Aoli/Nouns: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(Blanked the page)
 
(12 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
=Gender=
Gender in Aol pertains to how nouns are declined and gender agreement for articles. Gender of a noun is defined by the vowel of the final syllable.


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
! Feminine !! Masculine
|-
| i, o, e || a, u
|}
=Root Form=
The definition of the Aol "root form" is the nominative singular form.
=Plural Forms=
==Regular Plurals==
Regular plural formation is used for the majority of words in Aol and is used for all words who have multiple syllables in their root form. The -c suffix is used for nouns ending in vowels and the -Vc suffix is used for nouns ending in consonants. For the -Vc suffix, the vowel depends on the gender of the noun.
'''-Vc Vowels:'''<br/>
*Feminine "i, e"
*Masculine "a"
''Examples:''<br/>
fjag "animal" > fjagec "animals"<br/>
arin "star" > arinic "stars"<br/>
anad "gift" > anadac "gifts"<br/>
aga "eye" > agac "eyes"<br/>
esk "cube" > eskic "cubes"<br/>
==Ablaut Plurals==
Ablaut plurals are a much smaller subset of nouns. All ablaut plurals have a single syllable in their root form but not all single syllable root nouns are ablaut plurals.
*o > e
*a > i
*e > ei, ai
''Examples:''<br/>
sar "island" > sir "islands"<br/>
ðeg "book" > ðeig "books"<br/>
ghoþ "scripture" > gheþ "scriptures"<br/>
kek "place" > kaik "places"<br/>
'''Article Agreement'''<br/>
Note that the gender of the plural form is the same as the root form.
==Mass Plurals==
Mass plurals are formed by adding the ''-fen'' suffix to the root form of the noun.
''Examples:''<br/>
vadas "body of water" -> vadasfen "waters"<br/>
del "wind gust" -> delfen "wind"<br/>
=Pronouns=
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!colspan="4"|Pronouns
|-
!Person !! Neuter !! Feminine !! Masculine
|-
!First Person
|iani || iane || iana
|-
!Second Person
|kasi || kase || kasa
|-
!Third Person
|edi || ede || eda
|}
=Cases=
==Basic Cases==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Class of Case'''
!'''Case'''
!'''English Approximation'''
!'''Neuter'''
!'''Feminine'''
!'''Masculine'''
|-
!rowspan="2"|'''Grammatical'''
|Nominative
|''cat''
| hao || kes || eldu
|-
|Accusative
|''cat''
| haōr || keser || eldūr
|-
!rowspan="6"|'''Non-Grammatical'''
|Dative
|''for/because of the cat''
| haōs || keses|| eldūs
|-
|Malefactive
|''against/opposed to the cat''
| haomo || kesme || eldumu
|-
|Adverbial
|''cattily''
| haoko || keske || elduku
|-
|Vocative
|''O Cat''
| haogho || kesghe || eldughu
|-
|Contrastive
|''as compared to the cat''
| haoto || keste || eldutu
|-
|Genitive
|''of cat/about cat/cat's''
| haōð || keseð || eldūð
|-
|}
==Oblique==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Class of Case'''
!'''Case'''
!'''English Approximation'''
!'''Neuter'''
!'''Feminine'''
!'''Masculine'''
|-
!rowspan="5"|'''Oblique'''
|Translative
|''to being a cat''
| haotos || kestes || eldutus
|-
|Exessive
|''from being a cat''
| haotoso || kestese || eldutusu
|-
|Essive
|''as being a cat/like a cat''
| haotosso || kestesse || eldutussu
|-
|Instrumental
|''by use of the cat/with cat''
| haogho || kesghe || eldughu
|-
|Prolative
|''by way of the cat''
| haolog|| kesleg || eldulug
