Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Gaelic + Inuit + Hivantish + English

Greekify Irish slender consonants

Inuit words subject to Irishy sound changes

word order is more flexible than in Old Irish

Capital: Daomaist, from Hivantish "Dymuwistu" <- dhuHmo-h2westu

Preserves Old Irish /θ ð/

"What if Old Irish became a Balkan sprachbund language, losing infinitives etc."

Morphology

Nouns

Preserves a lot of case inflection in suffixed indefinite articles, via a suffixed áirithe "certain"

Possessive suffices from OIr emphatic clitics? "his" is (lenition)--san

nom sg. ech áirithe > echar 'a horse'
gen sg. eich áirithi > eichri
prep sg. euch áirithiu > echru
acc sg. euch n-áirithe > echna
nom pl eich áirithi > eichri
gen pl ech n-áirithe > echna
prep pl echaibh
acc pl echu h-áirithi > echuhar

Definite nouns get the OIr definite article mutations (with no preposed article) + -a(i)s:

nom sg t-echsa 'the horse'
gen sg eichse
prep sg echsa
acc sg n-echsa
voc sg a eich!
nom pl eichse
gen pl n-echsa
prep pl echaibhse
acc pl h-echus
voc pl a echu!

o-stem masc.

nom sg. echar
gen sg. eichri
prep sg. echru
acc sg. echna
nom pl eichri
gen pl echna
prep pl echaibh
acc pl echur
nom sg t-echsa
gen sg eichse
prep sg echsa
acc sg n-echsa
voc sg a eich!
nom pl eichse
gen pl n-echsa
prep pl echaibhse
acc pl h-echus
voc pl a echu!

ā-stem fem.

nom sg túathar
gen sg túaither
prep sg túaithri
acc sg túathnai
nom pl túathár
gen pl túathna
dat pl túathaib
acc pl túathár

Verbs

Preserves object prefixes but simplifies them; only conjunct and prototonic forms are used for most verbs

no-m-(L), no-t-(L), n-a-(N), no-s-(N), no-n-, no-bh-, no-s(N)- (no- can be replaced with another preverb e.g. ní-)

Get object incorportaion from focused objects?

