Weddish/Swadesh: Difference between revisions
< Weddish
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m (adding words) |
m (Category:Swadesh) |
||
(17 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
== Swadesh == | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! № !! English !! West Frisian !! Yiddish !! Cymraeg !! עברית !! Old English !! Weddish | ! № !! English !! West Frisian !! Yiddish !! Cymraeg !! עברית !! Old English !! Weddish | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 1 | ! 1 | ||
| I || ik || איך || i || אני || ic , iċċ , ih || {{C2| | | I || ik || איך || i || אני || ic , iċċ , ih || {{C2|איח|איִח}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 2 | ! 2 | ||
| thou || do , jo || דו || ti , chi || אתה , את || þū || {{ | | thou || do , jo || דו || ti , chi || אתה , את || þū || {{C2|תו|תוּ}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 3 | ! 3 | ||
Line 24: | Line 25: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 8 | ! 8 | ||
| that || dat || יענער ; דער , די , דאָס || hwnnw , honno , hynny || הוא , היא , הם || sē , sēo , þæt || {{C2| | | that || dat || יענער ; דער , די , דאָס || hwnnw , honno , hynny || הוא , היא , הם || sē , sēo , þæt || {{C2|יההן|יֵהּן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 9 | ! 9 | ||
| here || hjir || דאָ || yma || פה , כאן || hēr || {{ | | here || hjir || דאָ || yma || פה , כאן || hēr || {{term|היר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 10 | ! 10 | ||
| there || dêr || דאָרט || yna || שם || þār , þāra , þǣr , þēr || {{ | | there || dêr || דאָרט || yna || שם || þār , þāra , þǣr , þēr || {{term|יהאר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 11 | ! 11 | ||
Line 36: | Line 37: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 12 | ! 12 | ||
| what || wat || וואָס || beth || מה || hwā , hwæt || {{C2|והט| | | what || wat || וואָס || beth || מה || hwā , hwæt || {{C2|והט|וְהֲט}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 13 | ! 13 | ||
| where || wêr || וווּ || ble || איפה || hwǣr || {{ | | where || wêr || וווּ || ble || איפה || hwǣr || {{term|והיר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 14 | ! 14 | ||
| when || wannear , hoenear || ווען || pryd || מתי || hwanne , hwænne , hwenne || {{C2| | | when || wannear , hoenear || ווען || pryd || מתי || hwanne , hwænne , hwenne || {{C2|וההן|וְהֵהן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 15 | ! 15 | ||
Line 51: | Line 52: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 17 | ! 17 | ||
| all || alle , allegear || אַלע || holl , i gyd || כל || eall || {{C2|אל| | | all || alle , allegear || אַלע || holl , i gyd || כל || eall || {{C2|אל|אַּל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 18 | ! 18 | ||
| many || mannich || פֿיל , אַ סך || llawer || הרבה || maniġ ; feola , fela || {{C2| | | many || mannich || פֿיל , אַ סך || llawer || הרבה || maniġ ; feola , fela || {{C2|מאניח|מאניִח}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 19 | ! 19 | ||
Line 60: | Line 61: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 20 | ! 20 | ||
| few || min || ווייניק , ווינציק || ychydig || מעט || fēaw ; lyt || {{C2| | | few || min || ווייניק , ווינציק || ychydig || מעט || fēaw ; lyt || {{C2|מין|מיִן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 21 | ! 21 | ||
Line 66: | Line 67: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 22 | ! 22 | ||
| one || ien || איינס || un || אחת || ān || {{ | | one || ien || איינס || un || אחת || ān || {{term|אן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 23 | ! 23 | ||
| two || twa || צוויי || dau , dwy || שתיים || twēġen , twā , tū || {{ | | two || twa || צוויי || dau , dwy || שתיים || twēġen , twā , tū || {{term|טוי}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 24 | ! 24 | ||
Line 75: | Line 76: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 25 | ! 25 | ||
| four || fjouwer || פֿיר || pedwar , pedair || ארבע || fēower || {{ | | four || fjouwer || פֿיר || pedwar , pedair || ארבע || fēower || {{term|פויר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 26 | ! 26 | ||
Line 81: | Line 82: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 27 | ! 27 | ||
| big , great || grut || גרויס || mawr || גדול || grēat ; stōr || {{C2| | | big , great || grut || גרויס || mawr || גדול || grēat ; stōr || {{C2|מור}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 28 | ! 28 | ||
| long || lang || לאַנג || hir || ארוך || lang , long || {{C2| | | long || lang || לאַנג || hir || ארוך || lang , long || {{C2|שאע|שַאע}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 29 | ! 29 | ||
Line 90: | Line 91: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 30 | ! 30 | ||
| thick || dik || דיק || tew || עבה || þicce || {{C2| | | thick || dik || דיק || tew || עבה || þicce || {{C2|תיך|תּיּך}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 31 | ! 31 | ||
| heavy || swier || שווער || trwm || כבד || hefiġ , swǣr || {{C2| | | heavy || swier || שווער || trwm || כבד || hefiġ , swǣr || {{C2|חוהר|חְוֵהּר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 32 | ! 32 | ||
| small || lyts || קליין || bach || קטן || smæl || {{C2| | | small || lyts || קליין || bach || קטן || smæl || {{C2|שוט|שוּט}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 33 | ! 33 | ||
Line 102: | Line 103: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 34 | ! 34 | ||
| narrow || smel || ענג , שמאָל || cul || צר || eng ; nearu || {{C2| | | narrow || smel || ענג , שמאָל || cul || צר || eng ; nearu || {{C2|סמל|סְמָל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 35 | ! 35 | ||
| thin || tin || דין || tenau || דק || þynne || {{ | | thin || tin || דין || tenau || דק || þynne || {{term|תוין}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 36 | ! 36 | ||
Line 111: | Line 112: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 37 | ! 37 | ||
| man || man || מאַן || dyn , gŵr || גבר , איש || wer ; guma || {{C2| | | man || man || מאַן || dyn , gŵr || גבר , איש || wer ; guma || {{C2|גום|גֹּום}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 38 | ! 38 | ||
| man || minske || מענטש || dyn || אדם , בן אדם || mann || {{C2| | | man || minske || מענטש || dyn || אדם , בן אדם || mann || {{C2|מאן|מַאן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 39 | ! 39 | ||
| child || bern || קינד || plentyn || ילד || ċild ; bearn ; umbor || {{C2| | | child || bern || קינד || plentyn || ילד || ċild ; bearn ; umbor || {{C2|ברן|בַּרְן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 40 | ! 40 | ||
| wife || frou , wiif || ווײַב , פֿרוי || gwraig || אישה || wīf || {{C2| | | wife || frou , wiif || ווײַב , פֿרוי || gwraig || אישה || wīf || {{C2|והיף|וְהִיף}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 41 | ! 41 | ||
| husband || man || מאַן || gŵr || בעל || bunda , bonda , hūsbonda || {{C2| | | husband || man || מאַן || gŵr || בעל || bunda , bonda , hūsbonda || {{C2|מאן|מַאן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 42 | ! 42 | ||
Line 129: | Line 130: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 43 | ! 43 | ||
| father || heit || פֿאָטער , טאַטע || tad || אב || fæder || {{C2| | | father || heit || פֿאָטער , טאַטע || tad || אב || fæder || {{C2|פאדר|פַאדֶר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 44 | ! 44 | ||
| animal || bist || חיה || anifail , mil || חיה || dēor || {{ | | animal || bist || חיה || anifail , mil || חיה || dēor || {{term|דיר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 45 | ! 45 | ||
| fish || fisk || פֿיש || pysgodyn || דג || fisċ || {{C2| | | fish || fisk || פֿיש || pysgodyn || דג || fisċ || {{C2|פיסק|פיִסְק}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 46 | ! 46 | ||
| bird || fûgel || פֿויגל || aderyn || ציפור || fugol || {{C2| | | bird || fûgel || פֿויגל || aderyn || ציפור || fugol || {{C2|פוגל|פוּגֶּל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 47 | ! 47 | ||
| dog || hûn || הונט || ci || כלב || hund || {{C2| | | dog || hûn || הונט || ci || כלב || hund || {{C2|הונד|הוּנְד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 48 | ! 48 | ||
Line 147: | Line 148: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 49 | ! 49 | ||
| snake || slang || שלאַנג || neidr || נחש || snaca || {{C2|נוידר| | | snake || slang || שלאַנג || neidr || נחש || snaca || {{C2|נוידר|נוּיִדֶר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 50 | ! 50 | ||
| worm || wjirm || וואָרעם || abwydyn || תולעת || wyrm || {{C2| | | worm || wjirm || וואָרעם || abwydyn || תולעת || wyrm || {{C2|גורם|גּוָרְם}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 51 | ! 51 | ||
| tree || beam || בוים || coeden || עץ || trēo ; bēam || {{C2| | | tree || beam || בוים || coeden || עץ || trēo ; bēam || {{C2|בום|בֹּום}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 52 | ! 52 | ||