|-
|}
==Locative==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Class of Case'''
!'''Case'''
!'''English Approximation'''
!'''Neuter'''
!'''Feminine'''
!'''Masculine'''
|-
!rowspan="9"|'''Internal Locative'''
|Inessive
|''inside the cat''
| haōlo || kesele || eldūlu
|-
|Hyperessive
|''deep inside the cat''
| haōllo || keselle || eldūllu
|-
|Illative
|''into the cat''
| haōno || kesene || eldūnu
|-
|Hyperlative
|''deep into the cat''
| haōnno || kesenne || eldūnnu
|-
|Elative
|''from inside the cat''
| haōlon || keselen || eldūlun
|-
|Hyper-elative
|''from deep inside the cat''
| haōllon || kesellen || eldūllun
|-
|Supraperlative
|''throughout the cat''
| haōpo || kesepe || eldūpu
|-
|Hyperlative
|''all throughout the cat''
| haōppo || keseppe || eldūppu
|-
|Perlative
|''through the cat''
| haopo || kespe || eldupu
|-
!rowspan="4"|'''Traversal Locative'''
|Lative
|''towards the cat, catbound''
| haofon || kesfen || eldufun
|-
|Superlative
|''onto the cat''
| haojo || kesje || elduju
|-
|Prosecutive
|''along the cat''
| haovon || kesven || elduvun
|-
|Terminative
|''until the cat (is reached)''
| haoþo || kesþe || elduþu
|-
!rowspan="4"|'''Exodal Locative'''
|Ablative
|''away from the cat''
| haodoþ || kesdeþ || elduduþ
|-
|Antessive
|''far from the cat''
| haonho || kesnhe || eldunhu
|-
|Delative
|''off/down from the cat''
| haolho || keslhe || eldulhu
|-
|Eblative
|''(sourced) from the cat''
| haovot || kesvet || elduvut
|-
!rowspan="15"|'''Relational Locative'''
|Superessive
|''on (top of) the cat''
| haoho || keshe || elduhu
|-
|Supraessive
|''above/over the cat''
| haonot || kesnet || eldunut
|-
|Comitative
|''(together) with the cat''
| haosot || kesset || eldusut
|-
|Pertingent
|''touching/adjacent to the cat''
| haomho || kesmhe || eldumhu
|-
|Apudessive
|''next to/beside the cat''
| haoðod || kesðed || elduðud
|-
|Enclosive
|''on either side of the cat''
| haoþor || kesþer || elduþur
|-
|Forbative
|''in front of the cat''
| haoþo || kesþe || elduþu
|-
|Locative
|''nearby/not far from the cat''
| haonoþ || kesneþ || eldunuþ
|-
|Bative
|''behind the cat''
| haovon || kesven || elduvun
|-
|Transversive
|''beyond the cat''
| haovoj || kesvej || elduvuj
|-
|Circumfrentive
|''surrounded by cat''
| haojor || kesjer || eldujur
|-
|Situative
|''wrapped in cat''
| haorok || kesrek || elduruk
|-
|Abessive
|''without the cat''
| haolor || kesler || eldulur
|-
|Intrative
|''between the cat''
| haocok || kescek || elducuk
|-
|Subessive
|''under the cat''
| haolom || keslem || eldulum
|}
==Temporal==
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Class of Case'''
!'''Case'''
!'''English Approximation'''
!'''Neuter'''
!'''Feminine'''
!'''Masculine'''
|-
!rowspan="5"|'''Temporal'''
|Temporal
|''at the time of the cat''
| haobo || kesbe || eldubu
|-
|Temporal-Lative
|''since the time of the cat''
| haobon || kesben || eldubun
|-
|Temporal-Hyper-Transversive
|''long after the time of the cat''
| haoboj || kesbej || eldubuj
|-
|Temporal-Terminative
|''up until the time of the cat''
| haobot || kesbet || eldubut
|-
|Temporal-Hyperbative
|''long before the time of the cat''
| haobor || kesber || eldubur
|}

Latest revision as of 22:47, 2 June 2018

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Aoli/Nouns&oldid=114088"