Yattano: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(The page was created.) |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Grapheme !! IPA Symbol !! Description and Notes | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | k || [k] || Voiceless velar plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | p || [p] || Voiceless bilabial plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | t || [t] || Voiceless dental plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | n || [n] || (Voiced) alveolar nasal. Can be pronounced as [ŋ] before k and g. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | m || [m] || (Voiced) bilabial nasal | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | s || [s] || Voiceless alveolar fricative | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | j || [j] || Palatal approximant | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | š || [ʃ] || Voiceless post-alveolar fricative | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | č || [t͡ʃ] || Voiceless post-alveolar fricative | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | r || [ɾ] || Alveolar tap | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | b || [b] || Voiced bilabial plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | g || [g] || Voiced velar plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | d || [d] || Voiced dental plosive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | đ || [d͡ʒ] || Voiced post-alveolar fricative | ||
|- | |||
|- | |- | ||
| z || [z] || Voiced alveolar fricative | |||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 62: | Line 53: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Grapheme !! IPA Symbol !! Description and notes | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | a || [a] || Open front unrounded vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | e || [e] || Close mid-front unrounded vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | i || [i] || Close front unrounded vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | o || [o] || Close mid-back rounded vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | u || [u] || Close back rounded vowel | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ö || | | ö || [ø] || Close mid-front rounded vowel | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 82: | Line 71: | ||
====Stress==== | ====Stress==== | ||
Stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable of the word, but it can sometimes be on the last syllable too. Stress | Stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable of the word, but it can sometimes be on the last syllable too. Stress usually doesn't change the meaning of a word. | ||
====Intonation==== | ====Intonation==== | ||
* To indicate that a sentence is a question, the pitch of the last syllable sharply rises. | |||
* When there are two or more adjectives modifying a noun, or there is a list of nouns or there is a list of choices, the pitch of the last syllables of all words except that of the last words fall. The final syllable of the last word rises. | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
| Line 95: | Line 87: | ||
====Diphtongs==== | ====Diphtongs==== | ||
Note that the vowel "ö" is not allowed to form a | Note that the vowel "ö" is not allowed to form a diphthong. | ||
{| | {| | ||
| Line 112: | Line 104: | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Consonant clusters==== | ====Consonant clusters==== | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| Line 135: | Line 127: | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
There are | There are 11 noun cases that are marked on the '''noun''' in Yattano: transitive, intransitive, abessive, existive or ornative, derivative or inalienable possessive, genitive, equative, postpositional, final or benefactive, interal, distributive. There are also 12 cases that are marked on the '''verb''' rather than the noun: locative, dative or terminative, ablative or egressive, illative, causal-final (reason why), causal-final (cause of something), instrumental, cronitive, comitative, translative, adverbial, elative. | ||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||
===Constituent order=== | ===Constituent order=== | ||
Revision as of 18:37, 13 September 2017
Introduction
Yattano is a language with transitive-intransitive alignment. Its phonology was inspired by Japanese.
Phonology
The charts under the title "phonology" use the Romanization system, rather than the actual writing system.
Orthography
Consonants
Yattano has 15 consonants:
| Grapheme | IPA Symbol | Description and Notes |
|---|---|---|
| k | [k] | Voiceless velar plosive |
| p | [p] | Voiceless bilabial plosive |
| t | [t] | Voiceless dental plosive |
| n | [n] | (Voiced) alveolar nasal. Can be pronounced as [ŋ] before k and g. |
| m | [m] | (Voiced) bilabial nasal |
| s | [s] | Voiceless alveolar fricative |
| j | [j] | Palatal approximant |
| š | [ʃ] | Voiceless post-alveolar fricative |
| č | [t͡ʃ] | Voiceless post-alveolar fricative |
| r | [ɾ] | Alveolar tap |
| b | [b] | Voiced bilabial plosive |
| g | [g] | Voiced velar plosive |
| d | [d] | Voiced dental plosive |
| đ | [d͡ʒ] | Voiced post-alveolar fricative |
| z | [z] | Voiced alveolar fricative |
Vowels
Yattano has 6 vowels:
| Grapheme | IPA Symbol | Description and notes |
|---|---|---|
| a | [a] | Open front unrounded vowel |
| e | [e] | Close mid-front unrounded vowel |
| i | [i] | Close front unrounded vowel |
| o | [o] | Close mid-back rounded vowel |
| u | [u] | Close back rounded vowel |
| ö | [ø] | Close mid-front rounded vowel |
Prosody
Stress
Stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable of the word, but it can sometimes be on the last syllable too. Stress usually doesn't change the meaning of a word.
Intonation
- To indicate that a sentence is a question, the pitch of the last syllable sharply rises.
- When there are two or more adjectives modifying a noun, or there is a list of nouns or there is a list of choices, the pitch of the last syllables of all words except that of the last words fall. The final syllable of the last word rises.
Phonotactics
- No words can begin with a consonant cluster
- No words can end with a consonant cluster
- No words can end with a consonant except "-n"
- Root words that have "ö" in one syllable can only have either "e", "i" or another "ö" in their other syllables
Diphtongs
Note that the vowel "ö" is not allowed to form a diphthong.
| A | E | I | O | U | |
| A | aa | — | ia | — | ua |
| E | — | ee | ie | — | ue |
| I | ai | ei | ii | oi | ui |
| O | — | — | io | oo | uo |
| U | au | eu | iu | ou | uu |
Consonant clusters
| Group 1 (n-) | Group 2 (j-) | Group 3 (š-) | Group 4 (m-) | Group 5 (double cons.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nt | jn | št | mp | bb |
| nd | jt | šk | mb | kk |
| nk | jk | mj | dd | |
| nj | jm | ... | ||
| ng | js | (all except r and j) | ||
| jr |
Morphology
Nouns
There are 11 noun cases that are marked on the noun in Yattano: transitive, intransitive, abessive, existive or ornative, derivative or inalienable possessive, genitive, equative, postpositional, final or benefactive, interal, distributive. There are also 12 cases that are marked on the verb rather than the noun: locative, dative or terminative, ablative or egressive, illative, causal-final (reason why), causal-final (cause of something), instrumental, cronitive, comitative, translative, adverbial, elative.