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Jovlish (view source)

Revision as of 23:18, 28 June 2025

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Tag: Manual revert
 
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|dia1              = Turkish Jovlish (Türköggeş)
|dia1              = Turkish Jovlish (Türköggeş)
|dia2              = Georgian Jovlish (ქორთულეუგგეშ (Kortuleuggeş))
|dia2              = Georgian Jovlish (ქორთულეუგგეშ (Kortuleuggeş))
|dia3              = Kyutonian (кютонш (kjutonš))
|script1          = Jovl
|script1          = Jovl
|script2          = Geor
|script2          = Geor
|script3          = Latn
|script3          = Latn
|script4          = Cyrl
|nation            = Jovaia
|nation            = Jovaia
|minority          = [[w:Turkey|Türkiye]], [[w:Georgia|Georgia]]
|minority          = [[w:Turkey|Türkiye]], [[w:Georgia|Georgia]]
Line 322: Line 324:
** /i͜y/ > /iʊ̯/ before either /ʁ/ or a syllable containing a back vowel.
** /i͜y/ > /iʊ̯/ before either /ʁ/ or a syllable containing a back vowel.
* /æ͜ɑː, e͜oː, i͜yː/ > /jɑː, joː, jyː/ word-initially and /iːɐ̯, iːɔ̯, iːœ̯/ elsewhere.
* /æ͜ɑː, e͜oː, i͜yː/ > /jɑː, joː, jyː/ word-initially and /iːɐ̯, iːɔ̯, iːœ̯/ elsewhere.
** the /i͜y(ː)/ monophthongization typically found in late West Saxon English seems to not have occurred in the specific varieties of West Saxon from which Old Jovlish evolved. That said, a few words do appear to display said monophthongization, such as /ˈjyvɑn/ instead of the expected /*ˈjiʊ̯vɑn/
* /x, ʁ/ palatalize to /ç ʝ/ near front vowels /i(ː), y(ː), e(ː), ø/.
* /x, ʁ/ palatalize to /ç ʝ/ near front vowels /i(ː), y(ː), e(ː), ø/.
** /ʁ/ > /ʝ/ in particular is blocked if /ʁ/ is preceded by a front vowel and followed by a consonant, yielding forms such as /wyʁd/ instead of /*wyʝd/.
* Glides after the diphthongs /iɐ̯, iɔ̯, iœ̯, iʊ̯, iːɐ̯, iːɔ̯, iːœ̯/ are dropped.
* Glides after the diphthongs /iɐ̯, iɔ̯, iœ̯, iʊ̯, iːɐ̯, iːɔ̯, iːœ̯/ are dropped.


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* /r/ is most commonly a tap [ɾ].
* /r/ is most commonly a tap [ɾ].
* /ʁ/ is an approximant [ʁ̞].
* /ʁ/ is an approximant [ʁ̞].
* /ɫ/ is currently undergoing vocalization to /◌ˠː/ in coda positions before back vowels and /w/ in coda positions otherwise, with the shift of full vocalization in non-coda positions even becoming apparent in some communities.


====Phonological shifts from Middle Jovlish====
====Phonological shifts from Middle Jovlish====
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** /ljə, lɥə, lwə/ > /jɯ, vɯ, vɯ/.
** /ljə, lɥə, lwə/ > /jɯ, vɯ, vɯ/.
* /ɑ, æ/ > /ɔ, ɐ/.
* /ɑ, æ/ > /ɔ, ɐ/.
* /l/ velarizes to /ɫ/
==Orthographies==
==Orthographies==
===Old and Middle Jovlish Latin===
===Old and Middle Jovlish Latin===
Line 989: Line 996:
|-
|-
| style="font-size:large;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Ll}}
| style="font-size:large;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Ll}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|lé}}<br>[le(ː)]
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|lé}}<br>[ɫe(ː)]
| [l]
| [ɫ]
| l
| l
| Jovlish Latin ⟨l⟩ [[File:L old jovlish.png|60px|frameless]]
| Jovlish Latin ⟨l⟩ [[File:L old jovlish.png|60px|frameless]]
Line 2,578: Line 2,585:


