Sishami: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Melinoë (talk | contribs)
Melinoë (talk | contribs)
 
(5 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 27: Line 27:


==History==
==History==
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan=2 |
! labial
! alveolar
! palatal
! velar
|-
! colspan=2 | nasal
| m ⟨{{lang|sish|մ}}⟩
| n ⟨{{lang|sish|ն}}⟩
|
|
|-
! rowspan=3 | stop
! unvoiced
| p ⟨{{lang|sish|պ}}⟩
| t ⟨{{lang|sish|տ}}⟩
| t͡ʃ ⟨{{lang|sish|ճ}}⟩
| k ⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}⟩
|-
! aspirated
| pʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|փ}}⟩
| tʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|թ}}⟩
| t͡ʃʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|չ}}⟩
| kʰ ⟨{{lang|sish|ք}}⟩
|-
! voiced
| b ⟨{{lang|sish|բ}}⟩
| d ⟨{{lang|sish|դ}}⟩
| d͡ʒ ⟨{{lang|sish|ջ}}⟩
| g ⟨{{lang|sish|գ}}⟩
|-
! rowspan=2 | fricative
! unvoiced
| f ⟨{{lang|sish|ֆ}}⟩
| s ⟨{{lang|sish|ս}}⟩
| ʃ ⟨{{lang|sish|շ}}⟩
| x ⟨{{lang|sish|խ}}⟩
|-
! voiced
| v ⟨{{lang|sish|վ}}⟩
| z ⟨{{lang|sish|զ}}⟩
| ʒ ⟨{{lang|sish|ժ}}⟩
| ɣ ⟨{{lang|sish|ղ}}⟩
|-
! colspan=2 | approximant
|
| l ⟨{{lang|sish|լ}}⟩
| j ⟨{{lang|sish|յ}}⟩
|
|-
! colspan=2 | trill
|
| r ⟨{{lang|sish|ռ}}⟩
|
|
|-
! colspan=2 | tap
|
| ɾ ⟨{{lang|sish|ր}}⟩
|
|
|-
|}
===Vowels===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
! rowspan=3 |
! colspan=4 | front
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | central
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 | back
|-
! colspan=2 | unround
! colspan=2 | round
|-
! short
! long
! short
! long
! short
! long
! short
! long
|-
! High
| i ⟨{{lang|sish|ի}}⟩
| iː ⟨{{lang|sish|իհ}}⟩
| y ⟨{{lang|sish|իւ}}⟩
| yː ⟨{{lang|sish|իւհ}}⟩
|
|
| u ⟨{{lang|sish|ու}}⟩
| uː ⟨{{lang|sish|ուհ}}⟩
|-
! Mid-high
| e ⟨{{lang|sish|է}}⟩
| eː ⟨{{lang|sish|էհ}}⟩
| ø ⟨{{lang|sish|էւ}}⟩
| øː ⟨{{lang|sish|էւհ}}⟩
| rowspan=2 | ə ⟨{{lang|sish|ը}}⟩¹
| rowspan=2 | əː ⟨{{lang|sish|ըհ}}⟩¹
| o ⟨{{lang|sish|օ}}⟩
| oː ⟨{{lang|sish|օհ}}⟩
|-
! Mid-low
| ɛ ⟨{{lang|sish|ե}}⟩
| ɛː ⟨{{lang|sish|եհ}}⟩
| œ ⟨{{lang|sish|եւ}}⟩
| œː ⟨{{lang|sish|եւհ}}⟩
| ɔ ⟨{{lang|sish|ո}}⟩
| ɔː ⟨{{lang|sish|ոհ}}⟩
|-
! Low
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ɑ ⟨{{lang|sish|ա}}⟩
| ɑː ⟨{{lang|sish|ահ}}⟩
|-
|}
#The Georgian dialect often deletes /ə/ and turns /əː/ into /o/.
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
Sishami nouns decline on several categories, those being case, number, possessor, and (some nouns) animacy.
{{inflection-table-top|title=ə-stem, animate endings|palette=red|tall=y}}
!
! singular
! plural
|-
! nominative
| {{sish-tr|֊ը|link=y}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընե}}
|-
! accusative
| {{sish-tr|֊ըմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեմ}}
|-
! allative
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհռ}}
|-
! genitive
| {{sish-tr|֊ուտ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւտ}}
|-
! ablative
| {{sish-tr|֊իճ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընայճ}}
|-
! dative
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհ}}
|-
! instrumental
| {{sish-tr|֊ու}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւ}}
|-
! comitative
| {{sish-tr|֊ոմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեւմ}}
{{inflection-table-bottom}}
{{inflection-table-top|title=ə-stem, animate|palette=red|tall=y}}
! rowspan=2 |
! colspan=2 | {{l|sish|վիլֆը}}
! colspan=2 | {{l|sish|ը}}
! colspan=2 | {{l|sish|ը}}
|-
! singular
! plural
! singular
! plural
! singular
! plural
|-
! nominative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆը|link=y}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընե}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ը|link=y}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընե}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ը|link=y}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընե}}
|-
! accusative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆըմ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընեմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեմ}}
|-
! allative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆըհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընեհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհռ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհռ}}
|-
! genitive
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆուտ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընիւտ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ուտ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւտ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ուտ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւտ}}
|-
! ablative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆիճ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընայճ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊իճ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընայճ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊իճ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընայճ}}
|-
! dative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆըհ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընեհ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ըհ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեհ}}
|-
! instrumental
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆու}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընիւ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ու}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ու}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընիւ}}
|-
! comitative
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆոմ}}
| {{sish-tr|վիլֆընեւմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ոմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեւմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ոմ}}
| {{sish-tr|֊ընեւմ}}
{{inflection-table-bottom}}
===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
===Verbs===
===Verbs===
===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
==Syntax==
==Syntax==
==Texts==
==Texts==
==Lexicon==
==Lexicon==