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-'''Irish in the [[Albionian]] timeline''' has absorbed significant Slavic (e.g. [[Albionian]]) influence, and Slavic elements even penetrated grammar and grammatical morphemes.
+Gaelic + Inuit + Hivantish + English
-==History==
-The Protestant Reformation culminated in the establishment of a form of Protestantism as the state religion of Albion, and Albionian became associated with Protestantism. So the Catholic Church promoted the Irish language in Ireland as part of its Counter-Reformation program, which involed cconstructing the Irish identity as being Catholic and anti-Albionian. The program included purifyig Irish by removing Slavic words and some Slavic morphology; however, it was not entirely successful, as Slavic had already penetrated deep into the function words and grammatical morphology.
-==Todo==
-''beidbhéid'' (m) = bear (from Slavic, plus ''mh/bh'' confusion)
-Default verbing suffix is ''-uaigh'' (''-uaim, -uair, -uann sé, -uaimid, -uaithid, -uann siad'', verbnoun ''-ú'' or colloquially ''-uainí''), from Slavic ''-ovati'' verbs
-*e.g. ''companuaigh'' = to compose music (From Albionian ''componowaṫ'')
-==Nouns==
+Greekify Irish slender consonants
-The neuter gender and dative plural ''-aibh'' is preserved but there are fewer declension classes. The nominative plural of masculines and feminines is uniformly ''-(a)i'' /ɪ/ (by Slavic influence) and plural of neuters is usually ''-a''.
-The indefinite article is ''den'' (from ''den'' 'from the' + Slavic *edìn 'one'); it or lack thereof is part of the case/number/gender declension.
+Inuit words subject to Irishy sound changes
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+word order is more flexible than in Old Irish
-|-
-!
-! colspan=2| ''fear'' (m.) = man
-! colspan=2| ''stránca'' (f.) = bulletin board
-! colspan=2| ''sceul'' (n.) = story, news
-|-
-!
-!singular
-!plural
-!singular
-!plural
-!singular
-!plural
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
-|''den fear''<br/>''an fear'' ||''fearai''<br/>''ant fearai''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncai''<br/>''na stráncai''
-|''den sceul''<br/>''an sceul''  ||''sceula''<br/>''na sceula''
-|-
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
-|''dent fhear''<br/>''ant fhear''  ||''fear''<br/>''na bhfearaibh''
-|''dena stránca''<br/>''na stránca'' ||''stránca''<br/>''na stráncaibh''
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceul''<br/>''na sceulaibh''
-|-
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
-|''dent fear''<br/>''ant fear''  ||''fearaibh''<br/>''na fearaibh''
-|''dent stránca''<br/>''ant stránca'' ||''stráncaibh''<br/>''na stráncaibh''
-|''dent sceul''<br/>''ant sceul'' ||''sceulaibh''<br/>''na sceulaibh''
-|}
-Neuter nouns in the Slavic suffixes ''-ní, -tí'' are indeclinable.
-Adjectives do not inflect for case, number or gender (ignoring initial mutation):
+Capital: Daomaist, from Hivantish "Dymuwistu" <- dhuHmo-h2westu
-{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center
+Preserves Old Irish /θ ð/
-|-
-!
+"What if Old Irish became a Balkan sprachbund language, losing infinitives etc."
-! colspan=2| After masculine
-! colspan=2| After feminine
+==Morphology ==
-! colspan=2| After neuter
+=== Nouns ===
-|-
+Preserves a lot of case inflection in suffixed indefinite articles, via a suffixed ''áirithe'' "certain"
-!
-!singular
+Possessive suffices from OIr emphatic clitics? "his" is (lenition)--san
-!plural
-!singular
+*nom sg. ''ech áirithe'' > ''echar'' 'a horse'
-!plural
+*gen sg. ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-!singular
+*prep sg. ''euch áirithiu'' > ''echru''
-!plural
+*acc sg. ''euch n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-|-
+*nom pl ''eich áirithi'' > ''eichri''
-|align="right"|'''Nominative'''
+*gen pl ''ech n-áirithe'' > ''echna''
-|''den fear '''b'''eag'' ||''fearai '''b'''eag''
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
-|''dent stránca '''bh'''eag'' ||''stráncai '''b'''eag''
+*acc pl ''echu h-áirithi'' > ''echuhar''
-|''den sceul '''mb'''eag''  ||''sceula '''bh'''eag''
+Definite nouns get the OIr definite article mutations (with no preposed article) + -a(i)s:
-|-
+* nom sg ''t-echsa'' 'the horse'
-|align="right"|'''Genitive'''
+* gen sg ''eichse''
-|''dent fhear '''bh'''eag''  ||''fear '''mb'''eag''
+* prep sg ''echsa''
-|''dena stránca '''b'''eag'' ||''stránca '''mb'''eag''
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
-|''dent sceul '''bh'''eag'' ||''sceul '''mb'''eag''
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
-|-
+* nom pl ''eichse''
-|align="right" |'''Prepositional'''
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
-|''dent fear '''bh'''eag''  ||''fearaibh '''b'''eag''
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
-|''dent stránca '''bh'''eag'' ||''stráncaibh '''b'''eag''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
-|''dent sceul '''bh'''eag'' ||''sceulaibh '''b'''eag''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
-|}
+==== o-stem masc. ====
-[[Category:Celtic languages]]
+*nom sg. ''echar''
+*gen sg. ''eichri''
+*prep sg. ''echru''
+*acc sg. ''echna''
+*nom pl ''eichri''
+*gen pl ''echna''
+*prep pl ''echaibh''
+*acc pl ''echur''
+* nom sg ''t-echsa''
+* gen sg ''eichse''
+* prep sg ''echsa''
+* acc sg ''n-echsa''
+* voc sg ''a eich!''
+* nom pl ''eichse''
+* gen pl ''n-echsa''
+* prep pl ''echaibhse''
+* acc pl ''h-echus''
+* voc pl ''a echu!''
+==== ā-stem fem. ====
+* nom sg ''túathar''
+* gen sg ''túaither''
+* prep sg ''túaithri''
+* acc sg ''túathnai''
+* nom pl ''túathár''
+* gen pl ''túathna''
+* dat pl ''túathaib''
+* acc pl ''túathár''
+=== Verbs ===
+Preserves object prefixes but simplifies them; only conjunct and prototonic forms are used for most verbs
+* no-m-(L), no-t-(L), n-a-(N), no-s-(N), no-n-, no-bh-, no-s(N)- (no- can be replaced with another preverb e.g. ní-)
+Get object incorportaion from focused objects?

Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Contents

Morphology

Nouns

o-stem masc.

ā-stem fem.

Verbs

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Verse:Irta/Icelandic Gaelic: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 03:56, 19 December 2022

Morphology

Nouns

o-stem masc.

ā-stem fem.

Verbs

Navigation menu

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