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Maltcégj: Difference between revisions
→Verbs
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==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
As Maltcégj is a "VSO" language, most sentences begin with a verb. Verbs can only be preceded by conjunctions and particles (most of which are prefixed to the verb). | |||
There is no inflection on verbs; all tenses, moods, aspects, voices, and modalities are conveyed by particles, which operate much like they do in Mandarin Chinese. (The equivalent Mandarin particles are included in the table below for further clarity.) | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Particle !! !! TAMV !! E.g. | |||
|- | |||
| ''vrei'' || 吧 || Imperative || ''vreitcók!'' Go! | |||
|- | |||
| ''men'' || 吧,請 || Jussive || ''mentcók.'' Please go. | |||
|- | |||
| ''cʌþ'' || 嗎 || Interrogative || ''cʌþ tcok mélem?''<sup>1</sup> Are you going? | |||
|- | |||
| ''bleg'' || 不,沒 || Negative || ''blegtcók mélem.'' You’re not going. | |||
|- | |||
| ''lǫ'' || - || Subjunctive || ''lǫtcég kleg lǫtcók mélem.'' It is important that you go. | |||
|- | |||
| ''dyd'' || 了 || Past || ''dydtcók mélem.'' You went. | |||
|- | |||
| ''nag'' || 要 || Future || ''nagtcók mélem.'' You will go. | |||
|- | |||
| ''dla'' || 就,剛 || Immediacy || ''(always combined with other particles – see below)'' | |||
|- | |||
| ''kwarþ'' || 過 || Perfect || ''kwarþtcók mélem.'' You have gone. | |||
|- | |||
| ''blai'' || 正在 || Progressive || ''blaitcók mélem.'' You are (in the process of) going. | |||
|- | |||
| ''kan'' || 還 || Continuative || ''kantcók mélem.'' You are still going. | |||
|- | |||
| ''gak'' || - || Habitual || ''gaktcók mélem.'' You (often/regularly) go. | |||
|- | |||
| ''kla'' || - || Terminative || ''klatcók mélem.'' You have stopped going. | |||
|- | |||
| ''guc'' || - || Inceptive || ''guctcók mélem.'' You have started to go. | |||
|- | |||
| ''rak'' || 被 || Passive || ''rakulóm mélem.'' You are seen. | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
1 Unlike other particles, ''cʌþ'' does not combine with the verb; it stands on its own as an individual word. | |||
==Adverbs== | ==Adverbs== | ||