Gollic: Difference between revisions
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'''Gollic''' ([[w:Endonym|endonym]]: ''feuis jaulic'' [[IPA for Gollic|[fɥi ʒɔˈli]]]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic. | '''Gollic''' ([[w:Endonym|endonym]]: ''feuis jaulic'' [[IPA for Gollic|[fɥi ʒɔˈli]]]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic. Gollic is inspired aesthetically by [[w:French language|French]]. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
<!-- ***Phonology*** --> | <!-- ***Phonology*** --> | ||
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| [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ̃]] | | [[w:Open back unrounded vowel|ɑ̃]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ===Stress=== | ||
Lexical stress in Gollic typically falls on the penultimate or final syllable of a word. Certain rules that fix stress on one of the two are as follows: | |||
* A syllable with <é> is generally stressed | |||
* All verbs have final stress in all forms | |||
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | ||
===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
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| Pp || ''pe'' {{IPA|[ˈpə]}} ||= | | Pp || ''pe'' {{IPA|[ˈpə]}} ||= | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Qq || '' | | Qq || ''que'' {{IPA|[ˈkə]}} || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Rr || ''er'' {{IPA|[ˈʁə]}} || | | Rr || ''er'' {{IPA|[ˈʁə]}} || | ||
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--> | --> | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
Gollic nouns can be masculine or feminine. The gender of nouns is generally not predictable based on form, and instead is indicated with article and (sometimes) adjective agreement. For nouns regarding the living, their grammatical gender generally corresponds to the referrent. For example, a male teacher is ''le lous'', while a female teacher is ''lée lous''. | |||
Plurals are typically marked with a final ''-e'' (i.e. ''lous'' > ''louse''). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /{{IPA|lu}}/ vs plural /{{IPA|lus}}/). If the noun already ends in ''-e'' in the singular, then it instead becomes ''-ée'' (for example, ''paste'' > ''pastée''). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /{{IPA|past}}/ vs plural /{{IPA|pasˈte}}/). | |||
===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite | Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite forms. The finite moods are [[w:indicative mood|indicative]], [[w:subjunctive mood|subjunctive]], and [[w:imperative mood|imperative]]. The non-finite forms are the [[w:infinitive|infinitive]] and [[w:participle|participles]]. | ||
In a number of verbs, such as ''pesaine'', the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, ''poisé'' instead of *''pesé'') | In a number of verbs, such as ''pesaine'', the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, ''poisé'' instead of *''pesé'') | ||
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| pes'''e''' | | pes'''e''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== | ====Imperative mood==== | ||
The | The imperative mood is used to denote a command. The imperative does not take tense, and is only used with you, we, and plural you. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+ Imperative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat') | |+ Imperative forms of the regular verb ''pesaine'' ('to eat') | ||
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| — | | — | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
Revision as of 02:55, 4 July 2026
| Gollic | |
|---|---|
| feuis jaulic | |
| Pronunciation | [fɥi ʒɔˈli] |
| Created by | Nehster9 |
| Date | 2024 |
| Setting | Gollia |
| Ethnicity | Golls |
| Native speakers | 49.4 million (2100) |
Trihimic
| |
Early forms | |
| Official status | |
Official language in | Gollia |
| Regulated by | Gollic Academy |
Gollic (endonym: feuis jaulic [fɥi ʒɔˈli]) is an a priori and naturalistic language spoken in Gollia. It is a member of the Trihimic languages, descended from Proto-Trihimic. Gollic is inspired aesthetically by French.
Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palatal /Postalveolar |
Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ||
| voiced | b | d | g | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | ʁ | |
| voiced | v | z | ʒ | |||
| Approximant | plain | j | ||||
| labial | ɥ | w | ||||
| lateral | l | |||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unrounded | Rounded | |||
| Close | i | y | u | |
| Close-mid | e | ø | ə | o |
| Open-mid | ε | ɔ | ||
| Open | a | ɑ | ||
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Open-mid | ɛ̃ | ɔ̃ |
| Open | ɑ̃ |
Stress
Lexical stress in Gollic typically falls on the penultimate or final syllable of a word. Certain rules that fix stress on one of the two are as follows:
- A syllable with <é> is generally stressed
- All verbs have final stress in all forms
Morphophonology
Orthography
Modern Gollic spelling largely represents Gollic as it was pronounced in the 13th century. As a result, final <e> and unpronounced consonants are often preserved in writing.
| Letter | Name | Diacritics and ligatures |
|---|---|---|
| Aa | a [ˈa] | Ââ |
| Bb | be [ˈbə] | |
| Cc | ce [ˈsə] | Çç |
| Dd | de [ˈdə] | |
| Ee | e [ˈε] | Éé, Êê |
| Ff | ef [ˈfə] | |
| Gg | ge [ˈʒə] | |
| Hh | he [ˈə] | |
| Ii | i [ˈi] | Îî |
| Jj | je [ˈʒə] | |
| Ll | el [ˈlə] | |
| Nn | en [ˈnə] | |
| Mm | em [ˈmə] | |
| Oo | o [ˈo] | Ôô, Œœ |
| Pp | pe [ˈpə] | = |
| que [ˈkə] | ||
| Rr | er [ˈʁə] | |
| Ss | es [ˈsə] | |
| Tt | te [ˈtə] | |
| Uu | u [ˈy] | Ûû |
| Vv | ve [ˈvə] | |
| Yy | y [ˈi] | |
| Zz | ze [ˈzə] |
Grammar
Nouns
Gollic nouns can be masculine or feminine. The gender of nouns is generally not predictable based on form, and instead is indicated with article and (sometimes) adjective agreement. For nouns regarding the living, their grammatical gender generally corresponds to the referrent. For example, a male teacher is le lous, while a female teacher is lée lous.
Plurals are typically marked with a final -e (i.e. lous > louse). Generally, the only difference in pronunciation will be that the last consonant in the plural is pronounced (singular /lu/ vs plural /lus/). If the noun already ends in -e in the singular, then it instead becomes -ée (for example, paste > pastée). In this case, the last consonant is pronounced invariably, and in the plural, the <é> is pronounced (singular /past/ vs plural /pasˈte/).
Verbs
Most verbs in Gollic have both finite and non-finite forms. The finite moods are indicative, subjunctive, and imperative. The non-finite forms are the infinitive and participles.
In a number of verbs, such as pesaine, the stem vowel shifts in certain forms. Only a few forms may take this vowel change, and it is usually applied across all such forms within all verbs with stem vowel changes (for example, poisé instead of *pesé)
Indicative mood
The indicative mood is used to denote a factual statement. Four tenses are used in the indicative: present, imperfect, past, and future.
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| vie | tife | vois/liv/ceu | vié | tifée | voise | |
| Present | poisé | poisét | poisuis | pesié | pesée | pesuise |
| Imperfect | pesois | pesis | poisent | pesoise | pesise | pesente |
| Past | poisir | poisind | poisit | pesire | pesind | pesié |
| Future | pesan | pesand | pesant | pesance | pesandé | pesante |
Subjunctive mood
The subjunctive mood is used to denote a hypothetical statement. Only two tenses are used in the subjunctive: present and imperfect.
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| vie | tife | vois/liv/ceu | vié | tifée | voise | |
| Present | poisuit | poisans | poisoix | pesue | pesanse | pesoie |
| Imperfect | peset | poisou | pêt | pesue | pesue | pese |
Imperative mood
The imperative mood is used to denote a command. The imperative does not take tense, and is only used with you, we, and plural you.
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | |
| — | tife | — | vié | tifée | — | |
| Affirmative | — | pois | — | pesue | pesse | — |
| Negative | — | ne pois | — | ne pesue | ne pesse | — |