| forest || wâld , bosk || וואַלד || fforest || יער || weald ; fyrhþ || {{ | | forest || wâld , bosk || וואַלד || fforest || יער || weald ; fyrhþ || {{term|קיד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 53 | ! 53 | ||
| stick || stok || שטעקן || ffon || מקל || sticca || {{C2|סוכה| | | stick || stok || שטעקן || ffon || מקל || sticca || {{C2|סוכה|סוּקֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 54 | ! 54 | ||
Line 165: | Line 166: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 55 | ! 55 | ||
| seed || sied || זוימען || had || זרע || sǣd || {{ | | seed || sied || זוימען || had || זרע || sǣd || {{term|זערע}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 56 | ! 56 | ||
| leaf || blêd , loaf || בלאַט || deilen || עלה || blæd ; lēaf || {{C2| | | leaf || blêd , loaf || בלאַט || deilen || עלה || blæd ; lēaf || {{C2|בלדה|בְּלַדֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 57 | ! 57 | ||
| root || woartel || וואָרצל || gwraidd || שורש || wyrt || {{C2| | | root || woartel || וואָרצל || gwraidd || שורש || wyrt || {{C2|גורתה|גְּוָרְתֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 58 | ! 58 | ||
| bark || bast || קאָרע || rhisgl || קליפה || rind || {{C2| | | bark || bast || קאָרע || rhisgl || קליפה || rind || {{C2|ברקה|בָּרְקֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 59 | ! 59 | ||
| flower || blom || בלום || blodyn || פרח || blǣd ; blōstma || {{C2| | | flower || blom || בלום || blodyn || פרח || blǣd ; blōstma || {{C2|בלומה|בְּלַומֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 60 | ! 60 | ||
| grass || gers || גראָז || glaswellt || דשא , עשב || græs , gærs || {{ | | grass || gers || גראָז || glaswellt || דשא , עשב || græs , gærs || {{term|גרסה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 61 | ! 61 | ||
| rope || tou || שטריק , שנור || rhaff || חבל || rāp ; līne ; sāl || {{ | | rope || tou || שטריק , שנור || rhaff || חבל || rāp ; līne ; sāl || {{term|רהופה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 62 | ! 62 | ||
| skin || hûd || הויט || croen || עור || hȳd || {{ | | skin || hûd || הויט || croen || עור || hȳd || {{term|הוד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 63 | ! 63 | ||
| meat || fleis || פֿלייש || cig || בשר || flǣsċ || {{ | | meat || fleis || פֿלייש || cig || בשר || flǣsċ || {{term|פלסקה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 64 | ! 64 | ||
| blood || bloed || בלוט || gwaed || דם || blōd || {{ | | blood || bloed || בלוט || gwaed || דם || blōd || {{term|בלוד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 65 | ! 65 | ||
| bone || bonke || ביין || asgwrn || עצם || bān || {{ | | bone || bonke || ביין || asgwrn || עצם || bān || {{term|בועה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 66 | ! 66 | ||
| fat || fet || פֿעץ , שמאַלץ || braster || שומן || fǣtt || {{ | | fat || fet || פֿעץ , שמאַלץ || braster || שומן || fǣtt || {{term|חהלבה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 67 | ! 67 | ||
Line 204: | Line 205: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 68 | ! 68 | ||
| horn || hoarn || האָרן || corn || קרן || horn || {{ | | horn || hoarn || האָרן || corn || קרן || horn || {{term|קרנה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 69 | ! 69 | ||
| tail || sturt || עק || cynffon || זנב || steort ; tæġl || {{C2| | | tail || sturt || עק || cynffon || זנב || steort ; tæġl || {{C2|סהרת|סֵהּרֶת}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 70 | ! 70 | ||
| feather || fear || פֿעדער || pluen , plufyn || נוצה || feþer || {{C2| | | feather || fear || פֿעדער || pluen , plufyn || נוצה || feþer || {{C2|פהדרה|פֵהּדְרֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 71 | ! 71 | ||
| hair || hier || האָר || gwallt || שערה || hǣr , hēr || {{C2|הוירה| | | hair || hier || האָר || gwallt || שערה || hǣr , hēr || {{C2|הוירה|הויִרֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 72 | ! 72 | ||
| head || holle || קאָפּ || pen || ראש || hēafod ; hafola || {{C2| | | head || holle || קאָפּ || pen || ראש || hēafod ; hafola || {{C2|הופטה|הֹופְטֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 73 | ! 73 | ||
| ear || ear || אויער || clust || אוזן || ēare || {{C2| | | ear || ear || אויער || clust || אוזן || ēare || {{C2|איר|אָיר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 74 | ! 74 | ||
| eye || each || אויג || llygad || עין || ēage || {{C2|אג| | | eye || each || אויג || llygad || עין || ēage || {{C2|אג|אַּג}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 75 | ! 75 | ||
| nose || noas || נאָז || trwyn || אף || nosu || {{C2| | | nose || noas || נאָז || trwyn || אף || nosu || {{C2|תריל|תְריִל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 76 | ! 76 | ||
Line 237: | Line 238: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 79 | ! 79 | ||
| fingernail || fingerneil , neille || נאָגל || ewin , || ציפורן || fingernæġel || {{ | | fingernail || fingerneil , neille || נאָגל || ewin , || ציפורן || fingernæġel || {{term|פיער־נגלה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 80 | ! 80 | ||
Line 243: | Line 244: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 81 | ! 81 | ||
| leg || skonk || פֿוס || coes || רגל || sċanca || {{C2| | | leg || skonk || פֿוס || coes || רגל || sċanca || {{C2|סקהעק|סְקֵהּעְק}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 82 | ! 82 | ||
Line 249: | Line 250: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 83 | ! 83 | ||
| hand || hân || האַנט || llaw || יד || hand || {{ | | hand || hân || האַנט || llaw || יד || hand || {{term|הונד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 84 | ! 84 | ||
| wing || flerk , wjuk || פֿליגל || adain , asgell || כנף || feþera || {{ | | wing || flerk , wjuk || פֿליגל || adain , asgell || כנף || feþera || {{term|כנאף}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 85 | ! 85 | ||
| belly || búk || בויך || bol , bola || בטן || būc || {{ | | belly || búk || בויך || bol , bola || בטן || būc || {{term|בוק}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 86 | ! 86 | ||
| guts || termen || געדערעם , קישקע || perfedd , perfeddion || מעיים || þearm || {{C2| | | guts || termen || געדערעם , קישקע || perfedd , perfeddion || מעיים || þearm || {{C2|מהעה|מֵהּעה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 87 | ! 87 | ||
| neck || nekke || האַלדז || gwyddf || צוואר || heals ; hnecca || {{ | | neck || nekke || האַלדז || gwyddf || צוואר || heals ; hnecca || {{term|נההך}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 88 | ! 88 | ||
| back || rêch , tebek || פּלייצע , רוקן || cefn || גב || hryċġ ; bæc || {{ | | back || rêch , tebek || פּלייצע , רוקן || cefn || גב || hryċġ ; bæc || {{term|אחרונה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 89 | ! 89 | ||
| breast || boarst || ברוסט || bron || שד || brēost || {{C2| | | breast || boarst || ברוסט || bron || שד || brēost || {{C2|בראס|בְּרַאּס}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 90 | ! 90 | ||
| heart || hert || האַרץ || calon || לב || heorte || {{ | | heart || hert || האַרץ || calon || לב || heorte || {{term|לעב}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 91 | ! 91 | ||
| liver || lever || לעבער || afu , iafu , iau || כבד || lifer || {{ | | liver || lever || לעבער || afu , iafu , iau || כבד || lifer || {{term|כבהד}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 92 | ! 92 | ||
| to drink || drinke || טרינקעּן ( trinkeּn ) || yfed || שתה || drincan || {{ | | to drink || drinke || טרינקעּן ( trinkeּn ) || yfed || שתה || drincan || {{term|דריעקן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 93 | ! 93 | ||
| to eat || ite || עסן || bwyta || אכל || etan || {{ | | to eat || ite || עסן || bwyta || אכל || etan || {{term|אטן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 94 | ! 94 | ||
| to bite || bite || בײַסן || brathu , cnoi || נשך || bītan || {{C2| | | to bite || bite || בײַסן || brathu , cnoi || נשך || bītan || {{C2|ביטן|בִּיטֶן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 95 | ! 95 | ||
| to suck || sûchje || זויגן || sugno || מצץ || sūgan ; sūcan || | | to suck || sûchje || זויגן || sugno || מצץ || sūgan ; sūcan || {{term|סוגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 96 | ! 96 | ||
| to spit || spuie || שפּײַען || poeri || ירק || spittan ; hrǣċan || | | to spit || spuie || שפּײַען || poeri || ירק || spittan ; hrǣċan || {{term|פיון}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 97 | ! 97 | ||
| to vomit || oerjaan , kotse || ברעכן , אויסברעכן || cyfogi , chwydu || הקיא || spīwan || | | to vomit || oerjaan , kotse || ברעכן , אויסברעכן || cyfogi , chwydu || הקיא || spīwan || {{term|בלכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 98 | ! 98 | ||