====Irregular verbs====
====Irregular verbs====
"Irregularity" in Jovlish verbs is an umbrella term that covers multiple types of anomalous verbs:
* '''Irregular weak verbs''', anomalous verbs that use weak endings
* '''Irregular strong verbs''', anomalous verbs that use strong endings
* '''the Copula'''
=====Irregular weak verbs=====
Irregular weak verbs are weak verbs that display some form of irregularity in their principle stems. A considerable portion of these verbs are continuations of Old English Irregular weak verbs, such as [[wikt:bringan#Old_English|bringan]] and [[wikt:bycgan#Old_English|byċġan]]. This subset of verbs has one for the present singular ({{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|bű-}}, ''bű-''), one for the present plural and subjunctive ({{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|büc-}}, ''büc-''), and one for the past ({{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|boh-}}, ''boh-'').Only one Old English class 3 weak verb, [[wikt:secgan#Old_English|seċġan]], didn't get leveled and remains as an irregular weak verb with one stem for the present singular and past ({{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|sē-}}, ''sē-'') and one for the present plural ({{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|sec-}}, ''sec-'').
The rest of the irregular weak verbs tend to come about due to phonological processes either within Jovlish that cause a disparity in the stem of an otherwise regular weak old English verb (such as [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/222 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|şīvn}}], ''şīvn'') or from an already anomalous Old English class 2 strong verb that had unleveled stems (such as [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/309 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ītn}}], ''ītn'').
=====Irregular strong verbs=====
Irregular strong verbs behave similarly to irregular weak verbs but use strong endings instead. Irregular strong verbs can develop either from suppletion or from phonological processes similar to those found in irregular weak verbs.
=====''Pseudo-suppletion''=====
''Pseudo-suppletion'' is a phenomenon found in which the aforementioned phonological processes can diverge two stems of the same verb (normally in a present-past split) so much that they end up perceived as, and by extension behave as, having underwent suppletion, even though both stems come from the same Old English source verb. These verbs contrast with, but are treated identically to, verbs that have underwent actual suppletion (such as [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/150 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|gēn}}], ''gēn''). These verbs are a result of either already-anomalous Old English stems becoming less alike ({{Abbtip|Modern Jovlish|''ᴊ''}} ''jı-, dü-'' ← {{Abbtip|Old English|''ᴏᴇ''}} dō-/dē-, dy(d)-) or already-regular Old English stems becoming less alike ({{Abbtip|Modern Jovlish|''ᴊ''}} ''īt-, gu-'' ← {{Abbtip|Old English|''ᴏᴇ''}} ġēot-/ġēa(t)-, gu(t)-). The most common origin of these verbs is class 2 strong verbs beginning with ċ-/ġ-, and predictably alternate with c-/g- based on the following vowel, levelling into a preudo-suppletive strong verb:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | Verb
! colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Jovlish stems
! colspan="2" | Old English stems
|-
! {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|şīzn}}<br>''şīzn'' ("to like")
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|şīz-}}<br>''şīz-''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|kur-}}<br>''kur-''
| ċēos-, ċīes-, ċēas-
| cur-
|-
! {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|şīn}}<br>''şīn'' ("to eat")
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|şī-}}<br>''şī-''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|kū-}}<br>''kū-''
| ċēow-, ċīew-, ċēaw-
| cuw-
|-
! {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ītn}}<br>''ītn'' ("to shed")
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īt-}}<br>''īt-''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|gu-}}<br>''gu-''
| ġēo-, ġīe-, ġēa-
| gut-
|}
=====the Copula=====
<div style=display:inline-grid>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! rowspan="4" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" |
! colspan="11" style="vertical-align:middle;" | [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/317 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vezn}}] ''vezn'' ("to be")
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! colspan="6" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Simple
! colspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Perfect
! rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Imperative
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! colspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Indicative
! colspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Subjunctive
! colspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Indicative
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | Subjunctive
|- style="font-weight:bold;"
! Present
! Past
! Future
! Present
! Past
! Future
! Present
! Past
! Future
! Present
|-
! rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | Singular
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eş}}
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|jöm}}<br>''jöm''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vaş}}<br>''vaş''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īş}}<br>''īş''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ş}}</span><br>''ső<span style="color:#E97500">ş</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ş}}</span><br>''var<span style="color:#E97500">ş</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|y}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|āş}}</span><br>''y<span style="color:#E97500">āş</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öş}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">öş</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eç}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">eç</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōç}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōç</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īş}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īş</span>''
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | —
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hō}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|joq}}<br>''joq''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vah}}<br>''vah''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|esh}}<br>''esh''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|h}}</span><br>''ső<span style="color:#E97500">h</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|h}}</span><br>''var<span style="color:#E97500">h</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|y}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|āh}}</span><br>''y<span style="color:#E97500">āh</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ösh}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ösh</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|er}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">er</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōst}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōst</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īh}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īh</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ves}}<br>''ves''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|et}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ēs}}<br>''ēs''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ős}}<br>''ős''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ēh}}<br>''ēh''
