Taba: Difference between revisions

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==Diachronic sketch==
==Diachronic sketch==
#q, qʷ > k, kʷ
#q, qʷ > k, kʷ
#root voice assimilation: a plain stop (unless following ''s'') is assimilated to a voiced stop within a stem
#*"An additional constraint prohibited roots containing both a voiced aspirated and a voiceless plosive (**tebʰ-), unless the latter occurs in a word-initial cluster after an *s (e.g. *stebʰ- 'to stiffen'). Taken together with the abundance of *DʰeDʰ-type roots, it has been proposed that this distribution results from a limited process of voice assimilation in pre-PIE, where a voiceless stop was assimilated to a voiced aspirate, if another one followed or preceded within a root."
#a ə i u > e a i u (before laryngeals vocalize)
#a ə i u > e a i u (before laryngeals vocalize)
#laryngeal reflexes:
#laryngeal reflexes:
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#*axʷ, exʷ, ixʷ, uxʷ > ō, ō, iw, ū
#*axʷ, exʷ, ixʷ, uxʷ > ō, ō, iw, ū
#*ax̌ʷ, ex̌ʷ, ix̌ʷ, ux̌ʷ > ā, ō, ew, ō
#*ax̌ʷ, ex̌ʷ, ix̌ʷ, ux̌ʷ > ā, ō, ew, ō
#root voice assimilation: a plain stop (unless following ''s'') is assimilated to a voiced stop within a stem
#*Zero-grade becomes u-grade
#*"An additional constraint prohibited roots containing both a voiced aspirated and a voiceless plosive (**tebʰ-), unless the latter occurs in a word-initial cluster after an *s (e.g. *stebʰ- 'to stiffen'). Taken together with the abundance of *DʰeDʰ-type roots, it has been proposed that this distribution results from a limited process of voice assimilation in pre-PIE, where a voiceless stop was assimilated to a voiced aspirate, if another one followed or preceded within a root."
*l > r; lʼ, ł > l
*l > r; lʼ, ł > l
*mC, nC, lC, rC > um, un, ul, ur (word-initially)
*mC, nC, lC, rC > um, un, ul, ur (word-initially)

Revision as of 22:37, 15 January 2017

Proto-Pfeunic is the common ancestor to Pfeunic, one of the largest branches of the Quihum languages.

Diachronic sketch

  1. q, qʷ > k, kʷ
  2. root voice assimilation: a plain stop (unless following s) is assimilated to a voiced stop within a stem
    • "An additional constraint prohibited roots containing both a voiced aspirated and a voiceless plosive (**tebʰ-), unless the latter occurs in a word-initial cluster after an *s (e.g. *stebʰ- 'to stiffen'). Taken together with the abundance of *DʰeDʰ-type roots, it has been proposed that this distribution results from a limited process of voice assimilation in pre-PIE, where a voiceless stop was assimilated to a voiced aspirate, if another one followed or preceded within a root."
  3. a ə i u > e a i u (before laryngeals vocalize)
  4. laryngeal reflexes:
    • aʔ, eʔ, iʔ, uʔ (also ah, eh, ih, uh) > ā, ē, ī, ū
    • ax, ex, ix, ux > ē, ē, ī, ū
    • ax̌, ex̌, ix̌, ux̌ > ā, ā, ē, ō
    • axʷ, exʷ, ixʷ, uxʷ > ō, ō, iw, ū
    • ax̌ʷ, ex̌ʷ, ix̌ʷ, ux̌ʷ > ā, ō, ew, ō
    • Zero-grade becomes u-grade
  • l > r; lʼ, ł > l
  • mC, nC, lC, rC > um, un, ul, ur (word-initially)
  • s > s/z?
  • z, n', l > r
  • -sm-, -sn-, -sl-, -sr- > mm, nn, ll, rr
  • -łm-, -łn- > lm, ll
  • -ł > -:
  • m'-, w' > wr-?
  • What if some z c c' become PPf dentals (d t þ)?
    • PQ sc > PPf st
  • Grimm's law!
  • Verner's law!
  • e > i before nasals, and in unstressed syllables (except before r)

Phonology

Consonants

Similar to PGmc, with addition of ŧ, đ, ŝ /tɬ, dɮ, ɧ/.

Vowels

Vocalism should be similar to PGmc.