| to blow || blaze || בלאָזן || chwythu || נפח || blāwan || | | to blow || blaze || בלאָזן || chwythu || נפח || blāwan || {{term|בלוזן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 99 | ! 99 | ||
| to breathe || asemje , sykhelje || אָטעמען || anadlu || נשם || ōþian , ēþian || | | to breathe || asemje , sykhelje || אָטעמען || anadlu || נשם || ōþian , ēþian || {{term|אהתמן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 100 | ! 100 | ||
| to laugh || laitsje || לאַכן || chwerthin || צחק || hliehhan || | | to laugh || laitsje || לאַכן || chwerthin || צחק || hliehhan || {{term|שאחן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 101 | ! 101 | ||
| to see || sjen || זען || gweld || ראה || sēon || | | to see || sjen || זען || gweld || ראה || sēon || {{term|סיאן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 102 | ! 102 | ||
| to hear || hearre || הערן || clywed || שמע || hīeran || | | to hear || hearre || הערן || clywed || שמע || hīeran || {{term|הורן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 103 | ! 103 | ||
| to know || witte || וויסן ; קענען || gwybod || ידע || witan ; cnāwan || | | to know || witte || וויסן ; קענען || gwybod || ידע || witan ; cnāwan || {{term|קנן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 104 | ! 104 | ||
| to think || tinke || טראַכטן ; דענקען || meddwl || חשב || þenċan || | | to think || tinke || טראַכטן ; דענקען || meddwl || חשב || þenċan || {{term|תנכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 105 | ! 105 | ||
| to smell || rûke || שמעקן || orgleuo , clywed oglau || הריח || ēþian ; stincan || | | to smell || rûke || שמעקן || orgleuo , clywed oglau || הריח || ēþian ; stincan || {{term|רהיכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 106 | ! 106 | ||
| to fear || bang wêze || מורא האָבן || ofni || פחד || andrǣdan || | | to fear || bang wêze || מורא האָבן || ofni || פחד || andrǣdan || {{term|יירה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 107 | ! 107 | ||
| to sleep || sliepe || שלאָפֿן || cysgu || ישן || slǣpan || | | to sleep || sliepe || שלאָפֿן || cysgu || ישן || slǣpan || {{term|חלפן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 108 | ! 108 | ||
| to live || libje || לעבן || byw || חי || libban , lifian || | | to live || libje || לעבן || byw || חי || libban , lifian || {{term|לבן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 109 | ! 109 | ||
| to die || stjerre , deagean || שטאַרבן || marw || מת || steorfan || | | to die || stjerre , deagean || שטאַרבן || marw || מת || steorfan || {{term|סרבנ}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 110 | ! 110 | ||
| to kill || deadzje , deadwaan , || טייטן , אומברענגען || lladd || הרג || cwellan || | | to kill || deadzje , deadwaan , || טייטן , אומברענגען || lladd || הרג || cwellan || {{term|מרדן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 111 | ! 111 | ||
| to fight || fjochtsje || קעמפֿן || brwydro || נאבק || feohtan || {{ | | to fight || fjochtsje || קעמפֿן || brwydro || נאבק || feohtan || {{term|פויתן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 112 | ! 112 | ||
| to hunt || jeie || יאָגן || hela || צד || huntian || | | to hunt || jeie || יאָגן || hela || צד || huntian || {{term|יהגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 113 | ! 113 | ||
| to hit || slaan , reitsje || שלאָגן || taro || הכה || hittan ; slēan || | | to hit || slaan , reitsje || שלאָגן || taro || הכה || hittan ; slēan || {{term|חלין}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 114 | ! 114 | ||
| to cut || snije || שנײַדן || torri || חתך || snīþan || | | to cut || snije || שנײַדן || torri || חתך || snīþan || {{term|סנידן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 115 | ! 115 | ||
| to split || splite || טיילן , שפּאַלטן || hollti || [Term?] || splātan ; clēofan || {{C2| | | to split || splite || טיילן , שפּאַלטן || hollti || [Term?] || splātan ; clēofan || {{C2|פליטן|פְּלִיטֶן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 116 | ! 116 | ||
| to stab || stekke || שטעכן || gwanu , trywanu || דקר || snǣsan ; stingan ; stician || | | to stab || stekke || שטעכן || gwanu , trywanu || דקר || snǣsan ; stingan ; stician || {{term|סכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 117 | ! 117 | ||
| to scratch || skraabje || קראַצן || crafu || שרט || sċrepan ; clifrian ; pliċġan ; clāwian || | | to scratch || skraabje || קראַצן || crafu || שרט || sċrepan ; clifrian ; pliċġan ; clāwian || {{term|קרפן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 118 | ! 118 | ||
| to dig || grave || גראָבן || cloddio , palu || חפר || grafan || | | to dig || grave || גראָבן || cloddio , palu || חפר || grafan || {{term|דיכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 119 | ! 119 | ||
| to swim || swimme || שווימען || nofio || שחה || swimman ; flēotan || | | to swim || swimme || שווימען || nofio || שחה || swimman ; flēotan || {{term|חומן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 120 | ! 120 | ||
| to fly || fleane || פֿליִען || hedfan || עף || flēogan || | | to fly || fleane || פֿליִען || hedfan || עף || flēogan || {{term|פלוגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 121 | ! 121 | ||
| to walk || rinne , kuierje || גיין || cerdded || הלך || gangan ; onsteppan || | | to walk || rinne , kuierje || גיין || cerdded || הלך || gangan ; onsteppan || {{term|גולכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 122 | ! 122 | ||
| to come || komme || קומען || dod || בא || cuman || | | to come || komme || קומען || dod || בא || cuman || {{term|קומן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 123 | ! 123 | ||
| to lie || lizze || ליגן || gorwedd || שכב || liċġan || | | to lie || lizze || ליגן || gorwedd || שכב || liċġan || {{term|שיגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 124 | ! 124 | ||
| to sit || sitte || זיצן || eistedd || ישב || sittan || | | to sit || sitte || זיצן || eistedd || ישב || sittan || {{term|סיטן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 125 | ! 125 | ||
| to stand || stean || שטיין || sefyll || עמד || standan || | | to stand || stean || שטיין || sefyll || עמד || standan || {{term|סונדן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 126 | ! 126 | ||
| to turn || draaie || דרייען || troi || [Term?] || ċierran ; hwierfan || | | to turn || draaie || דרייען || troi || [Term?] || ċierran ; hwierfan || {{term|והרבן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 127 | ! 127 | ||
| to fall || falle || פֿאַלן || cwympo || נפל || feallan || | | to fall || falle || פֿאַלן || cwympo || נפל || feallan || {{term|נפלן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 128 | ! 128 | ||
| to give || jaan || געבן || rhoi || נתן || ġiefan || | | to give || jaan || געבן || rhoi || נתן || ġiefan || {{term|גבן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 129 | ! 129 | ||
| to hold || hâlde || האַלטן || dal || החזיק || healdan || | | to hold || hâlde || האַלטן || dal || החזיק || healdan || {{term|הלדן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 130 | ! 130 | ||
| to squeeze || knipe || קוועטשן || gwasgu || לחץ || þringan ; cwȳsan || | | to squeeze || knipe || קוועטשן || gwasgu || לחץ || þringan ; cwȳsan || {{term|גוסגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 131 | ! 131 | ||
| to rub || rosse || רײַבן || rhwbio || שפשף || gnīdan || | | to rub || rosse || רײַבן || rhwbio || שפשף || gnīdan || {{term|רהובן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 132 | ! 132 | ||
| to wash || waskje || וואַשן || golchi || שטף || wasċan || | | to wash || waskje || וואַשן || golchi || שטף || wasċan || {{term|גוסקן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 133 | ! 133 | ||
| to wipe || feie || ווישן || sychu || ניגב || wīpian || | | to wipe || feie || ווישן || sychu || ניגב || wīpian || {{term|פגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 134 | ! 134 | ||
| to pull || lûke || ציִען || tynnu || משך || dragan ; pullian || | | to pull || lûke || ציִען || tynnu || משך || dragan ; pullian || {{term|שוקן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 135 | ! 135 | ||
| to push || triuwe || שטופּן || gwthio || דחף || sċūfan ; þyddan ; hrindan ; potian || | | to push || triuwe || שטופּן || gwthio || דחף || sċūfan ; þyddan ; hrindan ; potian || {{term|תרכן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 136 | ! 136 | ||
| to throw || goaie || וואַרפֿן || taflu || זרק || weorpan || | | to throw || goaie || וואַרפֿן || taflu || זרק || weorpan || {{term|תרן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 137 | ! 137 | ||
| to tie || bine || בינדן || clymu || קשר || bindan ; tīegan || | | to tie || bine || בינדן || clymu || קשר || bindan ; tīegan || {{term|בנדן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 138 | ! 138 | ||
