‿ʒ.ˈʒoː.reʃ ‖ ˈson do.ˈθaː.θoʒ de ra.ˈsoː.ne.n‿e‿k.kon.ˈʃːen.tsa | e‿d.ˈdeː.ven.ˈt‿aː.ɣɾe ˈen.ter ˈseː ˈzeː.xo‿f.ˈfɾaː.θɾeʃ]
'''IPA (narrow, without lenition):''' [ˈɡʷaː.briʃ ˈʃam.neʒ ˈɡɾaː.skon ˈlʷeː.bro.ʒ‿eˈd‿eː.kʷo.ʒ‿en ˌde.ɡɾe.ˈtaː.te.n‿e‿dʒ.ˈʒoː.reʃ ‖ ˈson do.ˈtaː.toʒ de ra.ˈtsoː.ne.n‿e‿k.kon.ˈʃːan.tsa | e‿d.ˈdeː.ven.ˈt‿aː.ɡɾe ˈen.ter ˈseː ˈseː.ko‿f.ˈfɾaː.tɾeʃ]


'''IPA (narrow, without lenition):''' [ˈɡʷaː.briʃ ˈʃam.neʒ ˈɡɾaː.skon ˈlʷeː.bro.ʃ‿eˈd‿eː.kʷo.ʒ‿en ˌde.ɡɾe.ˈtaː.te.n‿e‿dʒ.ˈʒoː.reʃ ‖ ˈson do.ˈtaː.toʒ de ra.ˈtsoː.ne.n‿e‿k.kon.ˈʃːen.tsa | e‿d.ˈdeː.ven.ˈt‿aː.ɡɾe ˈen.ter ˈseː ˈseː.ko‿f.ˈfɾaː.tɾeʃ]
all-PL people they_are_born free-PL and equal-PL in dignity and rights. they_are endowed of reason and conscience, and they_must act among themselves like brothers.


all-PL people they_are_born free-PL and equal-PL in dignitt and rights. they_are endowed of reason and conscience, and they_must act among themselves like brothers.
====Old Plevian====
<!--
 
'''Old Plevian:'''
Obnēs hemones loeberē et aequē in degnetāte et jōribos gnāscuntor. Dōtātē dē rātiōne et conscientiae sunt, et sēcut frātres inter sē agere dēbent.


Obrēs hemones loeberī et aequī en degnitāte et jōribis gnascuntur. Dōtātī dē rātiōne et conscientiae sunt, et sēcut frātres inter sē agere dēbent.-->
'''IPA:''' /ˈɔbneːs ˈxɛmɔnɛs ˈloe̯bɛreː ɛt ˈae̯kʷeː ɪn ˌdɛɡnɛˈtaːte ɛt ˈjoːrɪbɔs ɡnaːˈskʊntɔr ‖ doːtaːteː deː raːtiˈoːne ɛt kɔnskiˈɛntiae̯ sʊnt | ɛt seːkʊt fraːtrɛs ˈɪntɛr seː ˈaɡɛre ˈdeːbɛnt/


==Other resources==
==Other resources==
Shariifka
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