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Perhaps most notably of all, many of these early comics, even those used to tell narratives, used blocks of symbols intended to convey speech and narration. Linguists have analyzed these symbols and found no meaningful correspondence between them and any known stage of the Rttirri language, but because of the non-literal nature of many symbols used (for example, a drawing of a head shaking was sometimes used to signal negation), it is hypothesized that if Rttirria had been isolated from Arab and Indian peoples, these symbols could have eventually evolved into a [[w:logogram|logographic]] writing system like that of [[w:Chinese characters|Chinese]] or [[w:Maya script|the Mayan languages]]. | Perhaps most notably of all, many of these early comics, even those used to tell narratives, used blocks of symbols intended to convey speech and narration. Linguists have analyzed these symbols and found no meaningful correspondence between them and any known stage of the Rttirri language, but because of the non-literal nature of many symbols used (for example, a drawing of a head shaking was sometimes used to signal negation), it is hypothesized that if Rttirria had been isolated from Arab and Indian peoples, these symbols could have eventually evolved into a [[w:logogram|logographic]] writing system like that of [[w:Chinese characters|Chinese]] or [[w:Maya script|the Mayan languages]]. | ||
===Cuisine=== | |||
Rttirrian cuisine is similar to that of other Southeast Asian nations, with an emphasis on such staples as rice, coconuts, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and fragrant spices and herbs. Herbs and spices such as [[w:lemongrass|lemongrass]], [[w:ginger|ginger]], and [[w:bird's eye chili|bird's eye chili]] are also used as garnishes. [[w:Candlenut|Candlenuts]] are a common source of oil for frying, though the seeds are toxic when eaten raw. Borneo tallow nuts (in the ''[[w:Shorea|Shorea]]'' genus) are an occasional source of protein. | |||
Fruits are used in many dishes, including the [[w:tamarind|tamarind]], [[w:durian|durian]], [[w:banana|banana]], [[w:pomegranate|pomegranate]], [[w:plum|plum]], and [[w:sugar-apple|sugar-apple]]. They are incorporated both in their entirety and for the flavors of their juice, and are used in dishes ranging from ordinary curries and stir-fries to pastries and dumplings, even being combined freely with hot spices such as chilis. As a result, many Rttirrian dishes exhibit the unusual flavor combination of sweet and spicy. | |||
Rttirria has one of the highest rates of [[w:vegetarianism|vegetarianism]] in the world: as of 2013, 53% of adults surveyed reported that they adhered to a vegetarian diet, including 7% who were [[w:veganism|vegan]]. Rates of vegetarianism were highest in areas farther from the coast, with higher political conservatism scores and fewer ethnic immigrants. Women, and middle-aged and older people, were somewhat more likely to be vegetarian. | |||
The Hindu principle of ''[[w:ahimsa|ahimsa]]'', or non-harm to living creatures, is taken by many Hindu Rttirrians as a prohibition on consuming meat and fish. Generally, [[w:lacto-vegetarianism|lacto-vegetarianism]], where dairy products are permitted, is more common in the north and east of the country, where the milk of the [[w:banteng|banteng]] cow forms a primary source of protein. Banteng do not live in the south and west, so [[w:ovo-vegetarianism|ovo-vegetarianism]] is more prevalent; the eggs of chickens and other birds and reptiles are eaten. The exchange of dishes from all regions of the country that eschew both dairy and eggs have contributed to the appeal of veganism. [[w:Fish sauce|Fish sauce]], which is otherwise typical of Southeast Asian cuisines, is generally eschewed to make foods more accessible for vegetarians. | |||
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Revision as of 03:37, 9 February 2017
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand
Capital | Iharnara |
---|---|
Largest city | Efunari |
Official languages | Rttirri |
Spoken languages | Rttirri, ... |
Ethnic groups | 77.4% Rttirri 7.4% Burmese 6.9% Other Asian 5.6% White/Black/Latin American 2.7% Other Rttirrians |
Religion | 68.1% Hindu ... |
Demonym | Rttirrian |
Government | ... |
Area | 119,595.59 sq mi (309,751 km2) |
Population | 58,182,131 (2015 estimate) 55,247,900 (2010 census) |
Population density | 484.97/sq mi (187.25/km2) |
GDP (PPP) | ... |
Rttirria (English: /ˈtɪəriə/, Rttirri: [ʈʼiɻitʼøku] Rttirritteku) is a country situated on a peninsula on the Bay of Bengal in Southeast Asia. Covering an area of about 120,000 sq mi (310,000 km2), Rttirria is the 70th largest country on Earth, immediately after Poland. With a population of over 58 million people as of 2015, it is also the 24th most populous country, after Italy. Rttirria's capital is Iharnara, which is its fourth largest city by population at 1.5 million people; its largest city is Efunari, with 4.2 million. It is a presidential republic and liberal democracy with one of the highest Human Development Index and GDP per capita ratings in Southeast Asia.