| to sew || naaie || נייען || gwnïo || תפר || sīwian , sēowian || | | to sew || naaie || נייען || gwnïo || תפר || sīwian , sēowian || {{term|סין}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 139 | ! 139 | ||
| to count || telle || ציילן || cyfrif || ספר || tellan || | | to count || telle || ציילן || cyfrif || ספר || tellan || {{term|טלן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 140 | ! 140 | ||
| to say || sizze || זאָגן || dweud || אמר || cweþan ; seċġan || | | to say || sizze || זאָגן || dweud || אמר || cweþan ; seċġan || {{term|סגן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 141 | ! 141 | ||
| to sing || sjonge || זינגען || canu || שר || singan || | | to sing || sjonge || זינגען || canu || שר || singan || {{term|סען}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 142 | ! 142 | ||
| to play || spylje , boartsje || שפּילן || chwarae || שחק || lācan ; pleġan || | | to play || spylje , boartsje || שפּילן || chwarae || שחק || lācan ; pleġan || {{term|פלן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 143 | ! 143 | ||
| to float || driuwe || שוועבן || nofio || צף || flēotan ; flotian ; floterian || | | to float || driuwe || שוועבן || nofio || צף || flēotan ; flotian ; floterian || {{term|דריבן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 144 | ! 144 | ||
| to flow || floeie || פֿליסן , שטראָמען , לויפֿן || llifo || | | to flow || floeie || פֿליסן , שטראָמען , לויפֿן || llifo || || flōwan || {{term|פליין}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 145 | ! 145 | ||
| to freeze || frieze || פֿרירן || rhewi || קפא || frēosan || | | to freeze || frieze || פֿרירן || rhewi || קפא || frēosan || {{term|פרזן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 146 | ! 146 | ||
| to swell || swolgje || געשוואָלן ווערן || chwyddo || [Term?] || swellan || | | to swell || swolgje || געשוואָלן ווערן || chwyddo || [Term?] || swellan || {{term|חולן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 147 | ! 147 | ||
Line 483: | Line 484: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 161 | ! 161 | ||
| fog || dize || נעפּל || niwl || ערפל || mist || {{ | | fog || dize || נעפּל || niwl || ערפל || mist || {{term|ערפל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 162 | ! 162 | ||
Line 507: | Line 508: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 169 | ! 169 | ||
| to burn || bârne || ברענען || llosgi || שרף || beornan , biernan ; bærnan ; ǣlan || | | to burn || bârne || ברענען || llosgi || שרף || beornan , biernan ; bærnan ; ǣlan || {{term|בארן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 170 | ! 170 | ||
| road || dyk / wei / reed || װעג || ffordd || דרך || weġ ; pæþ || | | road || dyk / wei / reed || װעג || ffordd || דרך || weġ ; pæþ || {{term|וגה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 171 | ! 171 | ||
Line 534: | Line 535: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 178 | ! 178 | ||
| day || dei || טאָג || dydd || יום || dōgor ; dæġ || | | day || dei || טאָג || dydd || יום || dōgor ; dæġ || {{C2|דּגה|דַּגֶה}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 179 | ! 179 | ||
Line 540: | Line 541: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 180 | ! 180 | ||
| warm || waarm || וואַרעם || cynnes || חם || wearm || | | warm || waarm || וואַרעם || cynnes || חם || wearm || {{term|גורם}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 181 | ! 181 | ||
Line 546: | Line 547: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 182 | ! 182 | ||
| full || fol || פֿול || llawn || מלא || full || | | full || fol || פֿול || llawn || מלא || full || {{term|פל}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 183 | ! 183 | ||
| new || nij || נײַ || newydd || חדש || nēowe , nīwe || | | new || nij || נײַ || newydd || חדש || nēowe , nīwe || {{term|נו}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 184 | ! 184 | ||
| old || âld || אַלט || hen || ישן || gamol ; eald || | | old || âld || אַלט || hen || ישן || gamol ; eald || {{term|ישן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 185 | ! 185 | ||
| good || goed || גוט || da || טוב || gōd , til , *sēl || | | good || goed || גוט || da || טוב || gōd , til , *sēl || {{term|טוב}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 186 | ! 186 | ||
| bad || min || שלעכט || drwg || רע || yfel || | | bad || min || שלעכט || drwg || רע || yfel || {{term|דרוג}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 187 | ! 187 | ||
| rotten || ferrotte || פֿאַרפֿוילט || pwdr || רקוב || fūl || | | rotten || ferrotte || פֿאַרפֿוילט || pwdr || רקוב || fūl || {{term|רהטן}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 188 | ! 188 | ||
| dirty || smoarch || שמוציק || budr || מלוכלך || ādeliht ; sol || | | dirty || smoarch || שמוציק || budr || מלוכלך || ādeliht ; sol || {{term|סול}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 189 | ! 189 | ||
| straight || rjocht || גלײַך , גראָד || syth || ישר || ġerād ; *ġereclīċ || | | straight || rjocht || גלײַך , גראָד || syth || ישר || ġerād ; *ġereclīċ || {{term|רהית}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 190 | ! 190 | ||
| round || rûn || קײַלעכיק || crwn || עגול || hwyrflede ; seonuwealt || | | round || rûn || קײַלעכיק || crwn || עגול || hwyrflede ; seonuwealt || {{term|עגול}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 191 | ! 191 | ||
| sharp || skerp || שאַרף || miniog || חד || sċearp || | | sharp || skerp || שאַרף || miniog || חד || sċearp || {{term|סקרף}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 192 | ! 192 | ||
| dull || stomp || טעמפּ || pŵl || קהה || dol ; dwǣs || | | dull || stomp || טעמפּ || pŵl || קהה || dol ; dwǣs || {{term|סומף}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 193 | ! 193 | ||
Line 585: | Line 586: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 195 | ! 195 | ||
| dry || droech || טרוקן , פֿאַרטריקנט || sych || יבש || sēar ; drȳġe || | | dry || droech || טרוקן , פֿאַרטריקנט || sych || יבש || sēar ; drȳġe || {{term|יבש}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 196 | ! 196 | ||
| correct || korrekt || ריכטיק || cywir || נכון || riht || | | correct || korrekt || ריכטיק || cywir || נכון || riht || {{term|רהית}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 197 | ! 197 | ||
| near || tichteby || בײַ , נאָענט || agos || קרוב || nēah || | | near || tichteby || בײַ , נאָענט || agos || קרוב || nēah || {{term|תית}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 198 | ! 198 | ||
| far || fier || ווײַט || pell || רחוק || wīd ; feor || | | far || fier || ווײַט || pell || רחוק || wīd ; feor || {{term|פר}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 199 | ! 199 | ||
Line 603: | Line 604: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 201 | ! 201 | ||
| at || iet || בײַ , אויף || yn || ב־ || on ; æt || | | at || iet || בײַ , אויף || yn || ב־ || on ; æt || {{term|אט}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 202 | ! 202 | ||
Line 612: | Line 613: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 204 | ! 204 | ||
| and || en || און || a || ו־ || and || {{ | | and || en || און || a || ו־ || and || {{term|ו}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 205 | ! 205 | ||
| if || at || אויב , באם , טאָמער || os , pe || אם || ġif || | | if || at || אויב , באם , טאָמער || os , pe || אם || ġif || {{term|גף}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 206 | ! 206 | ||
| because || omdat || ווײַל , צוליב || achos , oherwydd || כי , בגלל || forþon || | | because || omdat || ווײַל , צוליב || achos , oherwydd || כי , בגלל || forþon || {{term|כי}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! 207 | ! 207 | ||
| name || namme || נאָמען || enw || שם || nama || {{ | | name || namme || נאָמען || enw || שם || nama || {{term|נמה}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Sophomore List == | |||
Mark Rosenfelder, in his ''Language Construction Kit'', has a list that comes after Swadesh, which he calls his "Sophomore List" | |||
=== Adjectives === | |||
; Numbers : zero; half; quarter; 6 ; 7 ; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 60 | |||
; Colors : blue, brown, dark, light | |||
==== Opposites ==== | |||
* beautiful; ugly | |||
* fast, slow | |||
* first, last | |||
* hard, soft | |||
* full, empty | |||
* smart, stupid | |||
* real, fake | |||
* upper, lower | |||
* expensive, cheap | |||
* sweet, sour | |||
* strong, weak | |||
* different, same | |||
; Swadesh forgot : young, hot, clean, wrong, rough, crooked | |||
; Emotions : glad, happy, sad, tired, angry, crazy | |||
; Character : careful, lucky, smart, wise, foolish, healthy, sick | |||
; Value : important, interesting, boring, wonderful, strange | |||
; Abstractions : funny, easy, difficult, alone, free, normal, special, probable, secret | |||
=== Nouns === | |||
