Contionary:bu: Difference between revisions

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=== Verb ===
=== Verb ===
{{head|thus|verb|infinitive|puchas|verbal noun|nampu}}
{{head|thus|verb|infinitive|buchas|verbal noun|nampu}}
# {{lb|thus|copulative}} to be (see usage notes)
# {{lb|thus|copulative}} to be (see usage notes)
#: {{ux|thus|||inline=1}}
#: {{ux|thus|'''Bu''' ngu timar.|I '''am''' here.|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|thus|||inline=1}}
#: {{ux|thus|'''Bu''' ku nyai?|Where '''are''' you?|inline=1}}
#: {{ux|thus|'''Bu''' kung ngi Jung-ngo.|They '''are''' in China.|inline=1}}
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to live, be alive
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to live, be alive
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to dwell, to live, reside
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to dwell, to live, reside
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to remain, to stay
# {{lb|thus|intransitive}} to remain, to stay
#: {{ux|thus|San sinkanyad, ya '''rbu''' timar.|No matter now long, I'll '''be''' here.}}
#: {{ux|thus|San nyadzinka, ya '''rbu''' timar.|No matter how long, I'll '''be''' here.}}
==== Conjugation ====
==== Conjugation ====
{{thus-conj|sbu|bu|rbu|pʰu|pu|ʈʂu}}
{{thus-conj|sbu|bu|rbu|pʰu|pu|ʈʂu}}
==== Usage notes ====
==== Usage notes ====
Several verbs can be translated to "to be," typically labelled as copulas. There are two types of copulas: essential (denoting the quality) and existential (denoting the location or time).
* ''{{thus|de}}'', an essential equative copula but also typically used for definiteness or a specific referent being spoken about.
* ''{{thus|yin}}'', a general essential copula linking adjectives and substantives, such as state, profession, type, etc.
* '''''bu''''', an existential copula used for instances in time (along with the preposition ''{{thus|dak}}'') and general location (with locative prepositions).
==== Derived terms ====
==== Derived terms ====
{{col|thus|sibu|}}
{{col|thus|sibu|ibbu|ibbugi}}


=== Adverb ===
=== Adverb ===

Latest revision as of 13:07, 27 May 2026

Thustani

Etymology

Inherited from Old Thustani.

Pronunciation

Verb

bu (infinitive buchas, verbal noun nampu)

  1. (copulative) to be (see usage notes)
    Bu ngu timar.I am here.
    Bu ku nyai?Where are you?
    Bu kung ngi Jung-ngo.They are in China.
  2. (intransitive) to live, be alive
  3. (intransitive) to dwell, to live, reside
  4. (intransitive) to remain, to stay
    San nyadzinka, ya rbu timar.
    No matter how long, I'll be here.

Conjugation

Conjugation of bu
infintive buchas
/pu.ʈʂɑː/
perfective sbu (sbu)
/pʰu pʰu/
perfect sbu jya
/pʰu tɕɐ/
imperfective bu (bu)
/pu pu/
future ya rbu
/jɐ ʈʂu/

Usage notes

Several verbs can be translated to "to be," typically labelled as copulas. There are two types of copulas: essential (denoting the quality) and existential (denoting the location or time).

  • de, an essential equative copula but also typically used for definiteness or a specific referent being spoken about.
  • yin, a general essential copula linking adjectives and substantives, such as state, profession, type, etc.
  • bu, an existential copula used for instances in time (along with the preposition dak) and general location (with locative prepositions).

Derived terms

Adverb

bu

  1. used to indicate that an action is being done or a condition is still happening
    Kam ngu bu.I'm eating.
    Ei-ti! Mar ngu timar bu, ne!Hey! I'm walkin' here!

Derived terms