| rowspan="2" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<br>''ső''
| rowspan="2" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<br>''var''
| rowspan="2" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|y}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ā}}</span><br>''y<span style="color:#E97500">ā</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öh}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">öh</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eth}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">eth</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōf}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōf</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īf}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īf</span>''
| rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | —
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|jó}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|űs}}<br>''űs''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vosī}}<br>''vosī''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ehī}}<br>''ehī''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öhī}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">öhī</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ethī}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ethī</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōvī}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōvī</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īvī}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īvī</span>''
|-
! rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | Plural
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vé}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|zé}}<br>''zé''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ver}}<br>''ver''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īhé}}<br>''īhé''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|né}}</span><br>''ső<span style="color:#E97500">né</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|né}}</span><br>''var<span style="color:#E97500">né</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ī}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|né}}</span><br>''ī<span style="color:#E97500">né</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öhé}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">öhé</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|erné}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">erné</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōné}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōné</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īné}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īné</span>''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hō}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|zest}}<br>''zest''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|jer}}<br>''jer''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īst}}<br>''īst''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|n}}</span><br>''ső<span style="color:#E97500">n</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|n}}</span><br>''var<span style="color:#E97500">n</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ī}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|n}}</span><br>''ī<span style="color:#E97500">n</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ösh}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ösh</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ern}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ern</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōn}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōn</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īv}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īv</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ves}}</span><br>''ves''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle; font-weight:bold;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ű}}
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|züd}}<br>''züd''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|űr}}<br>''űr''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|űh}}<br>''űh''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ső}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nö}}</span><br>''ső<span style="color:#E97500">nö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|var}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nö}}</span><br>''var<span style="color:#E97500">nö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ī}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nö}}</span><br>''ī<span style="color:#E97500">nö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|öhö}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">öhö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ernö}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ernö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ōnö}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">ōnö</span>''
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vez}}<span style="color:#E97500">{{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|īnö}}</span><br>''vez<span style="color:#E97500">īnö</span>''
| style="vertical-align:middle;" | —
|}
</div>
<div style=display:inline-grid>
{| class="wikitable" style="font-weight:bold; text-align:center;"
|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" |
! {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nezn}} ''nezn'' ("to not be")
|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
! Simple present
|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
! rowspan="2" | Singular
! {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|eş}}
| style="font-weight:normal;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nēm}}<br>''nēm''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hō}}
| style="font-weight:normal;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nēq}}<br>''nēq''
|-
! rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" | Plural
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|vé}}
| style="font-weight:normal;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|né}}<br>''né''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hō}}
| style="font-weight:normal;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nest}}<br>''nest''
|-
! style="vertical-align:middle;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ű}}
| style="font-weight:normal;" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|nüd}}<br>''nüd''
|}
</div>


