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Wendlandish: Difference between revisions
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/g/ is not a native phoneme of Wendlandish, but some people use it in unassimilated loanwords which originally had it. For example ''granís'' "border" is a totally assimilated loanword (from Polish ''granica'') and is pronounced [ɣraˈniːs], while ''gató ''"cake (in specific contexts)" (from French ''gâteau'') isn't and may be pronounced [gaˈtoː], but more commonly is [ɣaˈtoː]. | /g/ is not a native phoneme of Wendlandish, but some people use it in unassimilated loanwords which originally had it. For example ''granís'' "border" is a totally assimilated loanword (from Polish ''granica'') and is pronounced [ɣraˈniːs], while ''gató ''"cake (in specific contexts)" (from French ''gâteau'') isn't and may be pronounced [gaˈtoː], but more commonly is [ɣaˈtoː]. | ||
Similarly, /v/ is used by some speakers instead of /ʋ/ (and its coda allophone [ʊ̯]) in words of Polish origin, even in "assimilated" loanwords, like ''javnosj ''"public" [ˈjɑːvnɔʃ] (from ''jawność'') or ''tjervon ''"red" [tʃɛrˈvoːn] (from ''czerwony'') — standard pronunciations being [ˈjɑːʊ̯nɔʃ] and [tʃɛrˈʋoːn]. | Similarly, /v/ is used by some speakers instead of /ʋ/ (and its coda allophone [ʊ̯]) in words of Polish origin, even in "assimilated" loanwords, like ''javnosj ''"public" [ˈjɑːvnɔʃ] (from ''jawność'') or ''tjervon ''"red" [tʃɛrˈvoːn] (from ''czerwony'') — standard pronunciations being [ˈjɑːʊ̯nɔʃ] and [tʃɛrˈʋoːn]. This does not happen, anyway, with loanwords from any other source.<br/> In standard Wendlandish, [v] otherwise only appears as an allophone of /ʋ/ after /k/ — even if this too only happens in borrowings, usually learned Latin words like ''kvæstsura'' "public office" [kvæsˈtsuːra] (reborrowing from ''quaestūra''), ''kvadrats ''"square" [kvaˈdrats] (reb. < ''quadrātum''), or ''inkvizitjona ''"research group; scientific research; Inquisition" [iŋkviziˈtʃoːna] (reb. < ''inquīsītiōnem''); but also from other sources, including Polish /w/, like ''zakvat ''"factory" [ˈzɑːkvat], (< ''zakład''). Note that foreign /gv/ is usually borrowed as /kv/ too, or /ɣ/ before /u/ or /o/ (e.g. the two assimilated loanwords ''kvjast ''"star" [ˈkvjast] < Pol. ''gwiazda''; and ''gosj ''"nail" [ˈɣoːʃ] < Pol. ''gwóźdź''). | ||
Phonemic /v/ is however much more common than phonemic /g/, even if used by a minority of speakers. | Phonemic /v/ is however much more common than phonemic /g/, even if used by a minority of speakers. | ||