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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
The present, past and future tenses are ''be-'', ''ki-'' and ''sa-'' respectively. | The present, past and future tenses are ''be-'', ''ki-'' and ''sa-'' respectively. The present tense is also used as a timeless tense. | ||
Verbs do not inflect for person but they do inflect for number (except for the copula): the plural suffix is ''-eba''. | Verbs do not inflect for person but they do inflect for number (except for the copula): the plural suffix is ''-eba''. | ||
Revision as of 08:00, 10 May 2016
Tsrovesh or Tzrovesh is a language of Southern Cuadhlabh, inspired by Hebrew and Georgian.
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
The consonants are the same as in Israeli Hebrew, plus ch /tʃ/, dz /dz/, zh /ʒ/ and dj /dʒ/.
Vowels
The vowels are the same as in Israeli Hebrew or Georgian.
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Tsrovesh phonology is slightly less restrictive than Israeli Hebrew but much more so than Georgian. As in both languages, initial consonant clusters appear frequently in Tsrovesh, for example:
- Tsrovesh (the name of the language)
- ldag (door)
- shmer (man)
- tsnakhat (dream)
- gzin (to shine)
- vlo (to live)
- lvar (to play)
- tmezhov (to find)
- tkeshet (regardless)
Medial consonant clusters are also common:
- ertma (spider)
- detkvisi (limestone)
- opkhram (reed)
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns have 9 cases: nominative, genitive, accusative, dechticaetiative/instrumental, locative, comitative, essive, adverbial and vocative.
Verbs
The present, past and future tenses are be-, ki- and sa- respectively. The present tense is also used as a timeless tense.
Verbs do not inflect for person but they do inflect for number (except for the copula): the plural suffix is -eba.
The negative suffix is -tso, and when fused with the plural it becomes -tsoba. The negative form of the copula is tso, which is the same in the plural.
Participial forms are used in the perfect and progressive tenses.
Syntax
Constituent order
Tsrovesh sentence structure is VSO and head-final, except for complementizer phrases and prepositional phrases. Tsrovesh is not zero-copula; the word for 'to live' is used as a copula. Word order is strict, and topicalization occurs with the suffix -eti.
Noun phrase
The adjective comes before the noun in Tsrovesh:
ha udvanit ertma = the happy spider
(udvanit = happy, ertma = spider)
But relative clauses are placed after the noun:
ertma, li-ves ha-shmer kikhaven = spider who the man killed
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Numbers
azar, kin, tvagi, lutsmi, chorti, mevti, ushkni, voherbi, adorgi, ktela, ktela azareb, ktela kineb, ktela tvagib, ktela lutsmib, ...
20 = ktela mekin