User:Aquatiki/Beatbox: Difference between revisions
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=== Orthography === | === Orthography === | ||
Yavona has a unique writing, which has been called featural. '''m''' is a single hump. '''n''' is a box. '''ŋ''' is a inverse-hump, a U. '''r''' is like a C, while '''l''' is the mirror image. A voiced stop is made with a horizontal strike through. Prenasalization is a diaeresis above. Labialvelarization is a ring in the middle or below. Palatalization is a vertical strike through. Ejectives are a dot below. Fricatives double up the nasal symbol. An X is the glottal stop. Double r is the Czech r. Double l is the French r. | Yavona has a unique writing, which has been called featural. '''m''' is a single hump. '''n''' is a box. '''ŋ''' is a inverse-hump, a U. '''r''' is like a C, while '''l''' is the mirror image. A voiced stop is made with a horizontal strike through. Prenasalization is a diaeresis above. Labialvelarization is a ring in the middle or below. Palatalization is a vertical strike through. Ejectives are a dot below. Fricatives double up the nasal symbol. An X is the glottal stop. Double r is the Czech r. Double l is the French r. | ||
Word-medially and initially in West-African loan words only, there is the /gb/ letter, which looks rather like and asterisks. It cannot be prenasalized, labiovelarized, palatalized, or fricitivized. | |||
'''a''' is a triangle. '''u''' is a 7, '''o''' is one upside down. '''i''' is the top-left corner shape, while '''e''' is that upside down. Nasal vowels are diaeresis. Subscripts indicate coda consonants/semi-vowels. | '''a''' is a triangle. '''u''' is a 7, '''o''' is one upside down. '''i''' is the top-left corner shape, while '''e''' is that upside down. Nasal vowels are diaeresis. Subscripts indicate coda consonants/semi-vowels. | ||
Revision as of 00:46, 23 September 2017
Dabsnbaks
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | /m̥/ m | /n̥/ n | ||||
| Other | /ŋ̙̊'/ o | |||||
| Click | /kǀ/ c | /ǁ/ l | /qǂ/ q | /k!/ j | ||
| Stop Eject. | /p'/ p | /t'/ t | /k'/ k | /ʔ/ ' | ||
| Affric. Eject. | /pf'/ pF | /tθ'/ tÞ | /ts'/ tS | /tʃ'/~/ɕʼ/ tZ | /kx'/ kX | |
| Fric. | /f/ f | /θ/ þ | /s/ s | /ʃ/~/ɕ/ z | /x/ x | /h/ h |
| Trill* | /ʙ̥/ v | /r̝̊/ ð | /r̥/ r | /r̼/ w | ||
| Implos. | /ɓ̥/ b | /ɗ̥/ d | /ɠ̊/ g |
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | /pf/ pf | /pθ/ pþ | /ps/ ps | /pʃ/ pz | |
| Alveolar | /tf/ tf | /tθ/ tþ | /ts/ ts | /tʃ/ tz | |
| Velar | /kf/ kf | /kθ/ kþ | /ks/ ks | /kʃ/ kz | /kx/ kx |
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | /ɪ̥/ y | /ʊ̥/ œ |
| Low | /æ̥/ æ | |
A "syllable" consists of either
- an ejective plus vowel
- an ejective plus vowel plus (af)fricative
- an ejective plus vowel plus (af)fricative with nasal release
- a click/trill
- a click/trill plus (af)fricative
- a click/trill plus (af)fricative with nasal release
Yavona
| Oral | Nasal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | Front | Back | |
| High | /i/ i | /u/ u | /ĩ/ ĩ | /ũ/ ũ |
| Mid | /e/ e | /o/ o | ||
| Low | /a/ a | /ɑ̃/ ã | ||
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | /m/ m | /n/ n | /ŋ/ ŋ | |||
| Stop | voiced | /b/ b | /d/ d | (/dʒ/ dj) | /g/ g | |
| ejective | /p'/ p | /t'/ t | /k'/ k | /ʔ/ ` | ||
| Fricative | /ɸ~β/ f | /s~z/ s | /ʃ~ʒ/ z | /h~ɦ/ h | ||
| Trill | /r̝/ v | /r/ r | /ʀ/ x | |||
| Approx. | /j/ j | /w/ w | ||||
| Lateral | /l/ l | (/ɺʲ/ lj) | (/ɫʷ/ lw) | |||
The syllable structure is maximally (N)C(S)V(L), where N is a pre-nasalizing vowel which is homorganic with the following consonant, S is a semi-vowel (either j or w), and L is a final liquid, limited to m, n, ŋ, l, r, h, w, or j. Mid-syllable semi-vowels trigger palatalization, which changes d's to j's (i.e. /dʒ/). The labialized rw is actually /ɻʷ/. The palatalized rj is a tap.
Possible initial consonant clusters are: mb, nd, ŋg, mbw, ndw, ŋgw, mbj, ndj, ŋgj, bw, dw, gw, bj, dj, gj, hw, hj, ml, lj, lw, rj, rw, fw, sw, zw, fj, mf, ms, mz, mfw, msw, mzw, and mfj.
Orthography
Yavona has a unique writing, which has been called featural. m is a single hump. n is a box. ŋ is a inverse-hump, a U. r is like a C, while l is the mirror image. A voiced stop is made with a horizontal strike through. Prenasalization is a diaeresis above. Labialvelarization is a ring in the middle or below. Palatalization is a vertical strike through. Ejectives are a dot below. Fricatives double up the nasal symbol. An X is the glottal stop. Double r is the Czech r. Double l is the French r.
Word-medially and initially in West-African loan words only, there is the /gb/ letter, which looks rather like and asterisks. It cannot be prenasalized, labiovelarized, palatalized, or fricitivized.
a is a triangle. u is a 7, o is one upside down. i is the top-left corner shape, while e is that upside down. Nasal vowels are diaeresis. Subscripts indicate coda consonants/semi-vowels.