Latest revision as of 00:02, 10 June 2026


Sishami
Created byMelinoë
DateJune 9th, 2026
Native toArmenia: Lori, Tavush
Georgia: Kvemo Kartli
Azerbaijan: Gazakh, Aghstafa, Tovuz
EthnicitySishamis
Early forms
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Sishami is a Chlesamnic language of the High Polovic branch spoken at the intersection of Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, though it is entirely unintelligible with Caucasian Polovic.

Etymology

The English name is from Ottoman Turkish /sɯʃɑ(ː)ˈmɯd͡ʒɑ/, from /sɯʃɑ(ː)ˈmɯ/, from Persian /siʃaːˈmiː/, which is from Old Sishami Օսըշահմմը (Ōsəšahmmə), which is a compound of օսըմ (ōsəm) ("lip") + -(ը)շահմ (-(ə)šahm) (abstract noun affix)+ -մը (-mə) ("our").

History

Phonology

Consonants

labial alveolar palatal velar
nasal m ⟨մ n ⟨ն
stop unvoiced p ⟨պ t ⟨տ t͡ʃ ⟨ճ k ⟨ի
aspirated pʰ ⟨փ tʰ ⟨թ t͡ʃʰ ⟨չ kʰ ⟨ք
voiced b ⟨բ d ⟨դ d͡ʒ ⟨ջ g ⟨գ
fricative unvoiced f ⟨ֆ s ⟨ս ʃ ⟨շ x ⟨խ
voiced v ⟨վ z ⟨զ ʒ ⟨ժ ɣ ⟨ղ
approximant l ⟨լ j ⟨յ
trill r ⟨ռ
tap ɾ ⟨ր

Vowels

front central back
unround round
short long short long short long short long
High i ⟨ի iː ⟨իհ y ⟨իւ yː ⟨իւհ u ⟨ու uː ⟨ուհ
Mid-high e ⟨է eː ⟨էհ ø ⟨էւ øː ⟨էւհ ə ⟨ը⟩¹ əː ⟨ըհ⟩¹ o ⟨օ oː ⟨օհ
Mid-low ɛ ⟨ե ɛː ⟨եհ œ ⟨եւ œː ⟨եւհ ɔ ⟨ո ɔː ⟨ոհ
Low ɑ ⟨ա ɑː ⟨ահ
  1. The Georgian dialect often deletes /ə/ and turns /əː/ into /o/.

Morphology

Nouns

Sishami nouns decline on several categories, those being case, number, possessor, and (some nouns) animacy.


ə-stem, animate endings
singular plural
nominative ֊ը
֊ընե
-əne
accusative ֊ըմ
-əm
֊ընեմ
-ənem
allative ֊ըհռ
-əhṙ
֊ընեհռ
-ənehṙ
genitive ֊ուտ
-ut
֊ընիւտ
-əniwt
ablative ֊իճ
-ič
֊ընայճ
-ənayč
dative ֊ըհ
-əh
֊ընեհ
-əneh
instrumental ֊ու
-u
֊ընիւ
-əniw
comitative ֊ոմ
-om
֊ընեւմ
-ənewm
ə-stem, animate
վիլֆը (vilfə) ը (ə) ը (ə)
singular plural singular plural singular plural
nominative վիլֆը
vilfə
վիլֆընե
vilfəne
֊ը
֊ընե
-əne
֊ը
֊ընե
-əne
accusative վիլֆըմ
vilfəm
վիլֆընեմ
vilfənem
֊ըմ
-əm
֊ընեմ
-ənem
֊ըմ
-əm
֊ընեմ
-ənem
allative վիլֆըհռ
vilfəhṙ
վիլֆընեհռ
vilfənehṙ
֊ըհռ
-əhṙ
֊ընեհռ
-ənehṙ
֊ըհռ
-əhṙ
֊ընեհռ
-ənehṙ
genitive վիլֆուտ
vilfut
վիլֆընիւտ
vilfəniwt
֊ուտ
-ut
֊ընիւտ
-əniwt
֊ուտ
-ut
֊ընիւտ
-əniwt
ablative վիլֆիճ
vilfič
վիլֆընայճ
vilfənayč
֊իճ
-ič
֊ընայճ
-ənayč
֊իճ
-ič
֊ընայճ
-ənayč
dative վիլֆըհ
vilfəh
վիլֆընեհ
vilfəneh
֊ըհ
-əh
֊ընեհ
-əneh
֊ըհ
-əh
֊ընեհ
-əneh
instrumental վիլֆու
vilfu
վիլֆընիւ
vilfəniw
֊ու
-u
֊ընիւ
-əniw
֊ու
-u
֊ընիւ
-əniw
comitative վիլֆոմ
vilfom
վիլֆընեւմ
vilfənewm
֊ոմ
-om
֊ընեւմ
-ənewm
֊ոմ
-om
֊ընեւմ
-ənewm

Adjectives

Verbs

Pronouns

Syntax

Texts

Lexicon