User:IlL/Spare pages 1/66: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
m (IlL moved page User:IlL/Spare pages 1-99/66 to User:IlL/Spare pages 1/66 without leaving a redirect)
 
(23 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
'''A-Arabic''' (called Arabic in-universe) is a Semitic language inspired by Welsh. A-Arabic has a lexicon similar to Arabic and is the source of "Arabic" loans in English, but it uses Welsh-inspired mutations and syntax.
'''A-Arabic''' (''al-għarefi''; called Arabic in-universe) is a Semitic language inspired by Welsh and Estonian. A-Arabic has a lexicon similar to our Arabic and is the source of "Arabic" loans in English, but it uses a Sami- and Icelandic-inspired phonology.


*Def. article is al- like in our Arabic
*Def. article is al- like in our Arabic
Line 12: Line 12:
**ts > z, tŝ > ẑ
**ts > z, tŝ > ẑ
**ll > l, rh > r
**ll > l, rh > r
*More Estonian vowels?


==Phonology==
==Phonology==
Welsh + ü ö ä
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Pronouns===
===Pronouns===
Line 21: Line 24:
Modern L-Arabic lost grammatical gender.
Modern L-Arabic lost grammatical gender.


The definite article ''al'' is invariable, as in Old Hijazi Arabic.
The definite article ''al'' turns to ''a'' before ''ll'' and ''rh''.


*''chaff'' = coffee
*''chaff'' = coffee
*''al-chaff'' = the coffee
*''al-chaff'' = the coffee


Animate plural nouns usually end in -i or display i-affection. There are many broken plurals (cydof, pl. cwdwf 'book'; ħarff, ħyruf 'books') and some plurals end in −od, e.g. ajy, ajod 'sign'.
Animate plural nouns usually end in -i or display i-affection:
*waladd, welydd 'boy'
*mwddarhys, mydderhis 'teacher'
 
However, there are many broken plurals:
* cydof, pl. cwdwf 'book'
* ħarff, pl. ħyruff 'letter (character)'
* calf, pl. cylof 'dog'
 
Some plurals end in −ad, e.g. ai, ajad 'sign'.


===Adjectives===
===Adjectives===
Line 35: Line 47:


===Prepositions===
===Prepositions===
*ly = dative
*by = instrumental
*''ffi'' = locative
*magh = comitative
*ghale = "on"
===Conjunctions===
===Conjunctions===
===Preverbs===
===Preverbs===

Latest revision as of 01:03, 10 May 2023

A-Arabic (al-għarefi; called Arabic in-universe) is a Semitic language inspired by Welsh and Estonian. A-Arabic has a lexicon similar to our Arabic and is the source of "Arabic" loans in English, but it uses a Sami- and Icelandic-inspired phonology.

  • Def. article is al- like in our Arabic
  • Unconditional shifts: PSem p s z ts' tθ' ł tł' > ff s z ts th ŝ tŝ
    • θ δ gh > t d g?
  • initial or geminated l r > ll rh
  • Emphatics and geminates spirantize: t'/tt, k'/kk > th ch
  • soft mutation:
    • m, b > v
    • t > d, d > dd
    • c > g, g > 0
    • ts > z, tŝ > ẑ
    • ll > l, rh > r
  • More Estonian vowels?

Phonology

Welsh + ü ö ä

Morphology

Pronouns

indep. pronouns: naw, ant, hu/hi/hoddo, nan, antyf, hyf/hoddi

Nouns

Modern L-Arabic lost grammatical gender.

The definite article al turns to a before ll and rh.

  • chaff = coffee
  • al-chaff = the coffee

Animate plural nouns usually end in -i or display i-affection:

  • waladd, welydd 'boy'
  • mwddarhys, mydderhis 'teacher'

However, there are many broken plurals:

  • cydof, pl. cwdwf 'book'
  • ħarff, pl. ħyruff 'letter (character)'
  • calf, pl. cylof 'dog'

Some plurals end in −ad, e.g. ai, ajad 'sign'.

Adjectives

Adjectives do not inflect.

Verbs and auxiliaries

A-Arabic lost productive triconsonantal morphology and thus inflected verbs. The combination of auxiliaries and prepositions are used to mark tense, as in Colloquial Welsh.

Prepositions

  • ly = dative
  • by = instrumental
  • ffi = locative
  • magh = comitative
  • ghale = "on"

Conjunctions

Preverbs

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=User:IlL/Spare_pages_1/66&oldid=305403"