Lántun: Difference between revisions

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====Other suffixes====
====Other suffixes====
The slot '''s1''' of the suffix conjugation occupies it place immediately after the stem and has three functions: [[w:Reflexive verb|reflexive]], [[w:Reciprocal construction|reciprocal]], [[w:Affirmation and negation|negative]] and negative reflexive and negative reciprocal. Negation of the verb is generally marked with the suffix ''-(k)y'', but this is not always the case, as this suffix sometimes fuses to the stem: ''tak-ky-u-∅-a → tykku'' “they don’t make it”. Reflexive is marked with the suffix ''-s'' and reciprocal – with ''-ri'', for example: ''tol'''s'''ida'' “he is talking to himself”; ''átor'''ri'''da'' “they two are talking to each other”. When used together, the negative and reflexive or reciprocal suffixes merge: ''-sy'' for reflexive and ''-ry'' for reciprocal; these two suffixes never merge with the stem themselves ''tak-sy-∅-u → tassyku'' “it hasn’t appeared on its own”. The slot corresponds to ''p1'' of the prefix conjugation.
The slot '''s1''' of the suffix conjugation occupies it place immediately after the stem and has three functions: [[w:Reflexive verb|reflexive]], [[w:Reciprocal construction|reciprocal]], [[w:Affirmation and negation|negative]] and negative reflexive and negative reciprocal. Negation of the verb is generally marked with the suffix ''-(k)y'', but this is not always the case, as this suffix sometimes fuses to the stem: ''tak-ky-u-∅-a → tỳkku'' “they don’t make it”. Reflexive is marked with the suffix ''-s'' and reciprocal – with ''-ri'', for example: ''tol'''s'''ida'' “he is talking to himself”; ''átor'''ri'''da'' “they two are talking to each other”. When used together, the negative and reflexive or reciprocal suffixes merge: ''-sy'' for reflexive and ''-ry'' for reciprocal; these two suffixes never merge with the stem themselves ''tak-sy-∅-u → tassyku'' “it hasn’t appeared on its own”. The slot corresponds to ''p1'' of the prefix conjugation.


The slot '''s2''' of the suffix conjugation represents tense-aspect-voice category and corresponds to '''s1''' of the prefix conjugation. It includes three suffixes: [[w:Preterite|preterite]], ''-n'' [[w:Passive voice|passive]] ''-uk'', [[w:Causative|causative]] ''-(i)da'', the latter of which merge into [[w:Anticausative verb|anticausative]] ''-ud(a)'', if used together. The preterite suffix merged with suffixes of the ''s3'' and ''s5'' slots and can occasionally merge with the stem, though usually new regular verb forms would be used in such instances: ''ne-n-ŋ-i-a → ''*néŋŋi'' (old form), ''nenaŋi'' (new form) “we (incl.) see”.
The slot '''s2''' of the suffix conjugation represents tense-aspect-voice category and corresponds to '''s1''' of the prefix conjugation. It includes three suffixes: [[w:Preterite|preterite]], ''-n'' [[w:Passive voice|passive]] ''-uk'', [[w:Causative|causative]] ''-(i)da'', the latter of which merge into [[w:Anticausative verb|anticausative]] ''-ud(a)'', if used together. The preterite suffix merged with suffixes of the ''s3'' and ''s5'' slots and can occasionally merge with the stem, though usually new regular verb forms would be used in such instances: ''ne-n-ŋ-i-a → ''*néŋŋi'' (old form), ''nenaŋi'' (new form) “we (incl.) see”.
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