==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
Line 2,965: Line 3,152:
|}
|}
====Months====
====Months====
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="text-align:center;"
|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
! colspan="7" | {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|yoslene}} (''yoslene'')
|- style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:middle;"
! style="font-weight:bold;" | Jovlish
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/326 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Janüar}}]<br />''Janüar''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/327 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Förüar}}]<br />''Förüar''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/328 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Mart}}]<br />''Mart''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/329 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Aψıl}}]<br />''Apsıl''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/330 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Maj}}]<br />''Maj''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/331 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Yöne}}]<br />''Yöne''
|- style="vertical-align:middle;"
! colspan="7" |
|- style="font-weight:normal; vertical-align:middle;"
! style="font-weight:bold;" | English
| ''January''
| ''February''
| ''March''
| ''April''
| ''May''
| ''June''
|-
! colspan="7" |
|- style="font-weight:normal;"
! style="font-weight:bold;" | Jovlish
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/332 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Yöle}}]<br />''Yöle''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/333 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Oqost}}]<br />''Oqost''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/334 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Sektembar}}]<br />''Sektembar''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/335 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Oktembar}}]<br />''Oktembar''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/336 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Nöembar}}]<br />''Nöembar''
| [https://lexiconga.com/86838032/337 {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Yektembar}}]<br />''Yektembar''
|-
! colspan="7" |
|- style="font-weight:normal;"
! style="font-weight:bold;" | English
| ''July''
| ''August''
| ''September''
| ''October''
| ''November''
| ''December''
|}
====Seasons====
====Seasons====
===Countries of Europe===  
===Countries of Europe===  
===Planets and Major Moons===
===Planets and Major Moons===
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! [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|24px|frameless]] English
! [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|24px|frameless]] English
|-
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|İşőjī veçıl bē jahī, smıvbüqén kumēvī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(İşőjī veçıl bē jahī, smıvbüqén kumēvī.)''</span></small>
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|İşőjī veçıl bē jī, smıvbüqén kumēvī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(İşőjī veçıl bē jī, smıvbüqén kumēvī.)''</span></small>
|  
|  
| style="font-style:italic;" | The cold winter is near, a snowstorm will come.<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | The cold winter is near, a snowstorm will come.<br /><br />
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| style="font-style:italic;" | Welcome! Come here, sing and dance, eat and drink.<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | Welcome! Come here, sing and dance, eat and drink.<br /><br />
|-
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Hīs mplan jahī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Hīs mplan jahī.)''</span></small>
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Hīs mplan jī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Hīs mplan jī.)''</span></small>
|  
|  
| style="font-style:italic;" | That is my plan.<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | That is my plan.<br /><br />
|-
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Feh, jol& kōvēqm mēqk obé.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Feh, jolor kōvēqm mēqk obé.)''</span></small>
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Feh, jol& kōvēqm mēqk nüqné.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Feh, jolor kōvēqm mēqk nüqné.)''</span></small>
|  
|  
| style="font-style:italic;" | We have water, beer, and milk fresh from the cow.<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | We have water, beer, and milk fresh from the cow.<br /><br />
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| style="font-style:italic;" | Oh, and warm soup!<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | Oh, and warm soup!<br /><br />
|}
|}
===''Universal Declaration of Human Rights''===
===''Universal Declaration of Human Rights''===
===''Lord's Prayer''===
===''Lord's Prayer''===
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! [[File:Jovlish Flag.png|24px|frameless]] Jovlish
!
! [[File:Flag of the United Kingdom (1-2).svg|24px|frameless]] English
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|ArFód — ütUronsyon,}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(ArFód — ütUronsyon,)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Our Father in heaven,<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hnon oqqd vūhā,}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(hnon oqqd vūhā,)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | hallowed be your name,<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hvozya komn vūhā,}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(hvozya komn vūhā,)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | thy kingdom come,<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|hhöm jın vūhā … üJöqnbov reş ütUronsyon.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(hhöm jın vūhā … üJöqnbov reş ütUronsyon.)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | thy will be done … on earth as it is in heaven.<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Arepşóf vőd űfes.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Arepşóf vőd űfes.)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Give us today our daily bread.<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Arşüq förűfes … yünarşyqre förűvöhé.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Arşüq förűfes … yünarşyqre förűvöhé.)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Ornçışes pirazemdın, okirüvnesov şoψes,}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Ornçışes pirazemdın, okirüvnesov şopses,)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil,<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|yünHe ivozya& imeş& itūq űs.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(yünHe ivozyaor imeşor itūq űs.)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | for yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory.<br /><br />
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Amen.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Amen.)''</span></small>
|
| style="font-style:italic;" | Amen.<br /><br />
|}
===''Jovaia Founding Legend''===
===''Jovaia Founding Legend''===
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
{| class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
Line 3,090: Line 3,364:
| style="font-style:italic;" | Byzantine Emperor Alexius gifted Great Sīvēq the lands on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, if he can succesfully drive out the heathens occupying it.<br /><br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | Byzantine Emperor Alexius gifted Great Sīvēq the lands on the eastern shores of the Black Sea, if he can succesfully drive out the heathens occupying it.<br /><br /><br />
|-
|-
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Orhos, Jóvaya opbüşd vūthī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Orhos, Jóvaya opbüşd vūthī.)''</span></small>
| {{lang|jovl|sc=Jovl|Orhos, Jóvaya opbüşd vuqd'thī.}}<br /><small><span style="color:grey">''(Orhos, Jóvaya opbüşd vuqd'thī.)''</span></small>
|  
|  
| style="font-style:italic;" | And thus, Jovaia was established.<br /><br />
| style="font-style:italic;" | And thus, Jovaia was established.<br /><br />
|}
|}
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