User:IlL/Knench

Venetian Hebrew (ngiwrith /ˈɲiwriθ/) is a basilect of Hebrew spoken in Lõis's Northern Italy, Austria and Southern Germany.

Phonology

Consonants

/m pʰ b f w n tʰ t˭ d θ ð ts s z ɬ ʂ j ŋ kʰ k˭ g x h l r/ ⟨m p b f w n t tt d th dh ts s z σ sz y ng k kk g kh h l r⟩

Allophonic palatalization occurs before /i/ or /j/. /ŋ kʰ k˭ g x/ palatalize to alveolopalatals /ɲ tɕʰ tɕ˭ dʑ ɕ/.

Vowels

/a ɛ i ɔ u ə/ = ⟨a e i o u ø⟩

Word-final /i/ is silent and palatalizes the preceding consonant.

Prosody

Stress

Stress is always penultimate.

Morphology

Nouns and adjectives

Nouns are either masculine or feminine, and inflect for number. Adjectives agree with nouns in gender and number.

• The regular feminine singular suffix is -ø or -th.
• The regular masculine plural suffix is -i after consonants and -yø after vowels.
• The regular feminine plural is -uth.

køfor, køfori (m) = village, villages

bagbøg, bagbøgi (m) = bottle, bottles

i, iyø (m) = island, islands

kkiszø, kkiszøyø (m) = squash, squashes

gøfø, gøfuth (f) = corpse, corpses

tagrith, tagriyuth (f) = incident, incidents

Verbs

Clauses take the form of inflected pronoun + preposition/aspect marker + verbal noun.

Copula

Inflection of the copula (Present tense)

→ Person ↓ Truth value	1sg	2sg.m	2sg.f	3sg.m	3sg.f	1pl.in	2pl	3pl
Affirmative	ni	to	ad	u	i	nan	ti	em
Interrogative	ini	intø	imad	imu	imi	inan	inti	iyum
Negative	eni	ekhø	ekh	enu	enø	enen	ekhi	enøm

Syntax

Noun phrase

The definite article is a clitic:

• Singular: -az (after C) or -zø (after V)
• Plural: -il

Examples:

• hadhør = a room
• hadhøraz = the room
• hadhør godhul = a big room
• hadhør godhulaz = the big room
• boti godhuli = big houses
• boti godhulil = the big houses