Sharing a land border with Myanmar on the northeast, Rttirria has a diverse topography, ranging from dense tropical rainforest—particularly near the border with Myanmar—to the alpine Rsewakai Mountains in the center and north, steep cliffs and meadows in the southwest, and the volcanic island province of Rseperupu. The population is heavily concentrated in metropolitan areas along the southeastern coast, such as those surrounding the cities of Efunari, Iharnara, Kikai, and Chukkapati; most of the northern part of the country, especially in the Rsewakai Mountains, is very sparsely populated. Most of the population speaks Rttirri, but sizable minority communities speak other indigenous and immigrant languages. The largest religion is Hinduism; other significant minority religions are Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, and atheism.
Rttirria is divided into 27 provinces, each of them—except Martirtu—themselves divided into counties. Although the provinces have distinct regional identities, cultures, and dialects of the Rttirri language, the nation has maintained a fairly consistent identity since the 14th century, when Indian colonists and traders brought the 26 kingdoms that make up modern Rttirria into closer contact with one another—the province of Warakitasa was divided into two by British colonists in the 19th century for greater ease of governance. Rttirria remained a developing country well into the 20th century, punctuated by waves of political riots—especially in Iharnara—in the 1960s and 1970s. Since then, its economy and political standing have blossomed into those of a middle power, propelled by the government's investment in free education, business, technology, tourism, and free trade.
Etymology
The native name for Rttirria is Rttirritteku, which simply means "the Rttirri homeland" or "the Rttirri nation". The suffix -tteku is also used in various other names for countries in Rttirri, particularly in Southeast Asia. The etymology of Rttirri is unknown, but is recorded in inscriptions dating back to the 14th century. One commonly purported origin of the name is rtti-rri (lit. "mongoose-like"), but this is believed to be a false etymology—the name Rttirri predates the adjectival suffix -rri, at least in written text. Originally -rrirai ("to resemble") was used to derive adjectives from nouns, and only later was it simplified to -rri. In fact, the Eastern dialects of the Rttirri language pronounce the two words differently: Rttirri [ʈʼɨɻɨ] vs. rtti-rri [ʈʼɨɻi].
History
'40s: WWII? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand_in_World_War_II
'60s: Communism?
Late '60s and '70s: nationwide riots, government crackdowns, tons of executions, lots of people left
'80s and '90s: revitalization through tech and education
Demographics
Census | Pop. | %± | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1880 | |||||
1890 | |||||
1900 | |||||
1910 | |||||
1920 | |||||
1930 | |||||
1940 | |||||
1950 | 35,132,774 | ||||
1960 | 40,683,752 | 15.8% | |||
1970 | 41,538,111 | 2.1% | |||
1980 | 39,419,668 | −5.1% | |||
1990 | 42,336,724 | 7.4% | |||
2000 | 49,152,936 | 16.1% | |||
2010 | 55,247,900 | 12.4% | |||
2015 | 58,182,131 | 5.3% |
Rttirria is fairly ethnically homogeneous among Southeast Asian nations. Its dominant ethnic group, the Rttirri people, make up 77.4% of the population as of 2015 population estimates, though this percentage is declining. The remaining 22.6% of the population are considered ethnic minorities, and consist of Burmese ethnic groups (7.4%); other Asian peoples from East, Southeast, South, and West Asia (6.9%); non-Asian (5.6%); and of other native cultures on the Rttirrian peninsula (2.7%).
Asian people who are neither Rttirri, other native Rttirrian, or Burmese are of diverse origins, primarily from China, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines, India, Pakistan, Syria, and Iraq. Likewise, non-Asians hail from many other countries around the world, principally the United States, the United Kingdom, Nigeria, Egypt, Somalia, and Serbia and other former Yugoslav countries.