; Natural substances : air, glass, iron, gold, silver | |||
; Territory : nature, world, land | |||
; Time: week, month, yesterday, today, tomorrow, morning, afternoon | |||
; Season : spring, summer, fall, winter | |||
; Geographical : hill, farm, field, island | |||
; Body Parts : body, lip, breast, butt, muscle, brain | |||
; Animals : cat, cow, chicken, horse, pig, mouse, monkey, lion, bug, wolf | |||
; Plants : grain, bread, branch | |||
; People : girl, boy, girlfriend, boyfriend, friend, baby | |||
; Family : family, sister, brother, son, daughter | |||
; Hierarchy : king, boss, leader, servant | |||
; Religion : god, devil, temple, holy, evil, soul, sin | |||
; Settlement : city, street, tavern | |||
; Houses : house, room, wall, window, door | |||
; Furniture : table, chair, bed, corner | |||
; School : school, university, class, lesson, teacher, test | |||
; Dining : food, lunch, dinner, wine, milk | |||
; Clothing : clothes, pants, dress, shoe, hat | |||
; Technology : machine, tool, boat, clock, key, net, wagon, wheel, wire | |||
; Containers : box, bag, bottle, cup, plate, knife | |||
; Avocations : music, art, science, vacation, picture, game | |||
; Language : language; word, book, pen, paper, page | |||
; Abstract : idea, message, story, symbol, example | |||
; Analysis : system , list, event, reason, fact, space, time, map | |||
; Money : money, price, worth, debt, shop | |||
; Respect : honor, shame | |||
; Politics : war, peace, sword, government, law, council, tax, prison, minister | |||
=== Verbs === | |||
; Life and Death : be seem born | |||
; Everyday : work, wake, dream, cook, use, grow | |||
; Writing : write, read, translate, create, study, learn, copy | |||
; Affection : love, hate, like, care, want, wish, marry | |||
; Knowledge : understand, believe, doubt, expect, remember, forget | |||
; Emotions : hope, worry, regret, surprise | |||
; Modals : can, must, should | |||
; Aspect : begin, finish, intend to do, habitually do | |||
; Abstractions : cause, mean, measure, place | |||
; Shapes : square, circle, line, edge, side | |||
: Perceptions : touch, taste | |||
; Speech Acts : answer, ask, thank, greet, lie, joke, call, offer, choose | |||
; Movements : leave, go, follow, hide, run, roll | |||
; Bodily : dance, kiss, smile, cry, point | |||
; Conflict : annoy, hurt, crime, destroy, trick | |||
; Society : allow, meet, help | |||
; Manipulations : put, take, have, build, fold, add | |||
; Acquisitions : buy, sell, need, get, lose, search, find, trade, keep | |||
; Containers : open, close, cover | |||
=== Grammar === | |||
; Conjunctions : but or though until | |||
; Prepositions : toward, for, without, against, on, about behind across over under | |||
; Adverbs : perhaps, indeed, thus | |||
; Time : now, then, again, next | |||
; Degree : very, too, enough | |||
=== Courtesy === | |||
please, thank you, you're welcome, welcome to, hello, goodbye, yes, no | |||
=== Modern === | |||
; Air : airport, airplane | |||
; Cars : car, bus, license, gas station, motor, taxi, truck, gasoline | |||
; Other : bicycle, railroad, train station, subway, spaceship | |||
; Computer : computer, disc, chip, CPU | |||
; Accessories : DVD, hard drive, keyboard, mouse, monitor | |||
; Programs : program, game, word processor, compiler | |||
; Internet : internet, email, web, website, download, browser, blog, post, flame, lurker, newb, chat | |||
; Disciplines : physics, chemistry, biology, electricity, magneticism, mathematics | |||
; Physics : atom, molecule, energy, nuclear, particle, photon, proton, neutron | |||
; Biology : cell, evolution, gene | |||
; Substance : plastic | |||
; Appliance : stove, sink, dishwasher, refrigerator, washer, dryer, furnace, AC | |||
; Film : camera, film, photo, movie/video, animation, theater | |||
; Recording : CD, record, tape, stereo | |||
; Weaponry : gun, rifle, tank, infantry, cavalry, artillery, bomb | |||
; Office : copier, typewriter, scanner | |||
; Media : newspaper, magazine, telephone, television, radio, comic | |||
; Other : elevator, laser, light bulb, watch | |||
; Measures : pound, foot, mile, ounce, cup, gram, kg, meter, km, ml, l | |||
; Lifestyle : lifestyle, ATM, suburb | |||
; Jobs : secretary, babysitter, bureaucrat, manager | |||
; Education : college, degree, masters, Ph.D | |||
; Economy : economy, banknote, credit card, dollar, euro, expenses, income, inflation, standard of living, unemployed, union, welfare, yen, yuan, won, taxes | |||
; Avocations : chess, rock, soccer, cigarette, drugs | |||
; Clothing : bikini, bra, jeans, T-shirt, lipstick | |||
; Health : AIDS/HIV, allergy, addict, antibiotics, bacteria, vaccine, virus, vitamin | |||
; Food : candy, hamburger, hot dog, pizza, sushi, taco, tofu, tomato | |||
; Belief : communism, socialism, fascism, republic, democracy, Green, human rights, liberal, conservative | |||
; Position : president, prime minister, representative, parliament, council, dictator, party | |||
; Religions : Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism | |||
=== Place Names === | |||
''These are for place names, not the words themselves'' | |||
==== Geography ==== | |||
; Plains : plain, savannah, meadow - [[מוידה]], field, prairie | |||
; Forest : forest, woods, grove, copse | |||
; Hills: hill - [[אשטה]], down, mountain, range, plateau, crest, peak | |||
; Valley : valley, canyon, cliff | |||
; Harsh : marsh, swamp, desert, wilderness, jungle | |||
; Rivers : river - [[אבון]], stream, brook, channel, rapids, portage, source – [[בלינה]] (headwaters), confluence, delta - [[אברה]], bank, waterfall, spring | |||
; Lake : lake, pond | |||
; Sea : sea, ocean, bay, strait | |||
; Coastline : coast, beach, peninsula, cape, point | |||
; Island : island, archipelago, atoll | |||
; Local : rock, tree, bridge, ford, dam, park, oasis | |||
; Tree : aspen, birch, cedar, elm, oak, palm, pine, willow | |||
==== Human ==== | |||
; Settlements : city, town, village, colony, port, market, capital | |||
; Military : fort - [[קירה]], castle, wall, camp | |||
; Religion : shrine, oracle, temple, church, chapel - [[בדהוסה]], monastery | |||
; Other : mine, inn, stopping-point, post, lodge, mill, house | |||
; Road : road, highway, trail, way | |||
==== Adjectives ==== | |||
; Age: new, old | |||
; Shapes : round, flat, wide, narrow, high, low | |||
; Locations : central, upper, lower, near, far | |||
; Directions : north, south, east, west | |||
; Respect : great, grand, glorious, noble, holy, royal | |||
; Salesmanship : fertile, beautiful, lucky, pleasant, quiet, gold, silver, jewel | |||
; Descriptive : windy, stinky | |||
; Color : white - [[והית]] , black - [[חורת]] , green - [[גרון]] , yellow - [[גל]] , blue - [[בלו]] , red - [[רהוד]] , orange - [[אורנג]] , brown - [[ברון]] | |||
; Water : fast, slow, clear, muddy, noisy, laughing, reedy | |||
; Animals : horse, ox, lion, fox, deer, panther, hawk, eagle, dragon, ram | |||
== Leipzig-Jakarta == | |||
{{Leipzig-Jakarta | |||
|language1=Weddish | |||
|language2=TBA | |||
|language3=TBA | |||
|link1=Weddish | |||
|link2= | |||
|link3= | |||
|fire1=פיר | |||
|fire2= | |||
|fire3= | |||
|nose1=תריל | |||
|nose2= | |||
|nose3= | |||
|go1=גון | |||
|go2= | |||
|go3= | |||
|water1=גורטר | |||
|water2= | |||
|water3= | |||
|mouth1=מות | |||
|mouth2= | |||
|mouth3= | |||
|tongue1=טע | |||
|tongue2= | |||
|tongue3= | |||
|blood1=בלוד | |||
|blood2= | |||
|blood3= | |||
|bone1=בועה | |||
|bone2= | |||
|bone3= | |||
|you1=תו | |||
|you2= | |||
|you3= | |||
|root1=גורתה | |||
|root2= | |||
|root3= | |||
|come1=קמן | |||
|come2= | |||
|come3= | |||
|breast1=ברס | |||
|breast2= | |||
|breast3= | |||
|rain1=רהע | |||
|rain2= | |||
|rain3= | |||
|I1=אח | |||
|I2= | |||
|I3= | |||
|name1=נומה | |||
|name2= | |||
|name3= | |||
|louse1=שו | |||
|louse2= | |||
|louse3= | |||
|wing1=כנף | |||
|wing2= | |||
|wing3= | |||
|flesh1=פלסקה | |||
|flesh2=בשרה | |||
|flesh3= | |||
|hand1=הון | |||
|hand2= | |||
|hand3= | |||
|fly1=פלוגן | |||
|fly2= | |||
|fly3= | |||
|night1=ניתה | |||
|night2= | |||
|night3= | |||
|ear1=איר | |||
|ear2= | |||
|ear3= | |||
|neck1=נהך | |||
|neck2= | |||
|neck3= | |||
|far1=פר | |||
|far2= | |||
|far3= | |||
|do1=מכן | |||
|do2= | |||
|do3= | |||
|house1=הוסה | |||
|house2= | |||
|house3= | |||
|stone1=סונה | |||
|stone2= | |||
|stone3= | |||
|bitter1=בטר | |||
|bitter2= | |||
|bitter3= | |||
|say1=סגן | |||
|say2= | |||
|say3= | |||
|tooth1=טות | |||
|tooth2= | |||
|tooth3= | |||
|hair1=הוירה | |||
|hair2= | |||
|hair3= | |||
|big1=מור | |||
|big2= | |||
|big3= | |||
|one1=אן | |||
|one2= | |||
|one3= | |||
|who1=והא | |||
|who2= | |||
|who3= | |||
|it1=איט | |||
|it2= | |||
|it3= | |||
|hit1= | |||
|hit2= | |||
|hit3= | |||
|foot1=פוט | |||
|foot2= | |||
