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Ɯ: Difference between revisions
→Verbal aspect markers
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====Verbal aspect markers==== | ====Verbal aspect markers==== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2|Aspect !! Marker | |||
|- | |||
| Perfect || {{sc|perf}} || C₂a-/C₂o- | |||
|- | |||
| Prospective || {{sc|pros}} || C₂ora-/oC₂osa- | |||
|- | |||
| Continuous || {{sc|cont}} || C₂ona- | |||
|- | |||
| Progressive || {{sc|prog}} || C₂ara- | |||
|- | |||
| Gnomic || {{sc|gnom}} || aC₂C₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Imperfective || {{sc|imper}} || oC₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Iterative || {{sc|iter}} || toC₂a- | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
The primary and the secondary aspect markers have historically fused through metaphony and syncope, yielding the following standarized forms: | |||
=====For animate subjects===== | =====For animate subjects===== | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" | |||
|- | |||
! colspan=2|Aspect !! colspan=2|Marker | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align:left"|Perfect !! style="text-align:left"|{{sc|perf.anim}} !! colspan=2 style="text-align:left"|C₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Per. gnomic || {{sc|perf.gnom.anim}} || C₂a·aC₂C₂a- || C₂aC₂C₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Per. imperfective || {{sc|perf.imper.anim}} || C₂a·oC₂a- || C₂aC₂o- | |||
|- | |||
| Per. continuous || {{sc|perf.cont.anim}} || C₂a·C₂ona- || C₂ano- | |||
|- | |||
| Per. progressive || {{sc|perf.prog.anim}} || C₂a·C₂ara- || aC₂ara- | |||
|- | |||
| Per. iterative || {{sc|perf.iter.anim}} || C₂a·toC₂a- || toC₂aC₂a- | |||
|- | |||
! style="text-align:left"|Prospective !! style="text-align:left"|{{sc|pros.anim}} !! colspan=2 style="text-align:left"|C₂ora- | |||
|- | |||
| Pro. gnomic || {{sc|pros.gnom.anim}} || C₂ora·aC₂C₂a- || C₂oC₂C₂ara- | |||
|- | |||
| Pro. imperfective || {{sc|pros.imperf.anim}} || C₂ora·oC₂a- || oC₂C₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Pro. continuous || {{sc|pros.cont.anim}} || C₂ora·C₂ona- || C₂oC₂a- | |||
|- | |||
| Pro. progressive || {{sc|pros.prog.anim}} || C₂ora·C₂ara- || aC₂oC₂ara- | |||
|- | |||
| Pro. iterative || {{sc|pros.iter.anim}} || C₂ora·toC₂a- || noC₂ora- | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
=====For inanimate subjects===== | =====For inanimate subjects===== | ||
{| | |||
|- | |||
Aspect Marker | |||
Perfect PER.INAN C₂o- C₂o- | |||
Per. gnomic PER.GNOM.INAN C₂a•aC₂C₂a- C₂waC₂C₂a- | |||
Per. imperfective PER.IMPER.INAN C₂a•oC₂a- oC₂C₂a- | |||
Per. continuous PER.CONT.INAN C₂a•C₂ona- C₂ona- | |||
Per. progressive PERF.PROG.INAN C₂a•C₂ara oC₂wara- | |||
Per. iterative PERF.ITER.INAN C₂o•toC₂a- otoC₂C₂a- | |||
Prospective PROS.INAN oC₂osa- oC₂osa- | |||
Pro. gnomic PROS.GNOM.INAN oC₂osa•aC₂C₂a- oC₂oC₂wara- | |||
Pro. imperfective PROS.IMPERF.INAN oC₂osa•oC₂a- C₂wasa- | |||
Pro. continuous PROS.CONT.INAN oC₂osa•C₂ona- oC₂ona- | |||
Pro. progressive PROS.PROG.INAN oC₂osa•C₂ara- oC₂wasa- | |||
Pro. iterative PROS.ITER.INAN oC₂osa•toC₂a- toC₂osa- | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
====Mood marking particles==== | ====Mood marking particles==== | ||
=====Special cases===== | =====Special cases===== | ||