Rttirria has seen moderate urbanization during its history, albeit not to the extent of many other countries. In much of eastern Rttirria, the populations of large urban centers such as Iharnara, Ttyami, and Umairri have been declining for decades due to high crime, protests and riots, deprived post-industrial economies, and political corruption; their inhabitants have been moving to western and northern Rttirria and into rural areas of the east, such as in northern Yenesni, southern Rtuha, and Miwikipu.
The populations of the ten largest cities of Rttirria are as follows:
Rank | City | Province | Region | Pop. (2015) | Pop. (2010) | %± |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Efunari | West Warakitasa | West | 4,519,216 | 4,320,071 | 4.6% |
2 | Chukkapati | Hima | West | 2,100,631 | 1,950,903 | 7.7% |
3 | Tettufane | Namihafapu | North | 1,604,188 | 1,349,193 | 18.9% |
4 | Iharnara (capital) | Akkakau | East | 1,592,079 | 1,603,190 | −1.3% |
5 | Fukanucha | Fukanucha | East | 957,825 | 955,194 | 0.3% |
6 | Ttyami | Ttyami | East | 661,935 | 724,922 | −8.7% |
7 | Aiti | East Warakitasa | West | 596,925 | 578,154 | 3.3% |
8 | Umairri | Umairri | East | 504,559 | 530,615 | −4.9% |
9 | Kikai | Kikai | East | 451,812 | 423,134 | 6.8% |
10 | Rraiwafa | Hima | West | 393,046 | 356,490 | 10.3% |
Culture
Snenuppais
Rttirri's trademark art form is the snenuppai, which translates literally as "little family" and consists of a three-panel comic, arranged from top to bottom. Snenuppais are used for many serious and comedic purposes in the present day, such as for political cartoons in newspapers, illustrations in children's books, pamphlets at religious ceremonies and in many Rttirri editions of Hindu sacred texts, and instructions on appliances.
The origins of snenuppais are unknown, but short visual stories have been found in etchings in stone, clay, and petrified wood all over western Rttirria, some of them dating back to at least the 8th century CE. These visual stories are of various lengths, but usually between one and five panels long, and usually arranged vertically. They were used for various purposes including recording the histories of families, cities, and kingdoms; keeping track of inventories and debts; predicting the future; and allowing newly married couples to write out their wedding vows.
Perhaps most notably of all, many of these early comics, even those used to tell narratives, used blocks of symbols intended to convey speech and narration. Linguists have analyzed these symbols and found no meaningful correspondence between them and any known stage of the Rttirri language, but because of the non-literal nature of many symbols used (for example, a drawing of a head shaking was sometimes used to signal negation), it is hypothesized that if Rttirria had been isolated from Arab and Indian peoples, these symbols could have eventually evolved into a logographic writing system like that of Chinese or the Mayan languages.
Cuisine
Rttirrian cuisine is similar to that of other Southeast Asian nations, with an emphasis on such staples as rice, coconuts, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and fragrant spices and herbs. Herbs and spices such as lemongrass, ginger, and bird's eye chili are also used as garnishes. Candlenuts are a common source of oil for frying, though the seeds are toxic when eaten raw. Borneo tallow nuts (in the Shorea genus) are an occasional source of protein.
Fruits are used in many dishes, including the tamarind, durian, banana, pomegranate, plum, and sugar-apple. They are incorporated both in their entirety and for the flavors of their juice, and are used in dishes ranging from ordinary curries and stir-fries to pastries and dumplings, even being combined freely with hot spices such as chilis. As a result, many Rttirrian dishes exhibit the unusual flavor combination of sweet and spicy.
Rttirria has one of the highest rates of vegetarianism in the world: as of 2013, 53% of adults surveyed reported that they adhered to a vegetarian diet, including 7% who were vegan. Rates of vegetarianism were highest in areas farther from the coast, with higher political conservatism scores and fewer ethnic immigrants. Women, and middle-aged and older people, were somewhat more likely to be vegetarian.
The Hindu principle of ahimsa, or non-harm to living creatures, is taken by many Hindu Rttirrians as a prohibition on consuming meat and fish. Generally, lacto-vegetarianism, where dairy products are permitted, is more common in the north and east of the country, where the milk of the banteng cow forms a primary source of protein. Banteng do not live in the south and west, so ovo-vegetarianism is more prevalent; the eggs of chickens and other birds and reptiles are eaten. The exchange of dishes from all regions of the country that eschew both dairy and eggs have contributed to the appeal of veganism. Fish sauce, which is otherwise typical of Southeast Asian cuisines, is generally eschewed to make foods more accessible for vegetarians.