|foot3= | |||
|horn1=הרנה | |||
|horn2= | |||
|horn3= | |||
|this1= | |||
|this2= | |||
|this3= | |||
|fish1=פסק | |||
|fish2= | |||
|fish3= | |||
|yesterday1=גסר | |||
|yesterday2= | |||
|yesterday3= | |||
|drink1=דרעכן | |||
|drink2= | |||
|drink3= | |||
|black1=חורת | |||
|black2= | |||
|black3= | |||
|navel1=טבורה | |||
|navel2= | |||
|navel3= | |||
|stand1=סונדן | |||
|stand2= | |||
|stand3= | |||
|bite1=ביטן | |||
|bite2= | |||
|bite3= | |||
|back1= | |||
|back2= | |||
|back3= | |||
|wind1=רוח | |||
|wind2= | |||
|wind3= | |||
|smoke1=רוחן | |||
|smoke2= | |||
|smoke3= | |||
|what1=והט | |||
|what2= | |||
|what3= | |||
|child1=ברן | |||
|child2= | |||
|child3= | |||
|egg1=וגה | |||
|egg2= | |||
|egg3= | |||
|give1= | |||
|give2= | |||
|give3= | |||
|new1= | |||
|new2= | |||
|new3= | |||
|burn1= | |||
|burn2= | |||
|burn3= | |||
|not1= | |||
|not2= | |||
|not3= | |||
|good1= | |||
|good2= | |||
|good3= | |||
|know1= | |||
|know2= | |||
|know3= | |||
|knee1= | |||
|knee2= | |||
|knee3= | |||
|sand1= | |||
|sand2= | |||
|sand3= | |||
|laugh1=שחן | |||
|laugh2= | |||
|laugh3= | |||
|hear1= | |||
|hear2= | |||
|hear3= | |||
|soil1= | |||
|soil2= | |||
|soil3= | |||
|leaf1= | |||
|leaf2= | |||
|leaf3= | |||
|red1= | |||
|red2= | |||
|red3= | |||
|liver1=כבדה | |||
|liver2= | |||
|liver3= | |||
|hide1= | |||
|hide2= | |||
|hide3= | |||
|skin1= | |||
|skin2= | |||
|skin3= | |||
|suck1= | |||
|suck2= | |||
|suck3= | |||
|carry1= | |||
|carry2= | |||
|carry3= | |||
|ant1=נמה | |||
|ant2= | |||
|ant3= | |||
|heavy1= | |||
|heavy2= | |||
|heavy3= | |||
|take1= | |||
|take2= | |||
|take3= | |||
|old1= | |||
|old2= | |||
|old3= | |||
|eat1= | |||
|eat2= | |||
|eat3= | |||
|thigh1=תחה | |||
|thigh2= | |||
|thigh3= | |||
|thick1=תק | |||
|thick2= | |||
|thick3= | |||
|long1= | |||
|long2= | |||
|long3= | |||
|blow1= | |||
|blow2= | |||
|blow3= | |||
|wood1= | |||
|wood2= | |||
|wood3= | |||
|run1= | |||
|run2= | |||
|run3= | |||
|fall1= | |||
|fall2= | |||
|fall3= | |||
|eye1=אג | |||
|eye2= | |||
|eye3= | |||
|ash1=אסקה | |||
|ash2= | |||
|ash3= | |||
|tail1=סרת | |||
|tail2= | |||
|tail3= | |||
|dog1=הון | |||
|dog2= | |||
|dog3= | |||
|cry1= | |||
|cry2= | |||
|cry3= | |||
|tie1= | |||
|tie2= | |||
|tie3= | |||
|see1= | |||
|see2= | |||
|see3= | |||
|sweet1= | |||
|sweet2= | |||
|sweet3= | |||
|rope1= | |||
|rope2= | |||
|rope3= | |||
|shadow1= | |||
|shadow2= | |||
|shadow3= | |||
|bird1= | |||
|bird2= | |||
|bird3= | |||
|salt1=מלחה | |||
|salt2= | |||
|salt3= | |||
|small1= | |||
|small2= | |||
|small3= | |||
|wide1= | |||
|wide2= | |||
|wide3= | |||
|star1=סרה | |||
|star2= | |||
|star3= | |||
|in1= | |||
|in2= | |||
|in3= | |||
|hard1= | |||
|hard2= | |||
|hard3= | |||
|crush1= | |||
|crush2= | |||
|crush3= | |||
}} | |||
{{Aquatiki}} | |||
[[Category:Weddish]] | [[Category:Weddish]] | ||
[[Category:Swadesh lists]] | |||
[[Category:Swadesh]] | [[Category:Swadesh]] |
Latest revision as of 14:58, 23 August 2024
Swadesh
№ | English | West Frisian | Yiddish | Cymraeg | עברית | Old English | Weddish |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I | ik | איך | i | אני | ic , iċċ , ih | איִח |
2 | thou | do , jo | דו | ti , chi | אתה , את | þū | תוּ |
3 | he | hy , er | ער | o | הוא | hē | אֵי |
4 | we | wy | מיר | ni | אנחנו | wē | וִי |
5 | you | jimme , me | איר | chi | אתם | ġē | יְהִי |
6 | they | sy , hja | זיי | nhw | הם | hīe | יְהַא |
7 | this | dit , dizze | דער , די , דאָס | hwn , hon , hyn | זה , זאת , אלה | þēs , þēos , þis | דֵה |
8 | that | dat | יענער ; דער , די , דאָס | hwnnw , honno , hynny | הוא , היא , הם | sē , sēo , þæt | יֵהּן |
9 | here | hjir | דאָ | yma | פה , כאן | hēr | היר |
10 | there | dêr | דאָרט | yna | שם | þār , þāra , þǣr , þēr | יהאר |
11 | who | wa | ווער | pwy | מי | hwā | וְהַא |
12 | what | wat | וואָס | beth | מה | hwā , hwæt | וְהֲט |
13 | where | wêr | וווּ | ble | איפה | hwǣr | והיר |
14 | when | wannear , hoenear | ווען | pryd | מתי | hwanne , hwænne , hwenne | וְהֵהן |
15 | how | hoe | ווי | sut | איך | hū | וְהֹו |
16 | not | net | ניט , נישט | dim | לא , אין | ne | נִט |
17 | all | alle , allegear | אַלע | holl , i gyd | כל | eall | אַּל |
18 | many | mannich | פֿיל , אַ סך | llawer | הרבה | maniġ ; feola , fela | מאניִח |
19 | some | sommige , guon | עטלעכע | rhai | כמה , קצת | sum | סֹום |
20 | few | min | ווייניק , ווינציק | ychydig | מעט | fēaw ; lyt | מיִן |
21 | other | oare | אַנדער | arall | אחר | ōþer | אַודֶר |
22 | one | ien | איינס | un | אחת | ān | אן |
23 | two | twa | צוויי | dau , dwy | שתיים | twēġen , twā , tū | טוי |
24 | three | trije | דרײַ | tri , tair | שלוש | þrīe , þrēo | תְרִי |
25 | four | fjouwer | פֿיר | pedwar , pedair | ארבע | fēower | פויר |
26 | five | fiif | פֿינף | pump | חמש | fīf | פִיף |
27 | big , great | grut | גרויס | mawr | גדול | grēat ; stōr | [[Contionary:מור|]] |
28 | long | lang | לאַנג | hir | ארוך | lang , long | שַאע |
29 | wide | breed , wiid | ברייט | llydan | רחב | wīd ; brād | וִיד |
30 | thick | dik | דיק | tew | עבה | þicce | תּיּך |
31 | heavy | swier | שווער | trwm | כבד | hefiġ , swǣr | חְוֵהּר |
32 | small | lyts | קליין | bach | קטן | smæl | שוּט |
33 | short | koart | קורץ | byr , ber , byrion , | קצר | sċort , sċeort | קֹורְת |
34 | narrow | smel | ענג , שמאָל | cul | צר | eng ; nearu | סְמָל |
35 | thin | tin | דין | tenau | דק | þynne | תוין |
36 | woman | frou | פֿרוי | benyw , dynes | אישה | ides ; cwēn ; wīfmann | פְרֹו |
37 | man | man | מאַן | dyn , gŵr | גבר , איש | wer ; guma | גֹּום |
38 | man | minske | מענטש | dyn | אדם , בן אדם | mann | מַאן |
39 | child | bern | קינד | plentyn | ילד | ċild ; bearn ; umbor | בַּרְן |
40 | wife | frou , wiif | ווײַב , פֿרוי | gwraig | אישה | wīf | וְהִיף |
41 | husband | man | מאַן | gŵr | בעל | bunda , bonda , hūsbonda | מַאן |
42 | mother | mem | מוטער , מאַמע | mam | אם | mōdor | מֹודֶר |
43 | father | heit | פֿאָטער , טאַטע | tad | אב | fæder | פַאדֶר |
44 | animal | bist | חיה | anifail , mil | חיה | dēor | דיר |
45 | fish | fisk | פֿיש | pysgodyn | דג | fisċ | פיִסְק |
46 | bird | fûgel | פֿויגל | aderyn | ציפור | fugol | פוּגֶּל |
47 | dog | hûn | הונט | ci | כלב | hund | הוּנְד |
48 | louse | lús , biter | לויז | lleuen | כינה | lūs | שַו |
49 | snake | slang | שלאַנג | neidr | נחש | snaca | נוּיִדֶר |
50 | worm | wjirm | וואָרעם | abwydyn | תולעת | wyrm | גּוָרְם |
51 | tree | beam | בוים | coeden | עץ | trēo ; bēam | בֹּום |
52 | forest | wâld , bosk | וואַלד | fforest | יער | weald ; fyrhþ | קיד |
53 | stick | stok | שטעקן | ffon | מקל | sticca | סוּקֶה |
54 | fruit | fruit , frucht | פֿרוכט | ffrwyth | פרי | wæstm ; blǣd ; ofett | פְרוית |
55 | seed | sied | זוימען | had | זרע | sǣd | זערע |
56 | leaf | blêd , loaf | בלאַט | deilen | עלה | blæd ; lēaf | בְּלַדֶה |
57 | root | woartel | וואָרצל | gwraidd | שורש | wyrt | גְּוָרְתֶה |
58 | bark | bast | קאָרע | rhisgl | קליפה | rind | בָּרְקֶה |
59 | flower | blom | בלום | blodyn | פרח | blǣd ; blōstma | בְּלַומֶה |
60 | grass | gers | גראָז | glaswellt | דשא , עשב | græs , gærs | גרסה |
61 | rope | tou | שטריק , שנור | rhaff | חבל | rāp ; līne ; sāl | רהופה |
62 | skin | hûd | הויט | croen | עור | hȳd | הוד |
63 | meat | fleis | פֿלייש | cig | בשר | flǣsċ | פלסקה |
64 | blood | bloed | בלוט | gwaed | דם | blōd | בלוד |
65 | bone | bonke | ביין | asgwrn | עצם | bān | בועה |
66 | fat | fet | פֿעץ , שמאַלץ | braster | שומן | fǣtt | חהלבה |
67 | egg | aai | איי | wy | ביצה | ǣġ | וּגֶה |
68 | horn | hoarn | האָרן | corn | קרן | horn | קרנה |
69 | tail | sturt | עק | cynffon | זנב | steort ; tæġl | סֵהּרֶת |
70 | feather | fear | פֿעדער | pluen , plufyn | נוצה | feþer | פֵהּדְרֶה |
71 | hair | hier | האָר | gwallt | שערה | hǣr , hēr | הויִרֶה |
72 | head | holle | קאָפּ | pen | ראש | hēafod ; hafola | הֹופְטֶה |
73 | ear | ear | אויער | clust | אוזן | ēare | אָיר |
74 | eye | each | אויג | llygad | עין | ēage | אַּג |
75 | nose | noas | נאָז | trwyn | אף | nosu | תְריִל |
76 | mouth | mûle | מויל | ceg | פה | mūþ | מוּת |
77 | tooth | tosk | צאָן | dant | שן | tōþ | טַות |
78 | tongue | tonge | צונג | tafod | לשון | tunge | טֻע |
79 | fingernail | fingerneil , neille | נאָגל | ewin , | ציפורן | fingernæġel | פיער־נגלה |
80 | foot | foet | פֿוס | troed , | רגל | fōt | פַוט |
81 | leg | skonk | פֿוס | coes | רגל | sċanca | סְקֵהּעְק |
82 | knee | knibbel | קני | glin , pen-glin , pen-lin | ברך | cnēo | עְהֵו |
83 | hand | hân | האַנט | llaw | יד | hand | הונד |
84 | wing | flerk , wjuk | פֿליגל | adain , asgell | כנף | feþera | כנאף |
85 | belly | búk | בויך | bol , bola | בטן | būc | בוק |
86 | guts | termen | געדערעם , קישקע | perfedd , perfeddion | מעיים | þearm | מֵהּעה |
87 | neck | nekke | האַלדז | gwyddf | צוואר | heals ; hnecca | נההך |
88 | back | rêch , tebek | פּלייצע , רוקן | cefn | גב | hryċġ ; bæc | אחרונה |
89 | breast | boarst | ברוסט | bron | שד | brēost | בְּרַאּס |
90 | heart | hert | האַרץ | calon | לב | heorte | לעב |
91 | liver | lever | לעבער | afu , iafu , iau | כבד | lifer | כבהד |
92 | to drink | drinke | טרינקעּן ( trinkeּn ) | yfed | שתה | drincan | דריעקן |
93 | to eat | ite | עסן | bwyta | אכל | etan | אטן |
94 | to bite | bite | בײַסן | brathu , cnoi | נשך | bītan | בִּיטֶן |
95 | to suck | sûchje | זויגן | sugno | מצץ | sūgan ; sūcan | סוגן |
96 | to spit | spuie | שפּײַען | poeri | ירק | spittan ; hrǣċan | פיון |
97 | to vomit | oerjaan , kotse | ברעכן , אויסברעכן | cyfogi , chwydu | הקיא | spīwan | בלכן |
98 | to blow | blaze | בלאָזן | chwythu | נפח | blāwan | בלוזן |
99 | to breathe | asemje , sykhelje | אָטעמען | anadlu | נשם | ōþian , ēþian | אהתמן |
100 | to laugh | laitsje | לאַכן | chwerthin | צחק | hliehhan | שאחן |
101 | to see | sjen | זען | gweld | ראה | sēon | סיאן |
102 | to hear | hearre | הערן | clywed | שמע | hīeran | הורן |
103 | to know | witte | וויסן ; קענען | gwybod | ידע | witan ; cnāwan | קנן |
104 | to think | tinke | טראַכטן ; דענקען | meddwl | חשב | þenċan | תנכן |
105 | to smell | rûke | שמעקן | orgleuo , clywed oglau | הריח | ēþian ; stincan | רהיכן |
106 | to fear | bang wêze | מורא האָבן | ofni | פחד | andrǣdan | יירה |
107 | to sleep | sliepe | שלאָפֿן | cysgu | ישן | slǣpan | חלפן |
108 | to live | libje | לעבן | byw | חי | libban , lifian | לבן |
109 | to die | stjerre , deagean | שטאַרבן | marw | מת | steorfan | סרבנ |
110 | to kill | deadzje , deadwaan , | טייטן , אומברענגען | lladd | הרג | cwellan | מרדן |
111 | to fight | fjochtsje | קעמפֿן | brwydro | נאבק | feohtan | פויתן |
112 | to hunt | jeie | יאָגן | hela | צד | huntian | יהגן |
113 | to hit | slaan , reitsje | שלאָגן | taro | הכה | hittan ; slēan | חלין |
114 | to cut | snije | שנײַדן | torri | חתך | snīþan | סנידן |
115 | to split | splite | טיילן , שפּאַלטן | hollti | [Term?] | splātan ; clēofan | פְּלִיטֶן |
116 | to stab | stekke | שטעכן | gwanu , trywanu | דקר | snǣsan ; stingan ; stician | סכן |
117 | to scratch | skraabje | קראַצן | crafu | שרט | sċrepan ; clifrian ; pliċġan ; clāwian | קרפן |
118 | to dig | grave | גראָבן | cloddio , palu | חפר | grafan | דיכן |
119 | to swim | swimme | שווימען | nofio | שחה | swimman ; flēotan | חומן |
120 | to fly | fleane | פֿליִען | hedfan | עף | flēogan | פלוגן |
121 | to walk | rinne , kuierje | גיין | cerdded | הלך | gangan ; onsteppan | גולכן |
122 | to come | komme | קומען | dod | בא | cuman | קומן |
123 | to lie | lizze | ליגן | gorwedd | שכב | liċġan | שיגן |
124 | to sit | sitte | זיצן | eistedd | ישב | sittan | סיטן |
125 | to stand | stean | שטיין | sefyll | עמד | standan | סונדן |
126 | to turn | draaie | דרייען | troi | [Term?] | ċierran ; hwierfan | והרבן |
127 | to fall | falle | פֿאַלן | cwympo | נפל | feallan | נפלן |
128 | to give | jaan | געבן | rhoi | נתן | ġiefan | גבן |
129 | to hold | hâlde | האַלטן | dal | החזיק | healdan | הלדן |
130 | to squeeze | knipe | קוועטשן | gwasgu | לחץ | þringan ; cwȳsan | גוסגן |
131 | to rub | rosse | רײַבן | rhwbio | שפשף | gnīdan | רהובן |
132 | to wash | waskje | וואַשן | golchi | שטף | wasċan | גוסקן |
133 | to wipe | feie | ווישן | sychu | ניגב | wīpian | פגן |
134 | to pull | lûke | ציִען | tynnu | משך | dragan ; pullian | שוקן |
135 | to push | triuwe | שטופּן | gwthio | דחף | sċūfan ; þyddan ; hrindan ; potian | תרכן |
136 | to throw | goaie | וואַרפֿן | taflu | זרק | weorpan | תרן |
137 | to tie | bine | בינדן | clymu | קשר | bindan ; tīegan | בנדן |
138 | to sew | naaie | נייען | gwnïo | תפר | sīwian , sēowian | סין |
139 | to count | telle | ציילן | cyfrif | ספר | tellan | טלן |
140 | to say | sizze | זאָגן | dweud | אמר | cweþan ; seċġan | סגן |
141 | to sing | sjonge | זינגען | canu | שר | singan | סען |
142 | to play | spylje , boartsje | שפּילן | chwarae | שחק | lācan ; pleġan | פלן |
143 | to float | driuwe | שוועבן | nofio | צף | flēotan ; flotian ; floterian | דריבן |
144 | to flow | floeie | פֿליסן , שטראָמען , לויפֿן | llifo | flōwan | פליין | |
145 | to freeze | frieze | פֿרירן | rhewi | קפא | frēosan | פרזן |
146 | to swell | swolgje | געשוואָלן ווערן | chwyddo | [Term?] | swellan | חולן |
147 | sun | sinne | זון | haul , haun | שמש | sōl ; sunne | שֶמֶש |
148 | moon | moanne | לבֿנה | lleuad , lloer | ירח | mōna | מַון |
149 | star | stjer | שטערן | seren | כוכב | steorra ; tungol | כֹּוכַב מֲזַל |
150 | water | wetter | וואַסער | dŵr | מים | wæter | גְּוָרטֶר |
151 | rain | rein | רעגן | glaw | גשם | reġn | רְהֵע |
152 | river | rivier | טײַך | afon | נהר | ēa ; flōd ; strēam | אַבָן |
153 | lake | mar | אָזערע | llyn | אגם | mere ; lacu | שִן |
154 | sea | see | ים | môr | ים | sǣ , mere , lagu , brim , hæf , ġeofon | יָמֶה |
155 | salt | sâlt | זאַלץ | halen | מלח | sealt | מֶלַח |
156 | stone | stien | שטיין | carreg | אבן | stān | קַרֶגּ |
157 | sand | sân | זאַמד | tywod | חול | sand | חוּל |
158 | dust | stof | שטויב | llwch | אבק | dūst ; dust | עֲפַר |
159 | earth | ierde , | ערד | tir | ארץ | eorþe | אֵרְתֶה |
160 | cloud | wolk | וואָלקן | cwmwl | ענן | wolcen | גְּוָלְכֶן |
161 | fog | dize | נעפּל | niwl | ערפל | mist | ערפל |
162 | sky | loft | הימל | awyr | שמים | rodor ; lyft | הִמֶל |
163 | wind | wyn | ווינט | awel , gwynt | רוח | wind | רוּחַ |
164 | snow | snie | שניי | eira | שלג | snāw | סְנֵו |
165 | ice | iis | אײַז | iâ , rhew | קרח | īs | אִיסֶה |
166 | smoke | reek | רויך | mwg | עשן | rēc ; smoca | רוּחֶן |
167 | fire | fjoer | פֿײַער | tân | אש | fȳr | פְיָר |
168 | ash | jiske | אַש | lludw | אפר | æsċ | אַסְקֶה |
169 | to burn | bârne | ברענען | llosgi | שרף | beornan , biernan ; bærnan ; ǣlan | בארן |
170 | road | dyk / wei / reed | װעג | ffordd | דרך | weġ ; pæþ | וגה |
171 | mountain | berch | באַרג | mynydd | הר | beorg | מִנִדֶה |
172 | red | read | רויט | coch | אדום | rēad | רְהֹוד |
173 | green | grien | גרין | gwyrdd | ירוק | grēne | גְּרוּן |
174 | yellow | giel | געל | melen , melyn | צהוב | ġeolu | גֵל |
175 | white | wyt | ווײַס | gwen , gwyn | לבן | hwīt | וְהִית |
176 | black | swart | שוואַרץ | du | שחור | sweart ; blæc | חְוַרְת |
177 | night | nacht | נאַכט | nos | לילה | neaht , niht | נַיתֶה |
178 | day | dei | טאָג | dydd | יום | dōgor ; dæġ | דַּגֶה |
179 | year | jier | יאָר | blwyddyn | שנה | ġēar | גוירֶה |
180 | warm | waarm | וואַרעם | cynnes | חם | wearm | גורם |
181 | cold | kâld | קאַלט | oer | קר | ċeald | כַלְד |
182 | full | fol | פֿול | llawn | מלא | full | פל |
183 | new | nij | נײַ | newydd | חדש | nēowe , nīwe | נו |
184 | old | âld | אַלט | hen | ישן | gamol ; eald | ישן |
185 | good | goed | גוט | da | טוב | gōd , til , *sēl | טוב |
186 | bad | min | שלעכט | drwg | רע | yfel | דרוג |
187 | rotten | ferrotte | פֿאַרפֿוילט | pwdr | רקוב | fūl | רהטן |
188 | dirty | smoarch | שמוציק | budr | מלוכלך | ādeliht ; sol | סול |
189 | straight | rjocht | גלײַך , גראָד | syth | ישר | ġerād ; *ġereclīċ | רהית |
190 | round | rûn | קײַלעכיק | crwn | עגול | hwyrflede ; seonuwealt | עגול |
191 | sharp | skerp | שאַרף | miniog | חד | sċearp | סקרף |
192 | dull | stomp | טעמפּ | pŵl | קהה | dol ; dwǣs | סומף |
193 | smooth | glêd | גלאַט | llyfn , llefn , llyfnion , | חלק | slīc ; slieht ; smēþe , smōþ | סְמַוד |
194 | wet | wiet | נאַס | gwlyb | רטוב | wǣt | וֵט |
195 | dry | droech | טרוקן , פֿאַרטריקנט | sych | יבש | sēar ; drȳġe | יבש |
196 | correct | korrekt | ריכטיק | cywir | נכון | riht | רהית |
197 | near | tichteby | בײַ , נאָענט | agos | קרוב | nēah | תית |
198 | far | fier | ווײַט | pell | רחוק | wīd ; feor | פר |
199 | right | rjochts | רעכץ | de | ימין | reht , riht | רְהָית |
200 | left | lofts | לינקס | chwith | שמאל | winstre | חְוִית |
201 | at | iet | בײַ , אויף | yn | ב־ | on ; æt | אט |
202 | in | yn | אין , אַרײַן | yn , mewn | ב־ | in | אִין |
203 | with | mei | מיט | gyda , efo , â | עם | mid | מִד |
204 | and | en | און | a | ו־ | and | ו |
205 | if | at | אויב , באם , טאָמער | os , pe | אם | ġif | גף |
206 | because | omdat | ווײַל , צוליב | achos , oherwydd | כי , בגלל | forþon | כי |
207 | name | namme | נאָמען | enw | שם | nama | נמה |
Sophomore List
Mark Rosenfelder, in his Language Construction Kit, has a list that comes after Swadesh, which he calls his "Sophomore List"
Adjectives
- Numbers
- zero; half; quarter; 6 ; 7 ; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; 60
- Colors
- blue, brown, dark, light
Opposites
- beautiful; ugly
- fast, slow
- first, last
- hard, soft
- full, empty
- smart, stupid
- real, fake
- upper, lower
- expensive, cheap
- sweet, sour
- strong, weak
- different, same
- Swadesh forgot
- young, hot, clean, wrong, rough, crooked
- Emotions
- glad, happy, sad, tired, angry, crazy
- Character
- careful, lucky, smart, wise, foolish, healthy, sick
- Value
- important, interesting, boring, wonderful, strange
- Abstractions
- funny, easy, difficult, alone, free, normal, special, probable, secret
Nouns
- Natural substances
- air, glass, iron, gold, silver
- Territory
- nature, world, land
- Time
- week, month, yesterday, today, tomorrow, morning, afternoon
- Season
- spring, summer, fall, winter
- Geographical
- hill, farm, field, island
- Body Parts
- body, lip, breast, butt, muscle, brain
- Animals
- cat, cow, chicken, horse, pig, mouse, monkey, lion, bug, wolf
- Plants
- grain, bread, branch
- People
- girl, boy, girlfriend, boyfriend, friend, baby
- Family
- family, sister, brother, son, daughter
- Hierarchy
- king, boss, leader, servant
- Religion
- god, devil, temple, holy, evil, soul, sin
- Settlement
- city, street, tavern
- Houses
- house, room, wall, window, door
- Furniture
- table, chair, bed, corner
- School
- school, university, class, lesson, teacher, test
- Dining
- food, lunch, dinner, wine, milk
- Clothing
- clothes, pants, dress, shoe, hat
- Technology
- machine, tool, boat, clock, key, net, wagon, wheel, wire
- Containers
- box, bag, bottle, cup, plate, knife
- Avocations
- music, art, science, vacation, picture, game
- Language
- language; word, book, pen, paper, page
- Abstract
- idea, message, story, symbol, example
- Analysis
- system , list, event, reason, fact, space, time, map
- Money
- money, price, worth, debt, shop
- Respect
- honor, shame
- Politics
- war, peace, sword, government, law, council, tax, prison, minister
Verbs
- Life and Death
- be seem born
- Everyday
- work, wake, dream, cook, use, grow
- Writing
- write, read, translate, create, study, learn, copy
- Affection
- love, hate, like, care, want, wish, marry
- Knowledge
- understand, believe, doubt, expect, remember, forget
- Emotions
- hope, worry, regret, surprise
- Modals
- can, must, should
- Aspect
- begin, finish, intend to do, habitually do
- Abstractions
- cause, mean, measure, place
- Shapes
- square, circle, line, edge, side
- Perceptions : touch, taste
- Speech Acts
- answer, ask, thank, greet, lie, joke, call, offer, choose
- Movements
- leave, go, follow, hide, run, roll
- Bodily
- dance, kiss, smile, cry, point
- Conflict
- annoy, hurt, crime, destroy, trick
- Society
- allow, meet, help
- Manipulations
- put, take, have, build, fold, add
- Acquisitions
- buy, sell, need, get, lose, search, find, trade, keep
- Containers
- open, close, cover
Grammar
- Conjunctions
- but or though until
- Prepositions
- toward, for, without, against, on, about behind across over under
- Adverbs
- perhaps, indeed, thus
- Time
- now, then, again, next
- Degree
- very, too, enough
Courtesy
please, thank you, you're welcome, welcome to, hello, goodbye, yes, no
Modern
- Air
- airport, airplane
- Cars
- car, bus, license, gas station, motor, taxi, truck, gasoline
- Other
- bicycle, railroad, train station, subway, spaceship
- Computer
- computer, disc, chip, CPU
- Accessories
- DVD, hard drive, keyboard, mouse, monitor
- Programs
- program, game, word processor, compiler
- Internet
- internet, email, web, website, download, browser, blog, post, flame, lurker, newb, chat
- Disciplines
- physics, chemistry, biology, electricity, magneticism, mathematics
- Physics
- atom, molecule, energy, nuclear, particle, photon, proton, neutron
- Biology
- cell, evolution, gene
- Substance
- plastic
- Appliance
- stove, sink, dishwasher, refrigerator, washer, dryer, furnace, AC
- Film
- camera, film, photo, movie/video, animation, theater
- Recording
- CD, record, tape, stereo
- Weaponry
- gun, rifle, tank, infantry, cavalry, artillery, bomb
- Office
- copier, typewriter, scanner
- Media
- newspaper, magazine, telephone, television, radio, comic
- Other
- elevator, laser, light bulb, watch
- Measures
- pound, foot, mile, ounce, cup, gram, kg, meter, km, ml, l
- Lifestyle
- lifestyle, ATM, suburb
- Jobs
- secretary, babysitter, bureaucrat, manager
- Education
- college, degree, masters, Ph.D
- Economy
- economy, banknote, credit card, dollar, euro, expenses, income, inflation, standard of living, unemployed, union, welfare, yen, yuan, won, taxes
- Avocations
- chess, rock, soccer, cigarette, drugs
- Clothing
- bikini, bra, jeans, T-shirt, lipstick
- Health
- AIDS/HIV, allergy, addict, antibiotics, bacteria, vaccine, virus, vitamin
- Food
- candy, hamburger, hot dog, pizza, sushi, taco, tofu, tomato
- Belief
- communism, socialism, fascism, republic, democracy, Green, human rights, liberal, conservative
- Position
- president, prime minister, representative, parliament, council, dictator, party
- Religions
- Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism
Place Names
These are for place names, not the words themselves
Geography
- Plains
- plain, savannah, meadow - מוידה, field, prairie
- Forest
- forest, woods, grove, copse
- Hills
- hill - אשטה, down, mountain, range, plateau, crest, peak
- Valley
- valley, canyon, cliff
- Harsh
- marsh, swamp, desert, wilderness, jungle
- Rivers
- river - אבון, stream, brook, channel, rapids, portage, source – בלינה (headwaters), confluence, delta - אברה, bank, waterfall, spring
- Lake
- lake, pond
- Sea
- sea, ocean, bay, strait
- Coastline
- coast, beach, peninsula, cape, point
- Island
- island, archipelago, atoll
- Local
- rock, tree, bridge, ford, dam, park, oasis
- Tree
- aspen, birch, cedar, elm, oak, palm, pine, willow
Human
- Settlements
- city, town, village, colony, port, market, capital
- Military
- fort - קירה, castle, wall, camp
- Religion
- shrine, oracle, temple, church, chapel - בדהוסה, monastery
- Other
- mine, inn, stopping-point, post, lodge, mill, house
- Road
- road, highway, trail, way
Adjectives
- Age
- new, old
- Shapes
- round, flat, wide, narrow, high, low
- Locations
- central, upper, lower, near, far
- Directions
- north, south, east, west
- Respect
- great, grand, glorious, noble, holy, royal
- Salesmanship
- fertile, beautiful, lucky, pleasant, quiet, gold, silver, jewel
- Descriptive
- windy, stinky
- Color
- white - והית , black - חורת , green - גרון , yellow - גל , blue - בלו , red - רהוד , orange - אורנג , brown - ברון
- Water
- fast, slow, clear, muddy, noisy, laughing, reedy
- Animals
- horse, ox, lion, fox, deer, panther, hawk, eagle, dragon, ram
Leipzig-Jakarta
Leipzig-Jakarta List | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Rank | Meaning | Weddish | TBA | TBA |
1 | fire | פיר | ||
2 | nose | תריל | ||
3 | to go | גון | ||
4 | water | גורטר | ||
5 | mouth | מות | ||
6 | tongue | טע | ||
7 | blood | בלוד | ||
8 | bone | בועה | ||
9 | 2sg pronoun (you) | תו | ||
10 | root | גורתה | ||
11 | to come (move) | קמן | ||
12 | breast | ברס | ||
13 | rain | רהע | ||
14 | 1sg pronoun (I) | אח | ||
15 | name | נומה | ||
16 | louse (Phthirapteron) | שו | ||
17 | wing | כנף | ||
18 | flesh/meat | פלסקה | בשרה | |
19 | arm/hand | הון | ||
20 | fly (insect, Dipteron) | פלוגן | ||
21 | night (time of day) | ניתה | ||
22 | ear | איר | ||
23 | neck | נהך | ||
24 | far (prep.) | פר | ||
25 | to do/make | מכן | ||
26 | house/structure | הוסה | ||
27 | stone/rock (singular object) | סונה | ||
28 | bitter | בטר | ||
29 | to say | סגן | ||
30 | tooth | טות | ||
31 | hair | הוירה | ||
32 | big | מור | ||
33 | one (number) | אן | ||
34 | who? | והא | ||
35 | 3sg pronoun (they) | איט | ||
36 | to hit/beat | |||
37 | leg/foot | פוט | ||
38 | horn | הרנה | ||
39 | this (pron.) | |||
40 | fish | פסק | ||
41 | yesterday | גסר | ||
42 | to drink | דרעכן | ||
43 | black (color) | חורת | ||
44 | navel | טבורה | ||
45 | to stand | סונדן | ||
46 | to bite | ביטן | ||
47 | back (body-part) | |||
48 | wind | רוח | ||
49 | smoke (substance) | רוחן | ||
50 | what? | והט | ||
51 | child (kin term) | ברן | ||
52 | egg | וגה | ||
53 | to give | |||
54 | new (adj.) | |||
55 | to burn (intr.) | |||
56 | not (adj./adv.) | |||
57 | good | |||
58 | to know | |||
59 | knee | |||
60 | sand | |||
61 | to laugh | שחן | ||
62 | to hear | |||
63 | soil | |||
64 | leaf | |||
65 | red (color) | |||
66 | liver (body-part) | כבדה | ||
67 | to hide | |||
68 | skin/hide | |||
69 | to suck | |||
70 | to carry | |||
71 | ant (Formid) | נמה | ||
72 | heavy | |||
73 | to take | |||
74 | old | |||
75 | to eat | |||
76 | thigh | תחה | ||
77 | thick | תק | ||
78 | long (spacially) | |||
79 | to blow | |||
80 | wood | |||
81 | to run | |||
82 | to fall | |||
83 | eye (body-part) | אג | ||
84 | ash | אסקה | ||
85 | tail | סרת | ||
86 | dog | הון | ||
87 | to cry/weep | |||
88 | to tie | |||
89 | to see | |||
90 | sweet | |||
91 | rope | |||
92 | shade/shadow | |||
93 | bird | |||
94 | salt | מלחה | ||
95 | small | |||
96 | wide | |||
97 | star | סרה | ||
97 | in | |||
99 | hard (materially) | |||
100 | to crush/grind |